red giants in the gaia-eso survey...the gaia-eso survey targets & scientific goals red giants in the...

Rodolfo Smiljanic&

the Gaia-ESO Survey Consortium

Dep. of AstrophysicsNicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center

Toruń, Poland

Red Giants in theGaia-ESO Survey

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

● The Gaia-ESO Survey● Targets & Scientific Goals ● Red Giants in the Survey● Data Analyses and Data Releases● Early Results from the Sample of Giants

TOPICS

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Gaia-ESOhttp://www.gaia-eso.eu/

● Public Spectroscopic Survey

● Two Co-PIs: G. Gilmore (IoA Cambridge, UK) S. Randich (Obs. Arcetri, Italy)

● FLAMES multi-fiber facility at the 8m UT2/VLT

● Aims to observe >105 Galactic stars

● 300 nights allocated for 4 years (+ 1?)

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Gaia-ESO

● Around 300 CoIs from 90 Institutes.

● Astrophysical dataproducts to be released

● Huge collaborationwith a huge task!

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

The FLAMES Instrument

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

● A Fiber positioner with two plates (FoV of 25' diameter).● 132 fibers of 1.2 arcsec connected to Giraffe.● 8 fibers of 1.0 arcsec connected to UVES.

● Giraffe: medium-high resolution spectrograph R ~ 20000HR10, 15N, 21: λλ 533-562, 647-679, 848-900 nm

● UVES: high-resolution echelle spectrographR ~ 47000#580 nm set up (λλ 476-684 nm)

The FLAMES Instrument

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Gaia-ESOhttp://www.gaia-eso.eu/

● All Galactic components (halo, bulge, thick and thin disks)● Sample of ~100 open clusters● Selected calibration samples

● PMS, MS and Giants● OBAFGKM-types

● Multiple goals!

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Scientific Goals

● Formation and evolution of the Milky Way, its stars and stellar populations.

● Kinematics and abundances

● Dynamical evolution of open clusters (birth to disruption).

● Stellar evolution.● Halo substructures.● Nature of the bulge.● Formation of the thin

and thick disks.

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

It will observe 109 stars!!! (down to I ~ 20)

Gaia is coming!

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

● 109 objects (26 x 106 with V < 15, 250 x 106 with V < 18)

● Positions and proper motions better than 25μas at V=15● Parallax error of 25μas at V=15● RV error of 15 km/s at V=17● Thousands of OCs (mean distances to 1%)● Observations of clusters in the LMC (~ 200 μas)● 80 GCs (+1000 stars) within 10kpc (mean distances to 1%)● Discovery of 105-106 asteroids● For stars within 200 pc, discover every Jupiter size planet with

period between 1.5 - 9 years

● Spectra with R ~ 11500 of 1.5 x 108 stars with V < 17, around 870nm

What can Gaia do?

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

What can we do for Gaia?

Gaia has limited spectroscopic capabilities

● Final σRV

~ 1 km/s for a G5V star with V=14, σRV

~ 5 km/s at V = 18; for hot stars σ

RV ~ 10 km/s at V = 16.

● Estimates of [Fe/H] and [alpha/Fe] for stars brighter than V~12.

Gaia-ESO: adds the spectroscopic information.

● Better RV precision.● Detailed abundances down to V ~ 16 (UVES).● At least [Fe/H] and [alpha/Fe] down to V~19 (Giraffe) –

possibly more elements.

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

What can we do for Gaia?

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

(Gilmore et al. 2012)

Gaia-ESO Targets

1. Open Clusters

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

● Sample of ~100 OCs● In all phases of evolution

(~1 Myr to ~10 Gyr)● Covering the age-[Fe/H]-

radial distance-mass space● Complete members

(from OB to M-type stars)● UVES for brighter and key

objects (down to V ~ 16.5)● GIRAFFE for all others

(down to V ~ 19)

Gaia-ESO Targets

2. Field stars:

● Bulge: K giants (Giraffe); bright giants in low-extinction regions (UVES)

● Halo/Thick disks: mainly turn-off stars (Giraffe) giants in the outer disk, flare, warp, streams... (Giraffe)

● Thin disk: arm, inter-arm, near-bar line of sights (Giraffe only RV)

● Solar neighborhood: >5000 FG-type stars (< 2 kpc) (UVES)

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Gaia-ESO Targets

3. Calibration fields:

● Gaia Benchmark Stars (Giraffe & UVES)

● CoRoT fields (Giraffe & UVES)

● Well studied OCs and GCs (Giraffe & UVES)

● Targets of other Surveys(Giraffe & UVES)

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Benchmark Stars

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

● Used to validate the analyses

● Stars with fundamentalparameters

● Observed by GES, or from a spectral library

Red Giants in GES

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

● Old- and intermediate age open clusters (> 100 Myr)Clump giants with UVES

● Bulge K giants with Giraffe

● Inner disk/BulgeClump giants with UVES (search for metal-poor stars)

● Outer disk, halo-thick disk substructuresBright giants with Giraffe

● Globular clusters (calibration)UVES and Giraffe

● CoRoT fields (calibration)UVES and Giraffe

Analyses & Data Products

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Analyses & Data Products

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

WG11: Analyses of UVES spectra of FGK-type starsco-coordinators: A. Korn (Upsala) & R. Smiljanic (CAMK)

● 60+ people from 20+ different institutes (14 FTEs)● Analysis of 5000+ stars (giants and dwarfs, field and clusters)● ~13 different Nodes (multiple analyses)

● Receive: reduced UVES spectra, photometric information, RV and vsini.

● Deliver: atmospheric parameters, abundances, equivalent widths, chromospheric activity with errors, quality flags, and method-to-method dispersion.

● Li, C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Ca, Ti, Cr, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Mo, Ce, and Dy

Science VerificationNumbers

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

● 6 months of data (up to June 2012)

UVES (FGK-type stars):● 421 stars with atmospheric parameters

271 MW / 98 OC / 52 CAL● 147 with log g

First Public ReleaseUVES FGK-type

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Early Science

● For early science, a bit of everything was observed

● OCs: stellar evolution, internal kinematics, membership, PMS, hot-stars, etc...

● GCs: stellar evolution, GC formation● Bulge: search for metal-poor stars, inner disk chemical

composition● Thick disk: formation, scale lengths● Halo: substructures, peculiar stars

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Early Science

● Stellar Evolutionwith OCs

● Abundances of Li, C, N, O, and Na

● Red: GES● Blue: Smiljanic 2012● Black: Smiljanic et al. (2009)

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Early Science

● Stellar Evolutionwith OCs

● Li-rich giants in an OC

● Help to constrain the evolutionary stage ofthese objetcs.

Globular clusters: abundances (anti-)correlations.

● GCs for CAL. but also Science

● Red giants with UVES

● Li, C, N, O, Na, Al...

● NGC2808: [Fe/H] = -1.07, age = 12-13 Gyr

Early Science

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Dig Sites of Stellar Archaeology: Giant Stars in the Milky Way, Izmir, Turkey, 4-6 Sep. 2013

Summary

● GES is an exciting project that will deliver a lot!!

● Data and results are public!● Semester releases of reduced data.● First annual release of advanced data products in ~ June 2014● Final release: Dec. 2017 or 2018 (extension?)

● Products: Atmospheric parameters, abundances, chromospheric activity, radial velocities, reduced data, auxiliary data, errors

● Many opportunities, data for different goals, OCs, GCs, MW field● OBAFGKM-type stars● Many red giants!

http://www.gaia-eso.eu/

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