project report about recycling

Project Report about Recycling

INTERNAL SUPERVISOR

DR.GUL-E-SAMANSUBMITTED BYNeelam Alla-U-DinShahzeem RoshanRozina Zahir UllahWagma SaleemGROUP#5READERSSEMESTER:2nd

SUBMISSION DATE:08th JANUARY,2013SHAHEED BENAZIR BHUTTO WOMEN UNIVERSITYLARRAMA CAMPUS PESHAWAR

Letter of Undertaking We are students of SHAHEED BENAZIR BHUTTO WOMEN UNIVERSITY hereby confirm that the project REPORT we have provided is solely our own effort. we have not copy my report partially or completely from any other student or from any other source either against payment or free and we have not provided plagiarized material in any section of our report. we further confirm that the documents that we have provided are genuine and have been issued by the authorized person in the organization. If we are found guilty of misstating, misleading or concealing the facts about our activities at any stage, the institution is authorized to take disciplinary action against us according to policies and regulations. Name: Neelam Alla-u-Din Signature __________________Name: Shahzeem Roshan Signature __________________Name: Rozina Zahir Ullah Signature __________________Name: Wagma Saleem Signature __________________

Date: 08th January,2013

CERTIFICATE I Mr. /Ms CNIC No Serving in the university / Institute / Department As and performed as Internal Supervisor of the student Mr. / Ms for this Thesis /Recycling Project. Titled: I hereby certify that; a. The Thesis / recycling Project has been thoroughly checked and found free from grammatical mistakes. b. The Thesis / Recycling is free from plagiarism. c. Soft copy of this Thesis / Recycling is sent herewith.

Internal Supervisor 5

DEDICATION At first dedicating this work to Almighty ALLAH, without his mercy and sympathy we were not able to accomplish this work. we also dedicated this work to my

Parents At first dedicating this work to Almighty ALLAH, without his mercy and sympathy we were not able to accomplish this work. we also dedicated this work to my

Teachers Because they always guided me towards rite path of success. 6

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT “Many people have contributed in the successful completion of our project report. Our great appreciation goes to the whole team of SHAHEED BENAZIR BHUTTO WOMEN UNIVERSITY PESHAWAR Pakistan, who provided us every kind of help in completion of our project report. We also thank the faculty guidance in every field. Last but not the least we would like to thank our respected parents who provided us love and support that made us work hard on this report.” 7

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The requirement of MASTER program is to submit an project report of the Recycling, in which we apply our knowledge and expertise. Our project duration was for 8 weeks. We worked as an Researcher’s. we did survey in this project to aware and familiar and also know the opinion about that techniques which are defined in the survey forms. For this purpose we required the NAME OF PARTICIPANT, their E-mail ID, Age, NAMEOF INSTITUTE, DEPARTMENT and their signatures. In this report,So for this purpose we made a consent form to get their trust for filling the questioner for completion of this survey the snapshots are:

Chapter#11.1 INTRODUCTION OF RECYCLING. In Introduction, we discuss that how Waste materials can Recycle into new materials and after studying the procedure during survey who is Strongly agree, Agree, Neutral, and Disagree with that recycling. Recycling is processing used material (waste) into new products to prevent waste of potentially in useful materials, reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reduce energy usage, reduce air pollution and water pollution by reducing the need for " conventional" waste disposal, and lower greenhouse gas emissions as compared to virgin production.

1.1.1 PURPOSE :

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of recycling on the environment.

1.1.2 SCOPE

Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction and is the third component of the” Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle” waste hierarchy. we clean the environment from wastes and efficiently utilize the old things and through some proper specific procedure change them into new material.

Chapter#2

1.2 OVERVIEW:

Basically three types of recycling are possible or exist.

1.2.1:Solid Recycling

1.2.2:Liquied Recycling

1.2.3:Gas Recycling

chapter#3

1.3 Requirements specification of Project

1.3.1 SYSTEM FUNCTIONS REQUIRMENTS:

In this functional survey activity we are conducting awareness and knowing opinion of different users about recycling and different recycling techniques. In which we are only focusing of Solid Recycling and its techniques and Liquid Recycling Techniques. We are not concern with Gas Recycling and its Techniques.

1.3.2 USER CHARACTERISTICS:

For this purpose according the investigator order execuation we have required data and point of view of twenty Teachers and twenty Students of Shaheed Benazir Buhtto Women University Peshawar KPK Pakistan.

1.3.3 GENERAL CONSTRAINTS:

According to the investigator order execuation the first constraints is that in this project we are only focusing on Solid and Liquid Recycling Techniques. We have no concern about Gas recycling.

The second constraints is the number of user or participants not more than fourty.

1.3.4 REQUIREMENTS DETAIL:

For this project we first find out all the solid and liquid recycling techniques from internet.

Then we made a proper questioner along with consent form to get the users trust and attention

Then conduct a proper survey for it. We took one week in this all data collection and filling the questioner from users.

1.3.5 HARDWARE INTERFACES:

For completing this project we have required Pc system scanner to scan all the collected data into computer and attach this received scan copy from real hard copy with specific users record in our database program.

1.3.6 SOFTWARE INTERFACES :

To put all the collected data in a proper database we have required an Ms.Access program S/W in our computer in which we can manipulate the collected data. Then we attached all the scan

copies of user survey forms through OLE object option in Ms.Access package program. And same for ERD and DFD Questioner attachment.

1.3.7 COMMUNICATION INTERFACES:

According to our database we make some queries through which we can interface with our database that through queries we can perform insert update extract delete etc operation in our database. That we can easily extract the desirable students or teachers record from our database.

CHAPTER#4

1.4.1 ERD(entity relationship Diagram) Entity relationship diagram (ERD) is a kind of diagram for presenting visually the structure of relational database. In this tutorial we will make use of ERD to model the database structure of a simple bus route management system.

1.4.2DFDs

A data flow shows the flow of information from its source to its destination. A data flow is represented by a line, with arrowheads showing the direction of flow. Information always flows to or from a process and may be written, verbal or electronic. Each data flow may be referenced

by the processes or data stores at its head and tail, or by a description of its contents.

CHAPTER#5 1.5.1 DESIGN NORMALIZATION:

In our designed database there is no redundant data, no repeating groups, no functional dependencies it purely consistent so Normalization is not required.

1.5.2 DENORMALIZATION:

As there are no Normalization so no need for denormalization.

CHAPTER#6

1.6.1 Implementation/Physical Design (Interfaces/Snapshots of forms /reports/Web

Pages etc.)

1.6.2 DATABASE DESIGN AND DATA ENTRY:

1.6.3QUESTIONER TABLE:

1.6.4 QUESTION/CHOICE TABLE

1.6.5 PARTICIPANT ANSWERS CHOICE ENTERIES:

1.6.6 FORMS FOR EACH RECORD:

And similarly show form rcord for all.

1.6.7REPORT FOR WHOLE DATABASE:

Similarly show for whole database.

CHAPTER#7

1.7.1QUALITY ASSURANCE:

Quality Assurance can be measure by Queries. If designed queries give the specific desirable result

and data can easily manipulate mean extract update through these queries then its mean that

database is designed accurately.

1.7.2 RELATIONSHIP DETAIL:

As our whole database the the participant table the questioner table question choice table

question/answers table of participant are inter related the one primary key is use as a secondary key

in another table so the relationship shows as:

CHAPTER#7

1.7.1:STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF PARTICIPANT TABLE:

Recycling

studentteachers

1.7.2 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF PARTICIPANT CHOICES:

P_CHOICE A1A2A3A4A5

CHAPTER#8

1.8.1 RESULTS/ CONCLUSION/OUTCOME OF PROJECT:

At the end we reach at that conclusion that Although at somehow Recycling is the best way to

efficiently optimize and organize the wasts. But after knowing the different users opinion in some

of them said Recycling Compositing Biodegradable waste Recycling are not good type of

Recycling.

CHAPTER#9

References:-

o "Removing food remains to reduce waste". Recycling-guide.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-09-25.

o "PSC.edu". PSC.edu. Retrieved 2012-09-25.o Sorting through garbage for gold, retrieved 2009-11-24

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Accessed 13.11.06 California to electronics industry: No toxins for you! Nate Anderson, (2006)

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Accessed 16.11.06 Steel: The Foundation of a Sustainable Future Sustainability Report of the World

Steel Industry 2005, Accessed 16.11.06 Shipbreaking, Greenpeace, accessed 8.11.06 UK in 'frightening' reliance on foreign textile sorting, www.letsrecycle.com,

Accessed 8.11.06

^ Councils "need to understand" importance of textile quality, www.letsrecycle.com, Chartered

Institute of Wastes Management UK trade body