rural roads: changing scenario & challenges ahead · rural roads better transport, improved...

1

Presentation on

Rural Roads: Changing Scenario &

Challenges Ahead

By:

N C Solanki

Director (Projects-I)

National Rural Roads Development Agency

Ministry of Rural Development

Government of India

Status of Road Network in India

• Total length of road network in India : 33 Lakh km

• National Highways : 79,443 Km

(2%)

• State Highways &

Major District Roads : 5,99,662 Km

(18%)

• Rural Roads : 26,50,000 Km

(80%)

Rural Roads80%

National Highways2%

State Highwaysand Major District

Roads18%

Source: MoRTH , MoRD

2

PMGSY- SALIENT FEATURES

• Launched on 25th December 2000 as a 100% Centrally

Sponsored Scheme.

• Aims to provide single all-weather road connectivity to eligible

unconnected rural habitations of having population upto 500 in

normal areas and 250 and above in hilly / desert / tribal and Left

Wings Extremism (LWE) affected / Integrated Action Plan (IAP)

Districts.

• Upgradation of Selected Road Works.

• Implementation through Planned Core Network.

• Project Implementation by the States/UTs

• NRRDA at National Level for technical support to MoRD.

• Implementation by the States- SRRDA at State level and PIUs at

district level.3

PMGSY- SALIENT FEATURES – Cont..

• Maintenance budgeted by the States.

• Three tier Quality Monitoring Mechanism at District

level (PIU), State level (SQMs) and National Level

(NQMs).

• Inbuilt 5 year maintenance by the same contractor.

• On-Line Monitoring through Online Management,

Monitoring and Accounting System (OMMAS).

4

Management Strategy

• Appropriate Institutional Architecture

• Systematic Network Planning

• Structured Project Preparation and Selection Process

• Setting Standards and Specifications

• Standardization of Bidding Process – e procurement

• Rigorous Quality Monitoring

• Need Based Training, R & D

• Web based Monitoring Mechanism.

Management strategy aimed at embedding quality awareness in all

processes of implementation put in place for PMGSY.

5

Current Status

Physical Progress

6

Scheme Total Eligible

Projects Cleared

(%age in

brackets)

Achievement

( Upto June, 2014)

PMGSY

Habitations (in Nos.) 1,78,184 1,44,612

(81%)

99,696

69% of cleared

Length in km

(New Connectivity)- 3,59,609

2,55,779

71% of cleared

Length in km.

(Up-gradation)2,24,906

1,96,631

(87%)

1,53,373

78% of cleared

PMGSY-II

Upgradation length (Km) 50,00011,234.68

(22.5%)Recent sanctions

Financial Progress

7

(Since inception upto June 2014)

Projects cleared

( Rs. in Crore)

Funds released to the States

( Rs. in Crore)

Expenditure by States

( Rs. in Crore)

1,82,692 1,13,322 1,16,590

*Including interest accrued of Rs..3,341 Cr.

Issues and ChallengesIssues and ChallengesIssues and ChallengesIssues and Challenges

– Developing a transparent and acceptable methodology for selecting projects,

and finalizing assignments with public participation.

– Creating capacity in the engineering organization to be able to prepare need

based DPRs keeping in view traffic and site requirements.

– Developing external institutional support for planning, DPR scrutiny and

technical HR capacity building.

– Contractor development by improving quality of contracts, developing

contracting capacity.

– Creating a quality control system with responsibility of contractor and

accountability of PIU, with independent monitoring.

– Improving project management skills by ensuring institutional development,

creating monitoring tools and laying down clear SOPs and enforcing them.

– Involving local Government and CSOs during the planning, execution and

utilization phases and interaction with local development processes. 8

• Creating maintenance consciousness, increasing dedicated funding for

maintenance and helping create maintenance management systems

and practices including community based maintenance.

• Creating processes to incentivise innovation and R&D in road

construction including use of local and marginal materials and

development of cost effective need based designs.

• Road Safety issues in design, execution and operation and linking road

safety features with local context.

9

Issues and Challenges Issues and Challenges Issues and Challenges Issues and Challenges –––– Cont..Cont..Cont..Cont..

PMGSY-II - Features

• Union Cabinet approved PMGSY-II on 1st May, 2013.

• Aims at consolidation of rural road network, to leverage the

gains of PMGSY-I, through upgradation of ‘Through

Routes’ and ‘Major Link Routes’.

• Guidelines published and posted on the website.

• All States/ UTs are eligible to Participate in PMGSY- II once

they substantially award PMGSY works.

• DRRP is the basis of PMGSY – II and not Core Network.

• Centre- State Sharing pattern : 75:25 [ Special Areas- 90:10]

10

PMGSY-II – Features – Cont..

• 12th Five Year Plan period target- 50,000 Km length

under PMGSY-II.

• State-wise allocation made based on the pro-rata basis

of length in PMGSY [20-25% of PMGSY Up-

gradationTargets].

• 6 States- Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka

Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh - sanctioned PMGSY II

roads. (11234.68 Km length sanctioned).

11

Changing ScenarioChanging ScenarioChanging ScenarioChanging ScenarioSocio Economic ImpactSocio Economic ImpactSocio Economic ImpactSocio Economic Impact

12

New/ Improved Rural Roads

Better transport, improved access and saving in travel cost

and time

Exploitation of resource potential leading to higher

incomes

Emergence of demand for new activities and

services

Development of small business at villages and road

junctions

Growth in tertiary activities banking, schools, medical

facilities,

public services, service sector employment

13

Socio Economic Impacts

Agriculture…..Livelihoods.. .. Income...

14

Use of Improved Seeds Fertilizers and

Quantity of Production ( % Households)

15Study 2007- 2010 , 17 States, 50 Districts, 748 Habitation, ( 3 years prior &after ): Publication

2011, CMI Social Research Centre , New Delhi , Ministry of Rural Development

Use of Improved Seedsand Fertilizers

Increase in quantity ofproduction

2.39

3.89

5.725.21

Vegetables and Fruits

Use of ImprovedSeeds and Fertilizers

Increase in quantityof production

9.42

11.8912.42

18.27

Cereals

Unconnected Habitations Connected Habitations

Cereals Pulses Vegetables, Fruitsetc.

64.47

8.07

27.47

42.74

11.6

45.66

Before PMGSY After PMGSY

Study 2007- 2010 , 17 States, 50 Districts, 748 Habitation. ( 3 years prior &after ): Publication

2011, CMI Social Research Centre , New Delhi , Ministry of Rural Development

Change in Cropping Pattern

Cropped Area ( % Households)

16

Mini Bus

Four Wheeler

UnconnectedConnected

4.18

2.48

8.04

3.3

Access to Agriculture Market

In minutes/Km.

17Study 2007- 2011 , 10 States, 33 Districts, 750 Habitation , 11,490 Households Publication 2012,

LEA Associates SA, New Delhi , Ministry of Rural Development

Study 2007- 2010 , 17 States, 50 Districts, 748 Habitation ( 3 years prior &after ): Publication

2011, CMI Social Research Centre , New Delhi , Ministry of Rural Development

% Households Acquired Assets Post PMGSY

18

Farm Machinery Cattles and Poultry Birds

23.73

30.57

38.45

49.42

Unconnected Habaitations Connected Habitations

Increase in days Employed ( % households)

19

Uttar Pradesh Jharkhand Rajasthan

40.34

30.4

36.8

52.5751.07

53.16

Unconnected Connected

Study 2007- 2010 , 17 States, 50 Districts, 748 Habitation ( 3 years prior &after ): Publication

2011, CMI Social Research Centre , New Delhi , Ministry of Rural Development

% Households Reported Increase in Realized Prices of Agriculture Products

Study 2007- 2010 , 17 States, 50 Districts, 748 Habitation ( 3 years prior &after ):Publication 2011,

CMI Social Research Centre , New Delhi , Ministry of Rural Development

20

Cereals Vegetables, Fruits andOthers

9.49

34.59

13.59

46.64

Unconnected Habaitations Connected Habitations

4466 4428

5176 5014

7006

5221

2007 2009 2010

Connected Habitations Unconnected Habitations

Status of Household Income (in Rs.)

Study 2007- 2011 , 10 States, 33 Districts, 750 Habitation , 11,490 Households Publication 2012,

LEA Associates SA, New Delhi , Ministry of Rural Development

21

(57%)

(18%)

Kerala

Socio Economic Impacts

Health Services

22

HealthcareInstitutional Deliveries (Child Birth)

76%

24%

Before PMGSY

Home/ Conventional Institutional Delivery (Govt hospitals, PHC/CHC etc.)

57%

43%

After PMGSY

CMI Social

Research

Centre

LEA

Associates 33% 67%(2009)

51%

49%(2011)

23

Maternal Deaths and Infant Mortality

24

ADB Study- 2005-06 to 2007-08, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, Connected road- length of

550 km and serves 82 habitations.

-12.26

-7.98

-18.29

-10.28

-20

-18

-16

-14

-12

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

% Change in Maternal Deaths % Change in Mortaility Under 5 Yrs Age

Unconnected Connected

Socio Economic Impacts

Education

25

% Females Enrolled in Schools

26Study 2007- 2010 , 17 States, 50 Districts, 748 Habitation ( 3 years prior &after ): Publication

2011, CMI Social Research Centre , New Delhi , Ministry of Rural Development

Road Ahead

� Focus on Capacity Building through

orientations/trainings of field engineers.

� Relaxations for faster implementation in IAP areas.

� Engaging CPSUs under Tripartite agreement to augment

execution capacity.

� A Rural Road Maintenance Policy in all States to ensure

long term sustainability of road assets.

� State Quality Monitor (SQM) and National Quality

Monitor (NQM) inspections enhanced with use of IT

intervention to ensure qualitative improvement.

� Focus on cost effective technologies and marginal

materials in the rural road construction.

� Cluster approach in sanctioning projects in difficult areas

in place of Comprehensive New Connectivity Priority List

(CNCPL). 27

Socio Economic Impacts

Other Impacts

28

Rural Access

before PMGSY and After

29

Rural Access

before PMGSY and After

30

Rural Access

before PMGSY and After

31

Machinery & Equipments in PMGSY

32

INNOVATIONS

RCCP- Karnataka

Water conservation along CDs Gravel Roads

33

Hill Cutting in difficult terrainArunachal Pradesh

34

Earth Work in Plain Terrain

35

Field Quality Checks

36

Construction of Base Course

37

Bituminous Layer Construction

38

Roads Built in Forest Areas

M P

39

40