referencing in latex

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Referencing in LaTex

Recall the following method of referencing

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Making references in LaTeX(fish.tex)

\documentclass{article}\begin{document}\emph{My mother} is a \underline{fish} \cite{WF}.

\begin{thebibliography}{99}\bibitem{WF}William Falkner, \emph{As I Lay Dying}\end{thebibliography}\end{document}

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Need to compile the document twice

• Because we are using symbolic references, e.g., \cite{WF}, – a second pass is necessary

• The second pass will resolve references

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Problem with this method

• User is burdened with deciding how to format article titles, journal names, proceeding references

• Difficult to reuse references in other documents

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Quick BibTex Tutorial

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BibTex Tutorial

• Why do you want to learn BibTex?

• Nuts and Bolts of BibTex

• Examples

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Why you want to learn BibTex

• Complements LaTeX documents by managing bibliography and references

• Minimizes the drudgery of formatting, numbering, and referencing

• Disadvantage:– Steep Learning Curve

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The BibTex Process

1. Create a BibTex file with Rerefence entries

2. Get a *.bst file (bibliographic style file)

3. “Compile” or “Build” your LaTeX document to create an *.aux file

4. Run BibTeX on your LaTeX file

5. Run LaTeX twice on your updated file

6. View the dvi or pdf file

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Types of Documents BibTex can handle

• ARTICLE• BOOK• BOOKLET• INBOOK• INCOLLECTION• INPROCEEDINGS• MANUAL

• MISC• PHDTHESIS• PROCEEDINGS• TECHREPORT• UNPUBLISHED

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Each Document type can have the following entries

• address• author• booktitle• chapter• crossref• edition• editor• howpublished• institution• journal• key• language

• month• note• number• organization• pages• publisher• school• series• title• type=“Ph.D. dissertation”• volume• year

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Sample BibTex Book Entry(mybib.bib)

@BOOK{Press,

author="W.H. Press",

title="Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing",

publisher="Cambridge University Press",

year=1992,

}

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Sample BibTex Technical Report Entry

@TECHREPORT{Berk,author="Lex A. Berk and L.S. Bernstein and D.C. Robertson",

title="MODTRAN: a moderate resolution model for LOWTRAN 7",

number="GL-TR-89-0122",institution="Spectral Science",address = "Burlington, MA",year = 1989}

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Sample BibTex Ph.D. Dissertation Entry

@PHDTHESIS{Kuo,author="Jan-Tai Kuo",title="The Influence of Hydrodynamic Transport on Phytoplankton Dynamics in Homogeneous Lakes",

school="Cornell University",address="Ithaca, NY",year=1981,}

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Sample BibTex Master’s Thesis Entry

@MASTERSTHESIS{Knobelspiesse,author="Kirk D. Knobelspiesse",title="Atmospheric Compensation for SeaWIFS Images of Lake Superior Utilizing Spatial Information",

school="Rochester Institute of Technology",addess="Rochester, NY",month=Sep,year=2000,}

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Sample BibTex Article Entry

@ARTICLE{Vodacek,author="Anthony Vodacek and F.E. Hoge and R.N. Swift and J.K. Yungel and E.T. Peltzer and N.V. Blough",

title="The use of in situ and airborne fluorescence measurements to determine UV absorption coefficients and DOC concentrations in surface waters",

journal="Limnology and Oceanography",volume=40,number=2,year=1995,pages="411--415",}

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Sample BibTex Booklet Entry

@BOOKLET{Sherwood,author="D.A. Sherwood",title="Phosphorus Loads Entering Long Pond, A Small Embayment of Lake Ontario near Rochester, New York",

howpublished="USGS Fact Sheet 128-99",pages=4,month="November",year=1999,}

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Sample BibTex Proceedings Entry

@INPROCEEDINGS{Stoermer,author="E.F. Stoermer",title="Nearshore phytoplankton populations in the Grand Haven, Michigan vicinity during thermal bar conditions",

booktitle="Proceedings of the 11th Conference on Great Lakes Research",

pages="137--150",year=1968,}

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Sample BibTex Manual Entry

@MANUAL{RSI,author="RSI",title="ENVI User's Guide",publisher="Reasearch Systems Incorporated",organization="Research Systems Incorporated",howpublished="PDF File",address="Boulder, CO",month="September",year=2001,}

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Different Formatting Styles

• To invoke a particular style, go to– http://www.ctan.org

• Document styles are defined in *.sty files– mla.sty– bmsplain.sty

• Bibliography styles are defined in *.bst files– mla.bst– amsplain.bst

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To invoke these styles in your document

• Copy them to your current working directory with your LaTeX and BibTex document

• Edit your LaTeX file to appropriately reference these style guides

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Sample LaTeX document listing Bibliography in MLA Style (bib.tex)

\documentclass{report}\usepackage{mla}\begin{document}

\bibliographystyle{mla}\bibliography{mybib}\nocite{*}

\end{document}

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Commands to Build and View Document

To use xdvi viewer

% latex bib.tex

% bibtex bib.aux

% latex bib.tex

% latex bib.tex

% xdvi bib.dvi

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Sample LaTeX document listing Bibliography in AMS Style (bib.tex)

\documentclass{report}

\begin{document}

\bibliographystyle{amsplain}

\bibliography{mybib}

\nocite{*}

\end{document}

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To include only cited articles we remove the \nocite{*}

command\documentclass{report}\begin{document}We want to get the documents \cite{RSI} and \cite{Kuo} for our collection

\bibliographystyle{amsplain}\bibliography{mybib}

\end{document}

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Cross-referencing in Proceedings

@PROCEEDINGS{Narayanan,editor="Ram Mohan Narayanan and James E. Kalshoven, Jr.",

title="Advances in Laser Remote Sensing for Terrestrial and Oceanographic Applications",

booktitle="Proceeding of SPIE",publisher="SPIE",volume=3059,year=1997,}

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Article in Proceedings

@INPROCEEDINGS{Ulrich,

author="B.L. Ulrich and P. Lacovara and S.E. Moran and M.J. DeWeert",

title="Recent results in imaging lidar",

crossref="Narayanan",

pages="95--108",

}

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Miscellaneous LaTeX Topics

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Comments in LaTeX

%– Ignores the rest of the line

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To protect special characters

• Use the \ character– e.g.

My\_Cat.raw

• To typeset a section as typed

\begin{verbatim}

\end{verbatim}

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Verbatim command

• OK for small sections that can be typed into document

• What about including entire source code of programs– Use verbatim package

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Including Source code in LaTeX documents

\documentclass{article}\usepackage{verbatim}\begin{document}

\begin{equation} \label{E:sum}s = \sum_{i=1}^{n}x_{i}\end{equation}

The code as implemented in idl in vectorized form looks like

\verbatiminput{sum.pro}

\end{document}

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Including image graphics into you LaTeX document

• Need to convert your image graphics into EPS • For images, use pnmtops, e.g.

% pnmtops –norotate –nosetpage MyCat.pgm > MyCat.ps

• -norotate keeps from auto-rotating the image• -nosetpage keeps from setting to a specific device• Need to include an extension package to LaTeX

called graphics using command\usepackage{graphics}

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Image Graphics Example(image.tex)

\documentclass{article}\usepackage{graphics}\begin{document}\begin{figure} \includegraphics{MyCat.ps}\caption{This is My Cat} \label{F:MyCat}

\end{figure}\end{document}

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Flowchart Figures

• Create Flowchart in PowerPoint• Export as a bmp file• Convert from bmp to postscript

% bmptoppm figure.bmp | pnmtops –norotate –nosetpage > figure.ps

• OR User xfig because it will export to EPS • Shareware utility called WMF2EPS

– Windows clipboard objects to EPS

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Because current pdflatex cannot include Encapsulated

Postscript Files (EPS)…

• Need to go from dvi to postscript to pdf using the following commands% dvips image.dvi

% ps2pdf image.ps

• Some degradation in quality is observed

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