rfid based car parking system-final ver

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Automatic Car parking

Submitted By

Debasis Nayak Puspalata Pradhan Mamita Behuria Farha Yasmine Khan Sushanta Sethi Preetinanda Pattanaik

2 CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

BASIC COMPONENTS

HARDWARE WORKING

TYPES OF AUTOMATIC CAR PARKING

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

CONCLUSION

FUTURE SCOPE

REFERENCES

3 Introduction

TWO TYPES OF CAR PARKING

Traditional

Automated REQUIRES LESS SPACE IN AUTOMATIC CAR PARKING

REDUCES POLLUTION

TRADTIONAL CAR PARKING IS COSTLY PROCESSS

USES AVR MICRO CONTROLLER

USED TO OVERCOME TRAFFIC PROBLEMS

4 TRADTIONAL CAR PARKING

5 System overview

Parking system is based around micro controller and sensors

This process is quick and efficient.

6 POWER SUPPLY

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Power supply is the circuit from which we get a desired dc voltage to run the other circuits.

The voltage we get from the main line is 230V AC but the other components of our circuit require 5V DC.

Hence a step-down transformer is used to get 12V AC which is later converted to 12V DC using a rectifier.

The output of rectifier still contains some ripples even though it is a DC signal due to which it is called as Pulsating DC.

The 12V DC is rated down to 5V using a positive voltage regulator chip 7805. Thus a fixed DC voltage of 5V is obtained.

8 MICROCONTROLLER

A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated µC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable i/o peripherals.

Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in PCs or other general purpose applications.

9 Pin Configuration

10 Features 

  16KB of Flash memory

·     1KB of SRAM

·     512 Bytes of EEPROM

·     Available in 40-Pin DIP

·     8-Channel 10-bit ADC

·     Two 8-bit Timers/Counters

·     One 16-bit Timer/Counter

·     Digital to Analog Comparator.

11 LCD

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The display used here is 16x2 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display); this means 16 characters per line by 2 lines.

A very popular standard exists which allows us to communicate with the vast majority of LCDs regardless of their manufacturer.

The 44780 standard requires 3 control lines as well as either 4 or 8 I/O lines for the data bus. Here we are using 8-bit mode of LCD, i.e., using 8-bit data bus.

13 SENSORS

A sensor, as the name suggests, is used to sense any type of disturbances

A sensor can give analog as well as digital value.

A sensor also called a detector is a device which receives and responds to a signal.

A sensor's sensitivity indicates how much the sensor's output changes when the measured quantity changes.

14 IR SENSORS

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IR stands for “Infra Red”.

IR Sensor is a sensor that sends and detects IR Radiation/Signals.

Infrared radiation is the portion of electromagnetic spectrum having wavelengths longer than visible light wavelengths, but smaller than microwaves, i.e., the region roughly from 0.75µm to 1000 µm is the infrared region.

Infrared waves are invisible to human eyes.

These are of 3 types near infrared, mid infrared, far infrared

16 RFID Reader

17 Motor driver

18 Working To drive a motor we need some drivers which can amplify the 5v

voltage to 12v.

These days many IC manufacturers have H‐bridge motor driver available in the market like L293D is most used H‐ Bridge driver IC.

H‐bridge can also be made with the help of transistors and MOSFETs etc.

This IC is used to control the motor in forward, backward, left and right direction.

19 DC MOTOR

20 Hardware working TheATmega16is the brain of this whole hardware.

It reads the input signals and start sending the stepping sequences to the motor.

When the input beam of S1 is blocked motor start rotating in clockwise direction.

S1 indicates that a car has come.

The S2 sensor is used as the gate open limit sensor

when S2=ON it means gate is completely opened.

motor start rotating in counter clockwise direction, closing now.

Finally, when S3=ON it indicates that gate is completely closed now.

RFID card gives the signal that space is vacant for the car parking.

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22 ADVANTAGES

Over 5,000 parking systems in use worldwide.

Less Pollution

Security from Theft and Car Damages

Save you space, time & money

Simple structure, simple operation

Speedy system, moves smoothly, not noisy.

It can be constructed and implemented in residential areas.

Present smart card offers very low read range

23 LIMITATIONS

Parking lots also tend to be subject to contamination.

concentrated spots of pollutants such as motor oil.

preferred shaded parking spaces in the summer.

planting trees because of the extra cost of cleaning the parking lot .

24 CONCLUSION

Important factor in traffic areas

Automated without human being

motor plays a vital role

Display is used at every floor

Sensors are used for sensing the car.

25 Present Design

26 FUTURE SCOPE

27 REFERENCES

How car parking system works.

 Shannon Saunders McDonald “Automated Parking Saves Space in Tight places.

Parking systems http://www.directpark.de

Microcontrollers http://www.nxp.com

www.seminarsonly.com

www.101seminartopics.com

www.parking images.com

28 ANY QUERIES

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