plan building materials presentation admixtures
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Hujaj Ali Khan | au.linkedin.com/in/hujajalikhan/
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Plan BuildingPresentation On Material +
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Presentation Talk
Material & uses
Durability
Compatibility
Fixing Methods ( Mixing )
Proprietary Methods
Quality Checking Methods
Transportation (Safety – Storage
Fire RatingHandling – SafeEmbodied EnergyCosting $$$
Deemed to satisfyAlternative Materials
Future of AdmixturesConclusion
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Building Materials
CementPlaster glass
Masonry units
Paints Coatings
Structural Steel
Ceramics
FramingMortars
Plasterboard
Timber
Concrete
Glass
Roofing
Flooring
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Admixtures
Material& usesDurabilityCompatibilityFixing MethodsProprietary MethodsQuality Checking
MethodsTransportation
(Safety – Storage)
Fire RatingHandling – SafeEmbodied EnergyCosting $$$Deemed to satisfyAlternative
MaterialsFuture of
AdmixturesConclusion
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Admixtures
The Australian Standard AS 1478 Chemical admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout defines
“an admixture as a material, other than water, aggregate and cementitious materials, used as an ingredient of concrete, and added to the batch in controlled amounts immediately before or during its mixing to produce some desired modification to the properties of the concrete”
Reduce the cost of concrete construction
Achieve certain properties in concrete more effectively than by other means
Quality of concrete during the stages of mixing,
transporting, placing, and curing in adverse weather conditions
Emergencies during concreting operations
Ingredients in concrete other than Portland cement, water, and aggregates added to the mixture immediately before or during mixing
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Material & uses- Functions
Air-entraining admixtures
Water-reducing admixtures
Plasticizers
Accelerating admixtures
Retarding admixtures
Hydration-control admixtures
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Material& uses- Functions
Corrosion inhibitors
Shrinkage reducers
Alkali-silica reactivity inhibitors
Colouring admixtures
Miscellaneous admixtures (workability, bonding, damp proofing, permeability reducing, grouting, gas-forming, and pumping admixtures)
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Influence Client/Design/Builder/Supply chainMaterial Selection
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Air-entraining admixtures
Stabilize microscopic air bubbles in concrete. Air-entrainment will dramatically improve the durability of concrete exposed to cycles of freezing and thawing. Entrained air greatly improves concrete's resistance to surface scaling caused by chemical de-icers.
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Air-entraining admixtures
Scaled concrete surface resulting from lack of air entrainment, use of deicers, and poor finishing and curing practices
The primary ingredients used in air-entraining admixtures are salts of wood resin (Vinsol resin), synthetic detergents, salts of petroleum acids, etc.
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Water-Reducing Admixtures
The effectiveness of water reducers on concrete is a function of their chemical composition, concrete temperature, cement composition and fineness, cement content, and the presence of other admixtures
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Water-Reducing Admixtures
Reduce the quantity of mixing water required to produce concrete of a certain slump, reduce water-cementing materials ratio, reduce cement content, or increase slump.
Typical water reducers reduce the water content by approximately 5% to 10%.
Materials: Lignosulfonates.Carbohydrates.Hydroxylated carboxylic acids
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Super plasticizers (High-Range Water Reducers)
These admixtures are added to concrete with a low-to-normal slump and water-cementing materials ratio to make high-slump flowing concrete.
Flowing concrete is a highly fluid but workable concrete that can be placed with little or no vibration or compaction while still remaining essentially free of excessive bleeding or segregation.
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Super plasticizers (High-Range Water Reducers)
Applications - flowing concrete • Thin-section
placements• Areas of closely
spaced and congested reinforcing steel
• Pumped concrete to reduce pump pressure, thereby increasing lift and distance capacity,
• Areas where conventional consolidation methods are impractical or can not be used
• Reducing handling costs.
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Low water to cement ratio concrete with low chloride permeability--- easily made with high-range water reducers- is ideal for bridge decks
Plasticized, flowing concrete is easily placed in thin sections
Materials
Sulfonated melamine formaldehyde condensates.Sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate.Lignosulfonates.Polycarboxylates.
Super plasticizers (High-Range Water Reducers)
Bleed less
Drying shrinkage
Effectiveness
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Retarding Admixtures
MaterialsRetard the rate of setting of concrete at high temperatures of fresh concrete (30°C or more).Counteracting the effect is to reduce the temperature of the concrete by cooling the mixing water or the aggregates. Retarders do not decrease the initial temperature of concrete. The bleeding rate and capacity of plastic concrete is increased with retarders.
Lignin
Borax
Sugars
Tartaric acid and salts
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Retarding Admixtures Uses
Offset the accelerating effect of hot weather on the setting of concrete
Delay the initial set of concrete when difficult or unusual conditions of placement occur,
Delay the set for special finishing processes such as an exposed aggregate surface.
Accelerate strength development of concrete at an early age.
Reduction in strength at early ages (one to three days) accompanies the use of retarders.
Effects of these materials on the other properties of concrete, such as shrinkage, may not be predictable.
Acceptance tests of retarders should be made with actual job materials under anticipated job conditions.
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Retarding Admixtures Uses
Materials Calcium chlorideTriethanolamine
Calcium formateCalcium nitrate
Calcium nitrite
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Admixtures-Australian StandardsAS 1478 •Chemical admixtures for concrete, mortar and
grout
AS 1478.1•Admixtures for concrete
AS 2072 • Methods for the sampling of expanding admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout
AS 2073 •Methods for the testing of expanding admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout.
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Durability
Relationship between durability &bubble spacing factor of entrained air Effect of entrained air on durability Water reduction reduces permeability, increases durability
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Compatibility
The satisfactory performance of expandingadmixtures will depend to a significant extent ontheir being distributed uniformly throughout the mix.When more than one admixture is used, thecompatibility of the combination is important. If anon-compatible combination is used (such as aniron-based admixture and calcium chloride asaccelerator) the properties of the concrete may beadversely affected.
The compatibility of admixtures used in combination should be checked.
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Mixing
The time in the mixing cycle at which the admixture is introduced into the concrete mix will also affect the level of retardation obtained. Delayed addition of the admixture, i.e. after the cement has been mixed with water, produces longer setting times than when the admixture is added with the mixing water.
ConsiderationsType and duration of mixing.Rate of mixingAdequate re-mixingMixing temperature and time
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Proprietary Methods
In proprietary products, this is normally compensated for by the addition of an appropriate amount of an accelerator such as triethanolamine. By adjustment of the amount of accelerator incorporated in the admixture, a range of setting times may beobtained. Indeed, products can be formulated to compensate for the changes in ambient temperature between summer and winter.
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Fire Rating OPC -Future of AdmixturesSource : The International Institute for Science,Technology and Education (IISTE)
i) That the Carbide Waste (CW) performs satisfactorily as concrete fire resistance if the proportion of the CW is kept at 10 % replacement.ii) The compressive strength of CW concrete compares favourably with that of control in ordinary water at 28 days.iii) Soundness of cement increase as
CW content increase.iv) CW has increase influence on both initial and final setting time of OPC concrete, the setting times increase with increase in % of CW.v) Replacing OPC with 10% of CW would increase the fire resistance of concrete by 14% to that of OPC concrete at 500oC.
Effect of Admixture on Fire Resistance of Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete
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Transportation & Safety
Transportation TimeAvoid limiting the type of admixtures that can be used unless there is a specific reason (eg. Chloride based admixtures for corrosion).Consider specifying or allowing the use of admixtures which do not have a specific ASTM designation with appropriate documentation indicating beneficial use to concrete properties.These include colors, viscosity modifying admixtures, hydration stabilizing admixtures, pumping aids, anti-freeze admixtures, etc
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Environmental SafetyCEMENT ADMIXTURES ASSOCIATION http://www.admixtures.org.uk/downloads/AES%2012%20Admixture,%20EcoPoints%20&%20the%20Green%20Guide.pdf
Admixtures:
Although sustainability considerations are a current focus for admixture use, the historic benefits should not be ignored as they contribute to the durability of concrete which in itself is a key sustainability benefit for concrete over other construction materials. Admixtures can give economic benefits in both production and placing, optimising mix design, reducing the need for heat curing in precast and allowing modern placing methods to be employed which reduce noise and vibration as well as faster construction.
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Quality Checking MethodsQA/QC & SafetyQuality Assurance / Quality Control by http://premcorm.com
Sets of Sieves Aggregates Sample in Tray Weighing Scale or Balance Sieve Analysis (Grading) for Aggregates Moisture Content Determination
Thermostatic Drying Oven
Sampling of Freshly Mixed Concrete from the Transit Mixer
Slump Cone Scoop Tamping Rod Trowel Meter or Ruler Slump Cone Base (Sampling Tray)
Casting of Concrete Cylinders Specimens
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Costing $$$http://www.bunnings.com.au/search/products?q=admixtures&redirectFrom=Anyhttp://www.bunnings.com.au/search/products?q=admixtures&redirectFrom=Any&facets=CategoryIdPath%3D2a021706-07d5-4648-bf26-2ea8fea049df%20%3E%20bfa7e4dc-1acd-4499-819c-12c0c7dea779%20%3E%20aeffcfe3-92c3-4f35-b206-64ecc6243255
Crommelin 1L High Performance Bonding Agent cement 20$General purpose 30-40
Membrane 140
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• http://www.supplychainmagazine.fr/TOUTE-INFO/ETUDES/SCBarometer2012-Capgemini.pdf
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