scaling up strategy for wash in schools in zambia ministry of education, science, vocational...

Scaling Up  Strategy for WASH in Schools in Zambia

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND EARLY EDUCATION

• Pop: Approx 15 mio• Pop. dens 21/sq km• Approx 9000

schools, of which 1/3 community schools

KEY ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED• In 2012 > 80% of Schools did not have adequate sanitation

facilities (Bottleneck analysis/ proposal for interim package)

• 58.5% Government school coverage with permanent toilets (MESVTEE 2013) - BUT

• most often high pupil:toilet ratios

• community schools not counted

• 35% of facilities non-functional (Sustainability checks, UNICEF, 2012)

• Generally: lack of Handwashing facilities at schools & Handwashing as practice poorly adopted

• Lack of comprehensive WASH in Schools Standards & Guidelines (including hardware AND software)

• Limited consultation & coordination with MESVTEE• Poor monitoring & reporting on key WASH indicators

Impact of Sanitation on Girls’ enrollment, repetition, dropout

KEY ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

GRADE 1 GRADE 2 GRADE 3 GRADE 4 GRADE 5 GRADE 6 GRADE 7 GRADE 8 GRADE 9 GRADE 10 GRADE 11 GRADE 12

Enro

lled

Girls

/ En

rolle

d Bo

ys

Female/Male Enrollment Ratios per Grade and Access to Sanitation in Schools in Zambia

NO TOILETS

TOILETS

<20 STUDENTS/ TOILET

> 100 STUDENTS/ TOILET

enrollment

Impact of Sanitation on Girls’ enrollment, repetition, dropout

KEY ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

GRADE 1 GRADE 2 GRADE 3 GRADE 4 GRADE 5 GRADE 6 GRADE 7 GRADE 8 GRADE 9 GRADE 10 GRADE 11 GRADE 12

Girls

Rep

eatin

g/ E

nrol

led

Girls

Female Repetition Rates per Grade and Sanitation in Schools in Zambia

NO Toilets

Report Toilets

<20 Students/Toilet

>100Students/Toilet

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

Rural Areas Urban Areas Zambia

REPE

ATER

GIR

LS/ E

NROL

LED

GIRL

S

Female Repetition Rates and Access to Sanitation in Schools

NO Toilet Schools

> 100Students/ToiletSchools ReportToilets<20Students/Toilet

repetition

Impact of Sanitation on Girls’ enrollment, repetition, dropout

• Resources for coverage linked to high cost/school

KEY ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12

Num

ber

of G

irls

Dro

ping

/ G

irls

Enr

olle

d

Female Dropout Rates and Access to Sanitation in Schools in Zambia

NO toilets

Report toilets

<20 sutdents/toilet

>100sutdents/toilet

dropout

• UNICEF/DFID – CLTS-SLTS in 35+ districts in all provinces

• UNICEF/Netherlands – School WASH & Water supplyin 20+ districts

• SPLASH/USAID – school WASH (has come to end)

in Eastern Province 5 districts

• African Development Bank – CLTS-SLTSin Western Province (kicking off now)

• Wins4Girls/Government of Canada – MHM guidelines/toolkit

• Number of other partners / NGOs

MAIN WASH IN SCHOOLS PROGRAMMES - RURAL

• National Technical Committee (NTC) on WASH in Schools hosted by MESVTEE – June 2014

• Important role in harmonization of interventions & Coordination

• SLTS guidelines/manual development• Advocacy• Improvement of WASH monitoring (e.g. inclusion of key

WASH indicators in EMIS)

• Key WASH indicators in EMIS;Hardware: including functionality - Handwashing - Waste disposal - Menstrual Hygiene Management (privacy, sanitary education and pads…) - Operation and Maintenance and WASH committee

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS - UPSTREAM

• National WASH standards / SLTS guidelines & Training Manual (2014)

• Including 3 star certification • Current distribution ongoing (2000 copies; incl flash cards,

handwashing catalogue)• Used for training of 40 districts.

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS - UPSTREAM

• Menstrual Hygiene Management• MHM Thematic Working Group under National Technical

Committee created in 2012• MHM pilot study with WaterAid/UNICEF concluded in 2013.• Under Splash, MHM toolkit developed

• Since Oct 2014: Wins4Girls MHM Formative Qualitative Research in 2 districts.Collaboration with GRZ/Emory University/UNZA/CIDRZ

Outputs expected end 2015> produce National Guidelines > produce toolkit/minimum package for scaling up

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS - UPSTREAM

Adoption of Interim Comprehensive WASH Package • in 2013 - as response to provide solution for scaling up

sanitation status in rural Government schools• Cost of design approx. USD1000/drophole

= divided by approx. 2.5• toilet:pupils ratio brought down to 1:50 -> For same cost, possible to target 4x more schools

+• HARDWARE-SOFTWARE integration

In line with SLTS Guidelines (hygiene practices / outreach)• Mass hand washing station• MHM + Girls privacy + washing facility

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS – UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM

Interim Design

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS – UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM

•Low cost design for community schools since 2015• provide sanitation solution for needy schools: < USD 500• affordable on proper funding • Integrated with sanitation marketing –> local masons

+ MHM + mass handwashing station …

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS – UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM

Original latrine design USD2500/ drophole pupil:toilet 30:1

2014 Low cost design < USD500/drophole pupil:toilet

ratio 50:1 Community SchoolsX4 X2

Schools reached with same budget

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS – UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS – UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM

• Further scaling up needed!!- sanitation and Grouped Handwashing (Planned implementation in school feeding prgrm)

• Long term adoption of WASH package - discussion ongoing

• Mobile 2 Web monitoring of WASH in Schools indicators (will start in 17 districts)

• MHM: additional qualitative research needed specifically on reusable sanitary pads

• MHM toolkit / guidelines rollout in Zambian schools following the development of MHM toolkit/guidelines

• Quantitative Impact study of WASH package on Girls learning (attendance-enrolment-…) – PUT research in action

WAY FORWARD

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION