pregnancy & early development how does life begin? fertilization or conception joining of the...
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Pregnancy & Early Development
How does life begin?• Fertilization or
conception• Joining of the sperm
and egg
• Takes place in the FALLOPIAN TUBE
• Zygote:• Egg & sperm form
ONE cell• 3-5 days to get to
UTERUS• Divides into many
cells on its journey
Inside the uterus• Embryo:• 1st 8 wks of devt.• W/in 3-5 days,
attaches to uterine wall
PREGNANCY now has occurred
4 early signs of pregnancy
1. A missed period2. Positive urine or
blood test3. Tender/enlarged
breasts4. Nausea & fatigue
How a baby developsPlacenta:• Provides nutrients and
oxygen to• Removes wastes from
the dev. humanUmbilical cord:• Connects EMBRYO to
PLACENTA. Carries nutrients and oxygen to the embryo.
Amniotic Sac:• Fluid filled sac that
develops around the embryo. Sac continues to grow as the embryo grows.
Pregnancy Facts• Usually lasts 40 weeks (9 months)• Broken into
stages of development (Trimesters)
1st Trimester• First 3 months• Major growth and change• Heart starts beating• Arm & leg buds appear• Eyes & brain begin to dev.• Bones & muscles dev.• Brain waves detected• FETUS @ 9 wks.
Second Trimester
2nd trimester• Months 4-6• Organ sys. cont. to
dev.• 4 mos. “kick”/move• Male or female known• Hear & recognize sounds• Hair forms• Facial features
• Can survive if premature at this point
Third Trimester• Months 7-9• Gains most of its
wt. (approx. 5 lbs)• 8 mos. = 20
inches• Can grasp with
hand
Multiple births
Identical Twins• ONE egg + ONE
sperm • Divides after fert.
to form 2 zygotes• Same genetic
material = same sex
Fraternal Twins• TWO eggs +
TWO sperm• Most common• Usually separate
sexes
Miscarriage vs. Stillbirth vs. Premature Birth• Miscarriage happens prior to the 20th week of pregnancy (5End
of fifth month)• Stillbirth occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy• Premature occurs before the start of the 37th week of
pregnancy• Less time to devleop in womb• Sometimes there are medical complications due to not fully
developing• Late preterm, born between 34 and 36 weeks of pregnancy• Moderately preterm, born between 32 and 34 weeks of pregnancy• Very preterm, born at less than 32 weeks of pregnancy• Extremely preterm, born at or before 25 weeks of pregnancy
• Interesting Fact” Earliest is was 21 weeks five days
Types of Childbirth• Natural• Delivers through the vagina
• Cesarean section (c-section)• Incision in abdomen and uterus• Baby & placenta lifted out• Under stress, too big, wrong position
• Breech• “rear end” birth
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