question #1 –economy in state of adjustment soldiers returning home faced unemployment wartime...

Question #1– Economy in state of adjustment

• Soldiers returning home faced unemployment• Wartime orders decrease; hurting farmers and

factory workers– Fearful of outsiders/Nativism – Isolationism – policy of pulling away in foreign

affairs

Question #2

• Red Scare: Fear of Communism• Begins in 1919 – after WWI• There had been a Communist Revolution in

Russia

Question #3

• Palmer Raids: nationwide raids to round up suspected “Reds” (communists)

Question #4

• Sacco and Vanzetti were anarchists that dodged the draft

• Convicted of murder – sentenced to death• Many believe they were killed because of

their heritage and beliefs (not the crime)

Question #5

• Nativism – prejudice against foreign-born people

• Policy made Congress limit immigration

Question #6

• Devoted to “100 percent Americanism” which it considered to be English, Protestant heritage

• Hostile to African Americans, Catholics, Jews, foreigners, and any other group it judged to be immoral or un-American

Question #7

• Quotas – limits on immigration• People believed that now there were fewer

jobs, fewer immigrants should be allowed to enter the US

• Immigrants from the Western Hemisphere were not included in the Quota

Question #8

• During WWI, people were not allowed to go on strike, so after the war people were still upset with working conditions

• Wanted an increase in pay

Question #9

• Immigrants worked for less • Most unions did not allow African Americans

to join

Question #10

• Given a bad label so the public will support boss, not workers

• If they organized as a union/strike, it looked like they were planning a “revolt”

Question #12

• Keep taxes down for business • Keep government interference low (laissez-

faire type policies)• Increase tariffs (helped support American

business)

Question #13

• New roads must be built – Route 66• Houses came with garages• New gas stations, repair shops, motels, tourist

camps, shopping centers• Farming families could drive to the cities

Allowed families to vacation in new places• Urban sprawl

Question #14

• Prohibition banned alcohol• Began with a movement to promote

morals/healthy behavior• Effect – organized crime, bootlegging,

speakeasies, increase in bars

Question #15

• John Scopes was arrested for teaching about evolution

• Shows the huge clash btwn. fundamentalists/traditional values and changing/liberal ideas

Question #16

• Women’s traditional role as wife and mother changed

• Working!• More free time b/c of new inventions

(vacuum, washing machine) • Some became flappers• Shorter hair and skirts• 19th Amendment – gained the right to vote

Question #17

• Great Migration – movement of African Americans from farms/rural areas in the south to cities/urban areas in the north

• Cause: better factory jobs in north, failure of crops and racial discrimination in the south

• Effect: racial tension in the north, overcrowded cities, Harlem Renaissance

Question #18

• a cultural movement in 1920s America during which black art, literature, and music experienced renewal and growth, originating in New York City's Harlem district

Question #19

• Italy – Mussolini took over as dictator• Germany – Hitler failed to overthrow gov’t

– Jailed for 9 months– Wrote Mein Kampf

Question #20

• New electrical appliances• Running water – more baths!• Electricity – safer than gas.

Labor Unrest

• 1919 – 3,000 strikes with more than 4 million ppl. walking off the job

• Employers started labeling their workers “communist”

• Said they were planning a revolution

Boston Police Strike - 11

• Police, national guard, governor• Denied rights to unionize• Police asked for a raise and were fired –

remaining police went on strike• Coolidge (gov) called in national guard• People praised Coolidge for saving ppl. from

Communism and anarchy

Steel Mill Strike - 11

• Workers, police, President• Wanted collective bargaining rights (ability to

negotiate with the boss)• U.S. Steel Corporation refused to meet with

workers – so they went on strike• Striking workers were beaten by police and

called Communists• 3 years later they gained 8 hour day

Coal Miner’s Strike - 11

• John Lewis (president of the United Mine Workers), workers, President Wilson

• Workers went on strike for better pay and less hours

• Attorney General got a court order to send workers back into the mines

• Secretly, they kept striking and Wilson intervened and workers got a 27% raise.