safety & quality aspects in '3-s' system of construction

A Project Study On

Safety & Quality Parameters & Techniques

in

‘3-S’ System of Construction

By-Sandeep Jain&Vipul Kumar

Outline

The Project

‘3-S’ System

Safety Management

Quality Assurance

Pros & Cons

Denouement

The Project

B.G. SHIRKE Construction Technology Pvt. Ltd.

SafetySpeed

‘3-S’ System

‘3-S’ System

Strength

4-Satge Process

Manufacturing

Storage & Curing

Transit

Erection

‘3-S’ System (4-Stage Process

Safety ManagementManufacturing Phase

Safety Management

Column Component

Manufacturing Phase

Beam Component

Shear Wall

Safety ManagementManufacturing Phase

Safety Management

Slab Component

Lift Core

Manufacturing Phase

Safety ManagementManufacturing & storage phase

Lift Core

Safety ManagementStorage :

Lift Core

Safety ManagementTransit :

Lift Core

While transporting, for the safety of people around particular attention given to:

• Recognized routes

• Shape, size and mass of the concrete elements

• Provision for temporary storage

• According to OHSMP : Site specific traffic management plan for traffic control barricades and road closure permits

• Provision for all weather access for delivery vehicle.

• To reduce hazards, the unnecessary transport of concrete elements, particularly where multiple loading and unloading is required , should be avoided wherever possible.

• Inspection of uncompacted backfilled excavation or overhead services before entering construction site

Safety ManagementErection Phase : 1. Erection Preparation

2. Temporary Bracing

3. Rigging Operation

4. Screeding

Erection Preparation Checklist :

Has traffic management been set up in accordance with the plan, and are suitably qualified persons available on site to undertake traffic management duties?

Has an area for the unloading of the precast elements been designated?

Does the design envelope of the plant encroach into any electrical “No-Go Zone”?

Has a document been prepared by the builder to verify that the erection platform can safely carry the construction and erection loads?

Are shop drawing for all precast elements available on site?

Are all lateral restraints (dowel bars, angle irons etc.) being installed and fixed in position during the erection of the precast concrete elements?

Has a Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS) been prepared for the High Risk Construction Work?

and the list continues with points regarding bracing, cranes, lifting points……..

Safety Management

Safety ManagementBracing :

• Pre-fab concrete components must be properly supported until they are permanently attached to prevent overturning or collapse.

• Wherever possible bracing should be fixed to the element before lifting.

• When it is necessary to attach the braces after the element has been positioned, the element should be held safely by the crane whilst the braces are installed on the upper face by the use of a ladder or alternative access system.

• A minimum of 2 braces are used for each element.

• Braces shall be attached to a flat surface which is capable of withstanding the applied load.

Rigging:

Workers involved with hoisting and rigging activities are trained in both safety and operating procedures. A safe rigging operation requires the rigger to know :

• The weight of the load The working load limit of the hoisting rope, slings.

• The capacity of the hoisting device - at least five times the anticipated load.

• The working load limit of the hoisting rope, slings, and hardware.

• Rigger must know how to lift the load so that it is stable.

• Safe practices – Manual inspection of wear and tear, Blind Lifting avoided.

• Lift-slab concrete operations involve fabricating pre-cast concrete components with lifting hardware embedded in them.

• IS 13367 : Part 1 : 1992 Safe use of cranes - Code of practice Part 1 General

• Means of Communication (What signals to be used)

Safety Management

Safety Management

Safety aspects in various stage of Erection Phase :

Safety Management

Lift Pin

Safety aspects in various stage of Erection Phase :

Safety Management

Safety ManagementPersonnel Safety : Use of PPE’s

Lift Core

Safety ManagementPersonnel Safety : Use of PPE’s

Lift Core

Safety ManagementPersonnel Safety : Signs and Signals

Lift Core

Safety ManagementPersonnel Safety : Signs and Signals

Lift Core

Safety ManagementPersonnel Safety : Toolbox Meet

Lift Core

QEHS Policy

Quality AssuranceManufacturing Phase

Anti-Corrosion Coating Prefabrication of R/F Cage

Concreting Demoulding

S. No. Process Test Material Tests/Checks Conducted Frequency

1 Pre - Concreting

Raw materials(e.g. Cement, sand, aggregates, water)

Sieve analysis, moisture content test, impuritiescontent etc.

Start of production Once in 12 months

Reinforcement Tensile strength testStart of production Once in 12 months

Steel moulds Reinforcement cage

Dimensional &visual check (mould)

1 cycle per month

2 Concreting Wet concreteSlump test, cubetest, temperaturecheck

(Site witness)

3 Post - ConcretingDryingconcrete

Visual inspections Dimensionalcheck (segment) Rapid Chloride Permeability(RCP) test

Every castEvery 8 weeksEvery 150 rings

4 CoatingCorrosionprotection coat

Wet film, dry film test, adhesion test

All steel R/f

5 Pre - Delivery All membersTensile (Pull-out) testTolerance checkFinal inspection

Every 50Every delivery

Quality AssuranceManufacturing Phase : Conduct of tests

Pros & ConsPros:

• Controlled casting environment

• Less Labour

• Maximizing repetition

• Rapid Speed of construction

• Work platform

• Fire resistant and durable.

• Versatile and optimized.

• Affordable and sustainable.

Pros & ConsCons:

• Only Mass or repetitive construction.

• Heavy Specialized machineries

• Skilled workmanship

• Small Margin of Error

• Serious Hazards

• Lack of customization

Denouement• Strong & Growing Strong

• Easy To Install

• Lower Lifetime cost

• Get the Job done Fast

• Talking Quality Here

• Good Looks

• Post-Occupational Safety

• Ease of Monitoring

Thanks