rf survey ppt
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RF SURVEYA Site Survey and installation
Submitted To :
Mr. Ankit PatelSubmitted By: Yadav Kiran(020509079)
INTRODUCTIONIt is Collection of database from the Field
(According to the Customer Planned Region that is Nominal Point/ Reference the Area) for checking the feasibility of Cell Site , for deciding Coverage Region of Cell Site & for Deciding the Link/Connectivity with the another Cell Site.
TYPES OF RF SURVEYThere are three types of RF Surveys: Passive Survey Active Survey Predicative SurveyRF Survey can be done by two ways and
that are Blind Survey Nominal Survey
TOOLS USED DURING THE RF SURVEY
GPS Digital Camera Measuring Tape Map Info Software Magnetic Compass Altimeter
GPSThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is
a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS Receiver.
GPS PICTURE
DIGITAL CAMERADigital Camera is used to take the
pictures of the site and the position nearby , so that the whole area around the site can be analyzed. Pictures taken should be at the distance of 30 degree.
MEASURING TAPE It is used to measure the distance from
one point to other.
COMPASS It is used to analyse the direction, one
end of a compass needle will point to the North Pole.
ALTIMETERIt is used to determine the sea level. The distance of the site from the sea level
is measured by the altimeter.
IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE CHECKED DURING RF SURVEY Type of area- Residential/commercial Type of Population- Income wise. Any hilly areas or rivers or forest falling
& direction . Type of buildings available . Check for immediate obstructions . Check for coverage objectives
NOMINAL POINTSThis is a reference point given by the
customer for RF Survey work. This may be in any of the following forms:
Latitude and Longitude values. X and Y-Co-ordinates. North/East Co-ordinates. Area Name
TOWERTower is typically a tall structures
designed to support antennas for telecommunication. It is the most important part of the site installation, a tower has three sectors and the orientation is given by the help of the compass, the North is assumed as 0 degree and moving into the clockwise direction the sectors are named as A, B, C.
TYPES OF TOWERSThere are basically five types of towers,
which are mentioned below: Ground Base Tower(GBT). Roof Base Tower(RBT). Pole Mount Tower. Wall Mount Tower. Cow Site Tower.
TRANSMISSIONTo provide the connectivity between two
or more than two sites. Optical Fibre Cable is used VSAT- Satellite connection is used. Microwave Fibre and VSAT are avoided due to the
expenditure and cost.
MICROWAVE CONNECTIVITY
There are several ways to provide the microwave connectivity, some of them are described below:
Light: Laser are used. Balloon or Flags: Used to check the
status of the site. Binoculars: Used to see the distance of
one site from other site.
FACTORS AFFECTING CONNECTIVITY Line Of Site Height of the tree, water tank Chimney
of factory and bricks.The height of the tree is taken in between
10-15 m ideally.The height of the water tank and the
chimney is taken in between 15-18m.
LINE OF SITE(LOS) Area between any two microwave is
called LOS. Distance between any two microwaves
is called Hop Length. The frequency created in between the
two microwaves is called Fresnel zone.
LOS DETERMINING SOFTWARE TOOL
There are different kind of software tools used t determine the LOS and the most commonly used are mentioned below:
RL Tool Path ToolUsing these two tools we can determine
the LOS of the given site.
FACTOR AFFECTING LOS Altimeter sea level(AMSL) Earth Curvature:12.7d1.d2/K Fresnel Zone: 17.3√d1.d2/FD Obstacle Height d1= Distance from tower d2=distance from site K= Clearance factorF=frequencyD=total distance.
MICROWAVE ANTENNA The microwave antennas are round in
shape and they are used to maintain the connectivity between two tower and the diameter used are .2,.4,.6,1.2,1.8,2.4 depending upon the range of the transmission.
Usually .6 diameter is used in the cities and it covers 500m hop Length.
EARTHINGIt is necessary to dig a hole of 5-8m near
the site to provide grounding.There are several methods used to make
a perfect grounding Galvanized Iron Pipes: General form of
GI pipes are used. G I Plates Chemicals: These is not used because it
affect the fertility of the land.
CONCLUSIONThis is the processes used to survey and
install a site.It is a knowledgeable experience while
taking training in Arden Telecom Pvt. Ltd. under the guidance of Mr. Abhishek Chaudhary (Project Manager).
ThankyouTHANK YOU
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