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Pumping Apparatus Driver/Operator Handbook
3rd Edition
Chapter 1 — Types of Apparatus Equipped with a Pump
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Describe fire department pumpers.
Learning Objective 1
1–1
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Water sources
Apparatus internal tank
Fire hydrantStatic water
source
LakePortable
water tank
Fire department pumpers provide adequate water pressure for effective fire streams.
1–2
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Pumper design requirements are contained in NFPA® 1901.
1–3
Minimum tank
capacity
300 gal
(1 200 L)
Minimum pump
capacity
750 gpm
(3 000 L/min)
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Intake and discharge pump
connections
Pump controls and gauges
Variety of hose and nozzle sizes
and types
The apparatus must be equipped with certain items in addition to a fire pump.
1–4
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Ground ladders
SCBAForcible
entry tools
Salvage tools and
equipment
Portable water tank
Emergency medical
equipment
Modern pumpers carry a variety of portable equipment.
1–5
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Rescue pumpers combine the functions of a rescue company with a department pumper.
1–6
Medical Rescue Extrication
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Many pumpers can discharge foam on Class A and Class B fire.
1–7
Foam
Plain water
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Around-the-pump, direct injection, balanced pressure foam proportioning systems
CAFS
Balanced pressure proportioning systems
Fire pumps 750-3,000 gpm (3 000 L/min to 12 000 L/min) or greater
Large onboard tank of foam concentrate
Fixed foam/water turret
Some municipal and industrial departments use foam pumpers with additional equipment.
1–8
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NOTE
Some apparatus may have foam proportioning systems that exceed the capacity of the apparatus and may be supported by other pumpers.
1–9
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Smaller tanks
• 20 to 100 gallons (80 L to 400 L)
•Designed to be refilled directly from 5 gallon (20 L) containers
Foam proportioning systems on municipal fire pumpers are scaled down versions of industrial pumpers.
1–10
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REVIEW QUESTION
What are common requirements for fire department pumpers?
1–11
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Describe initial attack fire apparatus.
Learning Objective 2
1–12
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Initial fire attack apparatus are scaled-down versions of full-size pumpers.
1–13
Mini-pumper or midi-pumper
Often used to respond to incidents in areas with limited accessCo
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REVIEW QUESTION
What are some characteristics of initial attack fire apparatus?
1–14
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Describe mobile water supply apparatus.
Learning Objective 3
1–15
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Mobile water supply apparatus transport water to areas where a water system is nonexistent or inadequate.
1–16
Also known as water tenders or tankers
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Terrain
Bridge and weight limits
Monetary constraints
Interoperability
The capacity of mobile water supply apparatus is based on a variety of factors.
1–17
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Adequate but reasonable water capacity
Efficient fill and dump time
Suspension and steering matched to terrain requirements
Properly sized chassis
Adequately sized engine for vehicle size and terrain
The design and construction process of mobile apparatus should meet certain safety and efficiency requirements.
1–18
(Cont.)
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Sufficient braking ability for vehicle and terrain
Proper tank mounting and baffling
Adequate tank venting system
Ability to dump water from either side or rear of apparatus
The design and construction process of mobile apparatus should meet certain safety and efficiency requirements.
1–19
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Stationary reservoir (nurse tender)
Used in mobile shuttle
operation
Mobile water supply apparatus have two basic functions on the fireground.
1–20
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REVIEW QUESTION
What are the two basic functions of mobile water supply apparatus on the fireground?
1–21
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Distinguish among specialty fire apparatus.
Learning Objective 4
1–22
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Combating wildland fires requires all-terrain apparatus that are lightweight and highly maneuverable.
1–23
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• Often mounted on one-ton or larger chassis with all-wheel drive
• Known as brush trucks, brush breakers, or booster apparatus
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Allows apparatus to be driven while discharging water
Separate motor or PTO to power the fire pump
A pump and roll system is an advantage when combating wildland fires.
1–24
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WARNING
Riding on the outside of the apparatus may result in death or severe injury.
1–25
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Hoses
Booster
Forestry
Small diameter attack
Nozzles
Ground sweep
Remote controlled
Foam systems
CAFS
Class A
Most wildland fire apparatus will be equipped with additional equipment.
1–26
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Aircraft rescue and fire fighting apparatus may be used on or off airport property.
1–27
Assist municipal departments with large scale flammable liquid incidents
• Immediate suppression of flammable liquid fires
• Suppression of vapors from fuel spills
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Fireboats are used to protect hazards on and adjacent to waterways.
1–28
Ice and water rescue
Emergency medical services
Relay pumping to land-based apparatus
Fire fighting
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Additional benefits on the fireground
May function with capabilities of engine or ladder company
Should be positioned with consideration of the reach of aerial device
Quints are equipped with fire pump, water tank, hose, aerial device, and ground ladders
Some aerial apparatus are equipped with fire pumps.
1–29
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Extinguish small fires
Provide protective hoselines at extrication and other incidents
May feature foam equipment
Do not have firefighting capabilities of a full-sized pumper
Some ambulances may be equipped with small pumps
Some rescue vehicles may be equipped with small fire pumps and tanks.
1–30
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Trailer-mounted pumps are uncommon in most municipal fire departments, but are suitable for long-term operations.
1–31
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REVIEW QUESTION
What are some types of specialty fire apparatus and their uses?
1–32
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Identify apparatus-mounted special systems.
Learning Objective 5
1–33
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Apparatus are often equipped with electric power generation equipment.
1–34
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PortableFixed
There are two types of electric power generators used in emergency services.
1–35
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Driver/operators must be proficient in the setup and operation of scene lighting.
1–36
Portable
• 300 to 1,000 watts
• Advantageous where illumination is needed away from apparatus
• Telescoping stands
Fixed
• May be raised, lowered or turned
• Some mounted on booms
• 500 to 1,500 watts
• Only connect to generators that can handle wattage load
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WARNING
To avoid electric shock, follow the manufacturer's guidelines and local policy regarding use of electrical equipment.
1–37
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Extension cords and other electrical equipment are commonly stored on pumping apparatus.
1–38
Extension cords
AdaptersJunction boxes
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Common rescue tools
Extrication equipment
Combination spread and shear tools
Extension rams
Some pumping apparatus may be equipped with rescue tools.
1–39
Tools powered by portable or apparatus mounted systems
Hydraulic pressureCompressed air or apparatus
power take-off system
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REVIEW QUESTION
What are the two types of electric power generators used in emergency services operations?
1–40
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