overview of waste management in malaysia. waste composition and recycling rate
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OVERVIEW OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA
WASTE COMPOSITION AND RECYCLING RATE
2005 2012
Population 26,600,000 28,300,300
Waste Generation (tonne/day) 19,000++ 33,000
Generation rate 0.8kg/day/person 1.1kg/day/person
Waste composition(%)
Food Waste 45 44.5
Plastic 24 13.2
Diapers - 12.1
Paper 7 8.5
Garden Waste - 5.8
Glass
24
3.3
Textile 3.1
Others 9.5
Recycling Rate (%) 10.5
33,000 ton/day- what does it mean?
1 day – 0.183333 km square of 1m high30 days – 5.5 km square
44 months – Kuala Lumpur of 243 km square, full with 1 m high solid waste
RECYCLING – ECONOMIC POTENTIALWASTE TO WEALTH
Composition Percentage (%)
Amount(tones/year)
Market price(RM/kg)
Values(Million, RM)
Papers 17.1 1,026,000 0.20 205.2
Plastics 9.1 546,000 0.30 163.8
Glass 3.7 222,000 0.05 11.1
Aluminium 0.4 24,000 2.00 48.0
Scrap Metals 1.6 96,000 0.50 48.0
Other non-recyclable
68.1 4,086,000 - -
Total 100.0 6,000,000 - 476.1
Note:
1) Waste composition data obtained from MHLG (2005)
2) Total waste generation was estimated at 6 million tones per year
3) Average market prices were based on prices at recycling centre as at September 2005; actual prices at recyclable agents, middleman and end buyers (industries) are usually much higher
PART X
REDUCTION AND RECOVERY OF CONTROLLED SOLID WASTE
101. Reduction, reuse and recycling
102. Take back system and deposit refund system
3R PROVISION IN THE SOLID WASTE AND PUBLIC CLEANSING
MANAGEMENT ACT (ACT 672)
LAB PENGURUSAN SISA PEPEJAL PEMANDU
LAB PENGURUSAN SISA PEPEJAL PEMANDU
ACTION P
LAN ?
PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION & RETAILS
CONSUMER STORAGE COLLECTION TRANSFER /HAULAGE TREATMENT
HOUSEHOLD WASTE COMMERCIAL / INSTITUTIONAL WASTE INDUSTRIAL WASTE CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION SPECIAL WASTE
DISPOSAL
PrivatisationImproved serviceFree waste bin
2 Transfer station
One RDF plant
WtE
ENVIROMENT
SOCIAL ECONOMY
SUSTAINABILITY
WASTE STREAM
LIF
E C
YC
LE
DESIGN
Sanitary landfill
Small incinerator
KL incinerator
LFG to energy
PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION & RETAILS
CONSUMER STORAGE COLLECTION TRANSFER /HAULAGE TREATMENT
HOUSEHOLD WASTE COMMERCIAL / INSTITUTIONAL WASTE INDUSTRIAL WASTE CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION SPECIAL WASTE
DISPOSAL
-Recyclability-Recycle content-Policy
-Extended producer Responsibility-Take back -Deposit refund-ELV-Waste exchange
-Public participation-Home composting -Home AD -PAYT
-Packaging-Policy-Packaging tax
PrivatisationImproved serviceFree waste bin
2 Transfer station
One RDF plant
WtE
ENVIROMENT
SOCIAL ECONOMY
SUSTAINABILITY
WASTE STREAM
LIF
E C
YC
LE
DESIGN
Separation at source
Sanitary landfill
Small incinerator
KL incinerator
LFG to energy
Landfill tax
THE OBJECTIVE
To formulate an action plan for
Comprehensive, Integrated and Sustainable solid waste management in Malaysia
51.62
13.18
8.45
12.14
1.312.7310.57
Organic WastePlasticPaperDiapersHousehold Hazardous WasteMetalOthers
HOUSEHOLD WASTE COMPOSITION
WASTE FROM HOUSEHOLD & SIMILAR WASTE
Reliable collection Free waste bin Regular monitoring
(KPI) Effective public
complaint system
Increase in waste generation- rate & volume Segregation at source
Hazardous household waste (1.3%)(Chemical and biological hazard)
WEE – hazardous (DOE) Bulky waste
Garden waste
- 2 x per week – kitchen waste + residual waste
- 1 x per week - recyclable + bulky + garden waste
- New collection vehicle – EN1505- No spillage (waste & leachate)
What we have improved?
What are the pending issues ?
53 / 99 PBTs
Waste discarded – 10 to 2500 ton/day
FOOD AND ORGANIC WASTE
45% of waste discarded, 15,000 ton/day Storage – enclosed (animal, vector), decompose High collection cost – special compactor, regular collection Contribute to greenhouse gasses (GHG) Produce leachate – pollution, LTP (high CAPEX & OPEX) Low calorific value (but nutrient rich waste) Generators – house, food court, restaurant, hotel, market,
training institution, food industry (expired products), event, etc.
Treatment of the food wastes - extremely limited
CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE COMPOSITION
ConcreteMetalBricksPlasticWoodsOthers
Percentage (%)
12.3
9.6
6.5
0.4
69.1
2
CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION (C&D) WASTE ISSUES
The Star Newspaper, 2011
The Star Newspaper, 2012
CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE ISSUE
Main issue – illegal dumping
85% recyclable Secondary construction materials Pilot project – Worldwide Inert Waste Landfill
Kampung Sungai Kertas, Gombak
PLASTIC IN LANDFILL
PLASTICS,TETRA PAK, DIAPERS
Highest in numbers - 15% Very noticeable in landfill, non- degradable Used in most consumer products
Plastic resin used - 3,087,765 ton/year or 8459 ton/day PE (985,000 ton/yr), PP(450,000 ton/yr), PET(178,000
ton/yr), PS (215,000 ton/yr), ABS (170,000 ton/yr) PVC (350,000 ton/yr) - dioxin
Low Recycling rate- 2.5%: 109 ton/day (recycle) vs. 4,300 ton/day (discarded)
PLASTIC APPLICATION
PackagingElectrical and ElectronicHouseholdeAutomotiveConstructionAgricultureOthers
Percentage (%)
42
26
10
11
7
2
2
Potential – recycle industry (W2W), high Calorific Value (WtE) MPMA participation & contribution Brand owner participation & contribution
All waste except food waste, plastic, C&D, garden waste
E-Waste (WEE), Furniture, Textile, Leather goods, Rubber, Glass, Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) – paint,
thinners, kitchen cleaners and End of Life Vehicle (ELV)
Disposed to landfill Lack of recycling facilities Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
Take back, deposit refund, recycling material content
CONSUMER GOODS
WASTE MANAGEMENT IN11th MALAYSIA PLAN
Rancangan Malaysia Kesebelas (RMKe-11)
Dokumen RMKe-11 terdiri daripada enam (6) teras tama
Teras 1 – Merekayasa Pertumbuhan Ekonomi
Teras 2 – Memperkasa Pemacu Pertumbuhan
Teras 3 – Memanfaat Bakat
Teras 4 – Mengarusperdana Pengurusan Alam Sekitar dan Sumber Asli
Teras 5 – Memperkukuh Pembangunan Inklusif
Teras 6 – Meningkat Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Waste Management in 11th Malaysia Plan
Implementation of comprehensive, integrated & sustainable waste management
Policy Legal aspect – implementation of Act 672 Strengthening the institutions Capacity building etc.
Defining Integrated WM
Integrated solid waste management strategic approach to sustainable management covering all sources and all aspects,
generation, segregation, transfer, sorting, treatment, recovery and disposal
in an integrated manner, with an emphasis on maximizing resource use
efficiency.
ENVIRONMENT
by reducing or eliminating adverse impacts on the local
and general environment and
minimizing resource extraction
SOCIALECONOMIC
public participation in 3R activity
by delivering more attractive and pleasant human settlements
better social amenity, sources of employment and potentially a route out of poverty
by reducing the budget needed for solid waste collection services, treatment, and disposal
by improving economic efficiency, especially in resource extraction and use
By creation of markets for the recyclables
Defining Sustainable WM
Source: Guidelines for National Waste Management Strategies - Moving from challenge to opportunitiesUnited Nations Institute for Training and Research
Integrated Sustainable Waste Management Plan Model
STAKEHOLDERSLocal AuthoritiesNGOs / CBOsService usersIndustries & CommercialPrivate informal sectorPrivate formal sectorDonor agencies
WASTE SYSTEM ELEMENTS
Producers & Retailers
Generation & Separation
Collection Transfer & Transport
Treatment & Disposal
Reduction Reduction Re-use Recycling Recovery
ASPECTSTechnicalEnvironmental / HealthFinancial / EconomicSocio-culturalInstitutionalPolicy / Legal/ Political
Process time
Sustainability
Source: Integrated Solid Waste ManagementMushtaq Ahemd MEMONInternational Environmental Technology Centre
(IETC)
SCPI
SCPI
Benefits of ISWM
Cleaner and safe neighbourhoods Higher resource use efficiency Resource augmentation Savings in waste management costs due to
reduced levels of final waste disposal Better business opportunities and economic
growth Local ownership & responsibilities / participation
Source: Integrated Solid Waste ManagementMushtaq Ahemd MEMONInternational Environmental Technology Centre
(IETC)
Process to Develop ISWM
Waste Characterization & Quantification Future
Trends
Targets for ISWM
Prevailing Solid Waste Management System &
Gaps therein
Constraints & Stakeholders' Concerns
Integrated Sustainable Waste Management Plan
(Management System including Technical, Policy & Voluntary aspects)
1 3
2 4
Source: Integrated Solid Waste ManagementMushtaq Ahemd MEMONInternational Environmental Technology Centre
(IETC)
Committees
Advisory Committee To provide input and guidance concerning aspect
related to their field of expertise An independent committee member
Steering Committee To direct and monitor the ISWM planning process
The End
Thank you for your attention
WASTE MANAGEMENT ISSUEPLASTICS
Teras 4 dalam RMKe-11
Pengurusan sisa: satu daripada enam isu utama yang terdapat
dalam TWG Biodiversiti, Pengurusan Alam Sekitar dan Perubahan Iklam
kurang diberi penekanan dan sering dilihat secara berasingan dalam dokumen-dokumen Rancangan Malaysia sebelum ini.
lebih menyeluruh dan bersepadu diberi penekanan dalam penyediaan kertas strategi
Isu e-waste di Malaysia
Perundangan sedia ada digubal hanya untuk digunapakai di sektor industri dan kurang sesuai untuk pengurusan sisa bagi isi rumah
JAS - penyediaan rangka pengurusan untuk mengatasinya
mengenalpasti pendekatan berkesan bagi menggalakkan masyarakat menguruskan e-waste
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