protein synthesis, by chance blair

cell

NucleusCytoplasm

message

DNA

DNA

DNA

DNA

DNA

mRNA

Promoter region

Coding region

Termination sequence

mRNA

mRNA

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

RNA Polymerase

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

mRNA

A=redG=orangeC=BlueT=yellowU=Green

Nuclear pore

Translated mRNA

Cytoplasm

mRNA

Nuclear pore

mRNAribosome

Start codon

Ribosome

serine

Threonine

serine

Threonine

tRNA

Anticodons

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Peptide bond

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

Threonine

ATP

Valine

Histidine

Valine

Histidine

Valine

Histidine

Valine

Histidine

Valine

Histidine

Valine

Histidine

Valine

Histidine

Valine

Histidine

Valine

Valine

Valine

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

Stop

codon

d

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

Polypeptide chain

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

Stop

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

d

Completed Protein

Summary Summary

The cell receives a message that tells it to make a protein. So the DNA within the cell unwinds, and begins to make strands of mRNA. Then the mRNA is transcribed by RNA polymerase, and give it codon pairs. Whenever it is finished, it leaves the cells nucleus via nuclear pore. It has now entered the cytoplasm. A ribosome approaches and attaches itself to a single strand of mRNA, and begins reading (translating) the mRNA to make the amino acids necessary to make a protein. When the ribosome reaches the stop codon on the mRNA, it forms a polypeptide chain. The Polypeptide chain then compresses itself and forms the need protein. The protein then leaves to carry out it’s designated duties.