production of speech

Class B

Members:

Dewi Paramita S.Fahmy Alkah

Fitria UlfaHani Yuniati

Imam MutaqinImas

Wahyuningsih

Production of Speech and Language

Speech production is the process of turning the intent to say a word into articulated speech, using the brain and vocal instrument.

language production is the production of spoken or written language.

SLIPS OF THE TONGUE (SPEECH ERROR)

A mistake in speaking,usually trivial, sometimes amusing.

From Thought to Speech

•Slip of the mindCONCEPTUALIZING

• Slip of the tongue (speech error)

FORMULATINGARTICULATING

TYPES OF SPEECH ERRORS

1. SHIFT

2. EXCHANGE

3. ANTICIPATION

4. ADDITION

5. PERSEVERATION

7. SUBTITUTION

6. DELETION

8. BLEND

Examples:

That’s so she’ll be ready in case she decide to hits it (DECIDES TO HIT IT)

get its (GETS IT)

1.SHIFT: the speech unit moves to a different location.

Examples:

writing a mother to my letter (writing a letter to my mother)

slicely thinned (thinly sliced)

2. EXCHANGE: two units exchange positions.

Examples :

• leading list (READING LIST)

• sky is in the sky (SUN IS IN THE SKY)

3. ANTICIPATION : a speech unit is activated too early.

4. ADDITION : a speech unit is added

4. ADDITION : a speech unit is added

• I didn’t explain this clarefully enough (carefully enough)

• to strained it (to strain it)

Examples :

• He pulled a pantrum (TANTRUM)

• beef needle (BEEF NOODLE)

5. PERSEVERATION : a speech unit is activated too late.

6. DELETION : a unit is deleted

Example :

I’ll just get up and mutter intelligibly (unintelligibly)

same sate (same state)

Example :

At low speeds it’s too light (heavy)

7. SUBSTITUTION : a unit is changed into a different unit

8. BLEND : two speech units are combined.

Example :

That child is looking to be spaddled (spanked/paddled)

Formulating Linguistic Plan

A step of production of speech that deals with how a speech is formulated before it uttered.

SERIAL MODEL OF LINGUISTIC PLANNING

1. Identification of Meaning

2. Selection of a Syntactic

Structure

3. Generation of Intonation

Contour

4. Insertion of Content Words

5. Formation of Affixes and

Function Words

6. Specification of Phonetic Segments

1. Identification of Meaning

SERIAL MODEL OF LINGUISTIC PLANNING

SERIAL MODEL OF LINGUISTIC PLANNING

2. Selection of a

Syntactic Structure

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ N adv V adj N

SERIAL MODEL OF LINGUISTIC PLANNING

3. Generation of Intonation Contour

/ /____ ____ ____ ____ ____ N adv V adj N

SERIAL MODEL OF LINGUISTIC PLANNING

4. Insertion of Content Words

She already bag__ two pack__ N adv V adj N

SERIAL MODEL OF LINGUISTIC PLANNING

5. Formation of Affixes and Function

Words

She already bagged two packs N adv V adj N

SERIAL MODEL OF LINGUISTIC PLANNING

6. Specification of

Phonetic Segments

EDITING PROCESSES Editing processes intervene

between the planning of an utterance and its

articulation. It’s determine whether the planned utterance is

linguistically and socially acceptable,

But some Editing process occur after a speech segment is uttered.

Implementing Linguistic Plan

Articulation of speech sounds is a very important stage of production. Once we have organized our thoughts into a linguistic plan, this information must be sent from the brain to the muscles in the speech system so that they can then execute the required movements and produce the desired sounds.

1. ARTICULATION

speakers monitor and control their appropriateness of selected words and also check for errors of the words that the speaker’s going to be said.

2. SELF-MONITORING

This whole process consists of four components: 1. Monitoring of speech2. Error detection3. Self-interruption4. Self-correction

Conclussion

Speech Production:First, we must conceptualize what we wish to

communicateSecond, we formulate this thought into a

linguistic planThird, we execute the plan through the muscles

in the speech systemFinally, we monitor our speech, assessing

whether it is what we intended to say and whether we said it the way we intended to.

Assignment

Consider the following slips of the tongue. What does each reveal about the process of language production?

(1) They laked across the swim.(2) I will zee you in the park.

Thank You…!!!