school of veterinary medicine and animal science...

Adriana de Siqueira,

Fernanda Ampuero, Ramon Mesquita,

Paulo C. Maiorka

School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science – University of Sao Paulo - Brazil

South American Coati –Nasua nasua

http://www.icmbio.gov.brOwner: Mara Paes

Mammalian, omnivorous,

Feeding: invertebrates and fruits

Essentially diurnal in its activities

Adult males are solitary

Females and immature males travel in groups up to 30 individuals

terrestrial

High risk - hunting

Coati - Distribution International Union for

Conservation of Nature List(IUCN) – least concern

distributed in South America, ranging from Colombia and Venezuela in the north to Uruguay and northern Argentina in the south

Apparently common

Threats: hunt, deforestationhttp://www.iucn.org/

The case The Environmental State

Police has brought 2 male coatis for necropsy with a Police report – Dept. of Pathology/USP– November2012

Suspicions: gunshot wounds, blunt force trauma.

Necropsy would confirm (ornot) their suspicions

the animals were registeredand sent to XR.

plastic weave bag

Neighbours have informed their suspicions to the

police – “violent man”

The Police had urgency to get the necropsy report

and the (possible) bullets, because the offender

was on parole, and had 24-hour to keep him in

custody.

The crime sceneThe animals and an airgun were found in thebackyard of an outlaw –Franco da Rocha – SaoPaulo State

Pellet rifle (air gun) PR is not a gunfire – no

need of registration

Caliber: 4.5 mm

Shotshell

Widespread shootingpattern – close range – no soot pattern

bullets

X-Ray

Necropsy

Coati #1 a complete and extensive

fracture of skullcap, with a fracture line from the region left temporal, extending to the parietal, right temporal and the occipital region

Bony fragments

Radio-opaque material dispersed

Coati #1

Pneumothorax

areas of hairless skinreddish to brownish discoloration

Necropsy #1

Skin laceration due to

blunt force trauma (?),

with irregular edges,

measuring approximately

5.0 x 2.0 cm

Metallic black bullet

measuring 4. 5 mm in

diameter in the

subcutaneous tissue of

the left lateral abdomen

Necropsy #1 Right lateral decubitus

after reflecting and

skinning.

the muscles of the dorsal

lumbar region present

greenish blackish

discoloration

•skull: extensive bony fracture,

extending from the right

temporal bone toward the left

temporal bone – exposition of the

brain matter

•Crushed brain matter (black

arrow)

Left hindlimb

Black metallic bullet

between the 4th and 5th

metatarsals.

The carcass was rotten

Hemorrhage in themedial aspect of thehindlimb

Spiral fracture in the middle third of the shaft of the femur (black arrow).

X-Ray (match)

X-Ray

Necropsy

Coati #2 Multiple round

radio-opaque

objects (bullets)

dispersed in the left

forelimb and

cervical areas

Coati #2

Necropsy #2

Adhesive tape - identification

Necropsy #2 Lacerations of the skin

Wounds were blackish with

irregular edges – old hematoma

and hemorrhage - animals were

kept for several days (match with

the neighbours report)

Necropsy #2

Bruising , hemorrhage and

laceration of muscles – left

forelimb

Round black bullet

Necropsy #2 skinning

Extensive bruising and laceration of muscles in the ventral cervical region - medial aspect of the left forelimb

X-Ray

Necropsy #2

clot at the base of the

brain and skull floor

hemorrhage

Plastic sealed bag

Plastic numbered seal

Necropsy#

Bullets

Federal Environmental Law (1998) – deals with crimes against fauna and flora

Federal Environmental Law –9605/98 – art 29

Killing, pursue, hunt, catch, using specimens of wild, native wildlife or migratory route, without permission, license or authorization from the competent authority:

Sentence - imprisonment from six months to one year and fine.

Hunting is illegal in Brazil

Federal Environmental Law –9605/98 – art 32

practice abuse, cruelty, injure or mutilate wild or domestic, native or exotic animals:

Sentence - prison of three months to one year and a fine.

The X-Ray exam + the forensic necropsy findings(documentation)

Match between the bullets and the air gun(experts)

Criminal records from the outlaw (previous crimes against people) – link theory (P. Arkow)

violence against animals

Jail – waiting for trial(?)

Violence against people

Case conclusion The outlaw was kept in

jail because of theprevious crimes againstpeople...

... if the crime was committed only against animals (illegal hunting, cruelty), he would pay a fine and be released

Federal crime!

siqueira.adriana.vp@gmail.com