pathophysiology articles your assignment: find an original

Pathophysiology Articles

Your Assignment:

Find an original research article in a health-related database, matching the date range as assigned in your class. Verify that the article is available in PDF (Portable Document Format), and that its focus is a condition discussed in class. Print the article.

Review articles and case studies are not acceptable.

WHERE DO I BEGIN???

For the most part, you will NOT find articles in peer-reviewed nursing journals at no charge on search engines like Google.

The best way to proceed is to go to a database such as MEDLINE or CINAHL from the AHSL website; you can access the electronic full text of articles available from the Library.

Searching databases allows you to select citations relevant to your assignment.

Use these two databases for best results:

CINAHL, available from 1982-2006 MEDLINE, available from 1966-2006

Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature

(CINAHL)

What does CINAHL include?

Journal articles Dissertations Chapter and book citations Standards of professional practice Audiovisual materials and educational

software Conference Proceedings

CINAHL is a proprietary (subscription) database.

SAMPLE CINAHL SEARCH

Go to the Library web page:

http://www.ahsl.arizona.edu Scroll down the left side of the page

till you see MEDLINE/PubMed.

Click on the blue capsule button labeled

Start Ovid. Select CINAHL from the menu.

Click Search

Type in term in the box.

Research Article

Once you type in research and press Search, CINAHL presents a long list of terms related to research. Go down through the group and click on those you think will help.

Explode each term

Research

When you explode the subject heading research, these are the more specific terms under it.

More significant subject headings in CINAHL

You may also wish to add these terms to get additional citations:

Qualitative studies

Quantitative studies

Pilot studies

Place each term on a separate line.

Research Article

Next, combine a symptom, disease or condition you discussed in class with the research terms you selected.

Terms to Use for Diseases and Conditions

Do not put in the terms tumor biology or endocrine system. CINAHL and MEDLINE databases both use controlled vocabulary and map terms.

For tumors, use the subject NEOPLASMS. For endocrine system disorders, use the

subject heading, Endocrine Diseases.

Type term in box, click Search

Exploding the Various Subject Headings

When you explode the term Endocrine Diseases, you will also retrieve all the more specific subject headings indented under the main term.

Limiting the Search

The assignment sets several limits. Article can’t be more than 6 months old. Article must be a research article; no review

articles or case studies. Article must be in PDF (portable document

format)

More limiting

Select the date range. Select the language. English. You can press more limits. Go to publication type, select review. Go to publication type again, select case

studies. Then eliminate the reviews and case studies

from your retrieval set.

More Limiting While there were massive numbers of citations in the

beginning, limiting caused the final number to be 645 citations.

There is no way to limit your retrieval to less than 1 year. CINAHL displays articles in groups of 10 in reverse chronological order—the most recent articles appear first.

Do NOT choose articles that were published prior to the date range specified in your assignment.

DISPLAYING THE SEARCH:

As you begin to peruse the citations, look to the right below each citation.

It will say: abstract, complete reference and often full text.

The full text may be in different print formats. It may be PDF, Ascii, or HTML.

Article retrieval:

If the article isn’t available in full text in OVID, it may be in the electronic journals which the Library owns.

More Limiting

You must go to the electronic journal subscriptions to see if the Library owns the journal.

Where Do I Go After I Acquire the Citation?

Proceed to the Library’s list of 5,000+ electronic journals.

Check to see if the citation is available electronically.

Check on the date. Check to see if it is available in PDF.

Parts of a Research Article

A research article can usually be identified because it is composed of the following parts.

The parts are listed on the next slide. The articles you select should have this

format.

Parts of a Research Article

Introduction Methods or methodology or procedure

– Research question– Data Collection– Analysis, may be statistical

Results or findings– Implications for nursing– Ethical Considerations

Parts of a Research Article

Discussion

Conclusion

References

The following slides list additional terms thatmay help you to find relevant articles, depending on the condition you select.

Subject Heading Terms

Acid-Base Imbalance Inflammation Immunity Stress Neoplasms Pain Sleep

Subject Heading Terms

Nervous System Diseases Endocrine System Diseases Kidney Diseases Digestive System Diseases Hematologic Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Respiratory Tract Diseases

Subject Heading Terms

Arteriosclerosis Musculoskeletal Diseases Blood Coagulation Disorders Body Temperature Erythrocytes Genetic Diseases, Inborn

MEDLINE

MEDLINE

Almost extensively journal articles Includes the International Nursing Index. Coverage goes further back (to 1966). Includes many foreign language journals.

There are very few foreign language journals on the AHSL electronic journals list.

Questions/Problems?

Contact:

Hannah FisherHannah@ahsl.arizona.edu626-2933

Mary RiordanMriordan@ahsl.arizona.edu626-3510

Sample MEDLINE Search

Go to the Library web page: http://www.ahsl.arizona.edu Scroll down the left side of the page till you see MEDLINE/PubMed. Click on the blue capsule button labeled Start Ovid. Choose MEDLINE 1996-present from the

menu instead of CINAHL.

SEARCHING:

To facilitate the search, include a group of applicable terms. Add each term on a separate line.

Explode each term when you mark the box opposite the term.

Select all subheadings and continue.

Searching:

Use “or” (which is like the mathematical “addition” sign +)

“or”ing (or adding) the subject headings of the 6 terms you have listed will create a larger set of results.

Next add the surgical or medical condition that is of interest to you.

Searching:

When you “or” you get “more”, but when you take this string of or’s and “and” it to another term on a different line, your retrieval will be less.

Retrieval from MEDLINE

Use the same steps as in CINAHL. After you retrieve the citations, check for

PDF availability in the Library’s electronic journal list.

Print the desired articles.

APA Manual is available at the AHS Library Loan Desk if you do not own the manual.It is on Reserve. This may be checked out with your CatCard. The call number is: WZ 345 P512P 2001