quality control and quality assurance in the uk greenhouse gas inventory and the establishment of...
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Quality Control and Quality Assurance in the UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory and the Establishment of the National
Inventory System
02-03 September 2004, EEA, Copenhagen
Sarah Baggott (National Environmental Technology Centre - netcen -
Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 3ED, UK)
Overview of presentation
Summary of QA/QC plan in the UK QC in the UK inventory QA activities Quality Manual Verification of the inventory Quality Management System Resources National Inventory System
QA/QC programme and plan (i)
Netcen is responsible for coordinating QA/QC activities
Current system complies with the Tier 1 procedures outlined in the Good Practice Guidance (IPCC, 2000)
Activities carried out each year as the inventory is compiled include:- Documentation- Database entry- Checking- Recalculation- Uncertainties- Archiving
Future: Compliance with Tier 2 procedures
QA/QC programme and plan (ii)
-log, number all incoming data
-check data against previous years
-use colour coding in spreadsheets
-Full referencing
-check units, time series consistency
-second person check
-document on QA/QC page
-methodology-online manual
-Time series consistency
-sector/pollutant expert check
-Global check
-Explain large changes
-Database fuel totals-vs-National statistics
-Database-read only
-mass balance checks
-check database CRF output
-CRF totals
-check for large changes from previous year
-check tables and numbers
-Second person check
-database files
-spreadsheet files
-source data
-manuals
-report
Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
Data collection
Spreadsheet Development D
ata
base
en
try
CR
F t
ab
les National Inventory
Report Preparation
Archiving
Ongoing/year-round activities
-Peer reviews
-review of emission factors
Quality Control (i)
IPCC define quality control as
- a system of routine technical activities to measure and control the quality of the inventory as it is being developed
Quality Control (ii)
Core elements of Quality Control:
Referencing What data is used Where does it come from
Documentation How is data used What assumptions are used
Checking Are the results robust/Defendable Identify errors
What is used?
How is it used?
Are we Sure?
Quality Control (iii)
Documentation Contacts Database On-line manual of methodologies National Inventory Report
Core Database and spreadsheets Interlinked Single repository (UNFCCC & UNECE)
Checking/Review Procedures Mass balance checks within the spreadsheets Fuel entries in the database against DUKES totals Year to year, sector by sector - need to explain any
changes
Quality Control (iv)
Recalculation Revisions to methodologies mean emissions for all previous years
re-calculated Uncertainties
Assessment made following IPCC ‘good practice’ guidelines (Tier 1/2)
Archiving After each reporting cycle, all database files, spreadsheets,
electronic documents ‘frozen’ and archived Lektreiver holds most paper records and has associated database
Computer records For key databases, 60 minute rolling backup
QA/QC of data suppliers- Requesting details of procedures from data suppliers- 1-1 meetings with major data providers
Referencing & Documentation
Data Request:(referenced)
Data Source:
Contacts DB:Who, What, When
Raw Data:From, What, When Emission Factors:
(referenced)
Activity Stats.:(referenced)
Emission:EF reference
Activity Reference
Documentation(referenced)
Reports(referenced)
Checking
Data Request: Raw Data:
Compilation: Dissemination:
Data checked on receipt
Checking before use
CoverageUnitsSourcesMass balance checks
Annual Compilation Checks
Pre-Delivery Checks
MethodologyConsistency vs Last yearConsistency between UNECE/UNFCCCExternal data sourcesEnergy BalanceActivity data consistency
Sector aggregationInclusions/ExclusionsReporting formatsConsistency between UNECE/UNFCCC
Emissions
Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance (QA) activities- include a planned system of review procedures conducted by personnel not directly involved in the inventory compilation/development
Independent Review- Peer review- In-depth review
Selection of ‘special’ QA activities 2002-2004
Verification of the halocarbon inventory Met. Office
Review of halocarbon estimates AEAT
Peer Review of fuel combustion sources of CO2 Tim Simmons
Review of landfill CH4 emissions Nottingham University
In Depth Review (IDR) of 3NC UNFCCC
ISO 9002 2000 audit by Lloyds
Quality Manual
On-line manual
Contains instructions on all aspects of compiling the inventory
QA/QC section explaining what checks need to be carried out and when
Verification
Verification of emissions is carried out by the UK Met. Office High frequency observations of the Kyoto gases are carried out
at Mace Head (Ireland) Lagrangian dispersion model (NAME) used to estimate emissions
Table shows verification of the UK emissions inventory estimates 2000-2002 (3 year average) in Gg yr-1
Gas NAME GHGI
CH4 2500 2200
N2O 110 137
HFC-134a 1.38 2.93
HFC-152a 0.07 0.17
Quality Management System (i)
Inventory has been subject to ISO 9000 since 1994 (it is now subject to BS EN ISO 9001:2000)-emphasis placed on authorisation of personnel to work on inventories, document control, data tracking, spreadsheet checking and project management
Audited by Lloyds and the AEAT internal QA auditors
Also subject to an internal QMS designed specifically for the Inventory
Quality Management System (ii)
Integration of QMS into Inventory preparation:
1. Spreadsheet Checks
2. Database checks
3. CRF checks
4. National Inventory Report checks
Resources needed for QA/QC and QMS
People- Expertise (sector and pollutant) in order to conduct checks- Appropriate expertise for reviews
Time- Spreadsheets and database population take longer- To meet strict deadlines, large team needed for busy periods
UNFCCC15 April
EU MONITORING MECHANISM
15th January & 31 March
Inventory Compilation &
QA/QC
Data GatheringChecking
InterpretationCalculation
DEFRAS
tatis
tical
Dat
aset
s
(AEA Technology:- netcen)
Energy & Fuel Statistics
(DTI)
Pollution Inventory(Environment
Agency)
Transport Statistics(DfT)
Emission Factors(IPCC Guidelines)
UnOffical Datasets:
Industry & NGO’s(UKPIA, UKOOA
Other Trade Associations,
Individual Companies)
Emission FactorsGuidebooks &
Literature
Official Datasets:
Unofficial Datasets:
LLUCF inventory(CEH/FC/DEFRA)
Agricultural Inventory(IGER/DEFRA)
Other Inventory Development(Contracts/DEFRA)
MO
U*
Dev
elop
men
t (20
05/6
)M
OU
* D
evel
opm
ent (
2004
/5)
UK
Em
ission Inventory Database
Def
ra C
ontr
acts
CRF
NIR
Key
Controlled Data Flow
Data Quality Agreements
Data Sources:
Xxx...
DEFRA’s Zone of Authority
AEA Technology Zone of Authority
UK National Inventory System (DEFRA)
* MOU = Memorandum of Understanding
National Inventory System (ii)
Degree of formalisation, legal character (MOU’s):
- Establishment of a formal agreement between Defra and data providers, defining and allocating specific responsibilities and requirements. (e.g.Choice of methods, activity data, emission factors, QA/QC)
Sector Existing arrangements Legal requirements?
Energy and fuel statistics Digest of UK Energy Statistics (DUKES)
Formal agreement with DTI on format and timing of data required
Transport statistics Transport statistics of GB Agreement with DfT on vehicle fleet data
Industrial processes EA Pollution Inventory, industrial sectors
Formal agreement with EA, agreements with industrial sectors
Fugitive emissions SCOPEC Inventory Formal agreement with UKOOA
LUCF National inventory of woodland and trees, land use change stats
Formal agreement with Forestry Commission and ODPM
Agriculture and Waste Agriculture in the UK, June census,Waste Management Strategy
Internal Defra procedures and formal agreement with EA
Acknowledgements
GHGI – funded by Defra and Devolved Administrations
Jim Penman – Defra Project Officer John Watterson – GHGI Project Manager
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