organic agriculture worldwide: current statistics
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Organic Agriculture Worldwide: Current StatisticsHelga Willer, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, Switzerland
BioFach Congress 2012, Nürnberg, Session «The World of Organic Agriculture» 15.2.2012
www.fibl.org
Acknowledgements
› International Trade Centre, Geneva
› The Swiss State Secretariat of Economic Affairs SECO, Berne
› Nürnberg Messe, the organizers of the BioFach Organic Trade Fair
› This work would not be possible without the support of the 200 experts who contribute to the making of «The World of Organic Agriculture»
www.fibl.org
The World of Organic Agriculture 2011 and 2012www.organic-world.net
3
www.fibl.org
Key data/indicators related to area and producers 2010
› 160 countries have data on organic agriculture. › 37 million hectares of agricultural land are organic
(including conversion areas).› 0.9 percent of the agricultural land is organic, and 7
countries have more than ten percent organic agricultural land.
› The organic agricultural land remained steady compared with 2009.
› There are 43 million hectares of further, non agricultural areas (up from 41 million hectares).
› 1.6 million producers were reported, more than three quarters are in developing countries.
www.fibl.org
FiBL-IFOAM-Survey: Number of countries and terretories covered
5
www.fibl.org
Data collection systems of area and operator data
Governments; 70; 44%
Private sector; 35; 22%
FiBL-IFOAM; 55; 34%
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Organic agricultural land and other areas 2010
7Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Distribution of organic agricultural land by region 2010
Oceania33%
Europe27%
Latin America23%
Asia8%
Northern America7%
Africa3%
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
The ten countries with the most organic agricultural land 2010
FranceUruguay (2006)
GermanyItaly
ChinaSpain
Brazil (2007)United States (2008)
ArgentinaAustralia (2009)
0.0
2,500,000.0
5,000,000.0
7,500,000.0
10,000,000.0
12,500,000.0
15,000,000.0
845,442.00930,965.00990,702.001,113,742.00
1,390,000.001,456,672.00
1,765,793.001,948,946.37
4,177,652.7012,001,724.00
Million hectares
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Shares of organic agricultural land in the regions 2010
(European Union: 5.1 %)
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The countries with the highest shares of organic agricultural land 2010
Italy
Slovakia
Latvia
Czech Republic
Switzerland
Estonia
Sweden
Austria
Liechtenstein
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
8.7%
9.0%
9.4%
10.5%
11.4%
12.5%
14.1%
19.7%
27.3%
35.9%
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Distribution of organic shares 2010
7 countries, 4%
18 countries, 12%
33 countries, 21%
97 countries, 63%
More than 10% organic Between 5-10% organicBetween 1-5% organic Less than 1% organic
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Growth of the organic agricultural land 1999-2010
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
5000000
10000000
15000000
20000000
25000000
30000000
35000000
4000000010
,994
,660
14,8
57,5
19
17,2
19,5
47
19,7
63,9
18
25,6
71,4
70
29,7
11,4
00
28,9
69,8
60
30,0
76,2
61
32,3
09,9
93
35,2
31,1
32
37,0
94,0
96
37,0
41,0
04
Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL Surveys 2000-2012,based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Development of organic agricultural land in the regions 1999-2010
14
19992000
20012002
20032004
20052006
20072008
20092010
0100000020000003000000400000050000006000000700000080000009000000
100000001100000012000000130000001400000015000000
AfricaAsiaEuropeLatin AmericaNorthern AmericaOceania
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Europe: Development of organic agricultural land 1985-2010
0.01,000,000.02,000,000.03,000,000.04,000,000.05,000,000.06,000,000.07,000,000.08,000,000.09,000,000.0
10,000,000.011,000,000.012,000,000.0
100,
000.
010
0,00
0.0
100,
000.
020
0,00
0.0
200,
000.
030
0,00
0.0
500,
000.
060
0,00
0.0
800,
000.
01,
000,
000.
01,
400,
000.
01,
800,
000.
02,
300,
000.
02,
900,
000.
03,
700,
000.
04,
463,
877.
25,
434,
878.
95,
805,
672.
96,
205,
498.
36,
353,
105.
46,
762,
676.
77,
266,
087.
07,
770,
040.
98,
269,
702.
69,
203,
602.
610
,002
,086
.7
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The ten countries with the largest increase of organic farmland 2010
Macedonia, FYROM
Germany
Sweden
Portugal
Czech Republic
Turkey
Bolivia
Spain
Poland
France
0.0 50,000.0 100,000.0 150,000.0 200,000.0
+33'790.2
+43'587.0
+47'169.0
+49'594.0
+49'795.0
+57'951.3
+71'105.1
+125'897.8
+154'908.0
+167'929.0
Increase in Hectares
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Further organic areas
› Apart from the organic agricultural land there are further organic areas, the largest part of these are wild collection areas and areas for beekeeping.
› Furthermore there are aquaculture, forest and grazing areas on non-agricultural land.
› It should be noted that many countries do not report these areas, as they only communicate the agricultural land.
› The total for these areas was 43 million hectares, constituting an increase of 2 million hectares compared with 2009.
www.fibl.org
Organic agricultural land and other areas 2010
Organic agricultural land46%
Other areas54%
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Growth of the organic agricultural land and of wild collection areas 1999-2010
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
5000000100000001500000020000000250000003000000035000000400000004500000050000000
10,994,66014,857,51917,219,54719,763,91825,671,47029,711,40028,969,86030,076,26132,309,99335,231,13237,094,09637,041,0044,109,1775,636,934
21,039,74619,778,36522,505,886
26,657,88526,958,48730,762,02231,035,25731,222,515
40,937,06642,905,553
AgricultureWild collection
Source: FiBL-IFOAM-SOEL Surveys 2000-2012,based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Wild collection by continent and the ten countries with the largest wild collection areas 2010
Africa38%
Europe31%
Latin Amer-ica
19%
Asia11%
North America0%
SerbiaBoliviaChina
Russian FederationNamibia
IndiaZambia
CameroonBrazil
Finland
817,128.00828,605.76900,000.00
2,180,040.003,000,000.00
3,650,000.005,910,000.006,000,000.006,200,380.00
7,800,224.00
Million hectares
www.fibl.org
Land use and key crops 2010
Arable crops16%
Perm. crops7%
Perm. Grassland64%
Other agr. land1%
No details11%
Land use types 2010
Vegetables
Oilseeds
Cereals
271,546.15
299,575.11
467,996.79
2,032,378.73
2,512,523.31
Key arable crops
In millions of hectares
GrapesNuts
CocoaOlivesCoffee
217,631.88
262,501.88
287,410.86
495,480.04
642,883.23
Key permanent crops
In millions of hectares
www.fibl.org
Land use in organic agriculture 2010
Africa Asia Europe Latin America
Northern America
Oceania World0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%Agricultural land and crops, no details
Other agricultural land
Permanent grassland
Permanent crops
Arable crops
www.fibl.org
Development of organic land uses
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100.0
5,000,000.0
10,000,000.0
15,000,000.0
20,000,000.0
25,000,000.0
3,423,162.44,013,400.24,290,161.84,628,484.24,878,897.45,743,397.06,106,130.6
910,761.41,196,241.41,449,890.81,881,116.51,947,727.92,499,259.22,658,810.9
21,762,980.819,946,192.720,337,378.320,033,489.5
22,271,313.223,574,315.023,717,787.8
Arable crops
Permanent crops
Permanent grassland/ graz-ing
Hect
ares
www.fibl.org
The ten countries with the most organic agricultural land 2010
Fruit, temperateFruit, tropical and subtropical
GrapesNuts
VegetablesCocoa
Protein cropsOilseeds
OlivesCoffee
Green fodder from arable landCereals
124,563.72
189,959.04
217,633.88
262,519.88
271,650.15
287,410.86
299,575.11
468,020.79
495,480.04
642,883.23
2,032,378.73
2,512,714.91
20102009
Million hectares
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Use of arable land (total: 6.1 million hectares)
Cereals41%
Green fodder from arable land
33%
Oilseeds8%
Protein crops5%
Vegetables4%
Others9%
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Use of permanent crop land (total 2.7 million hectares)
Coffee24%
Olives19%
Cocoa11%
Nuts10%
Grapes8%
Fruit, tropical and subtropical
7%
Others21%
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Organic producers 2010
› For the current survey, a total of 1.6 million organic producers was reported.
› According to the data obtained, more than three quarters of the producers are located in developing and transition countries.
› The country with the most producers is India, followed by Uganda and Mexico.
› It should be noted that not all certifiers reported the number of producers; their number is probably higher than 1.6 million.
› Outlook 2011 data: At BioFach 2012 India announced that there are 1 million organic farmers in the country now – so globally there must be more then 2 million producers.
www.fibl.org
Distribution of organic producers by region 2010
Africa34%
Asia29%
Europe18%
Latin America17%
Northern America1%
Oceania1%
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
The ten countries with the most organic producers 2010
Spain
Italy
Turkey
Peru
Tanzania (2008)
Ethiopia
Mexico (2008)
Uganda
India
0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000
27,877
41,807
43,096
44,827
85,366
123,062
128,862
188,625
400,551
Number of producers
Source: FiBL-IFOAM Survey 2012, based on data from governments, the private sector and certifiers.
www.fibl.org
Organic farming in developing & transition countries and emerging markets 2010
› About one third of the world’s organic agricultural land – 12.5 million hectares - is located in developing/transition countries and in emerging markets.* Most of this land is in Latin American countries, with Asia and Africa in second and third place.
› 1.3 million producers are in these countries.› *Countries listed in the List of Recipients of Official
Development Assistance (ODA) of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The ist is available at
› www.oecd.org/dataoecd/23/34/37954893.pdf.
www.fibl.org 32
Summary
› The organic agricultural land area (37 million hectares in 2010) has remained stable between 2009 and 2010.
› In Europe, however, organic farmland increased however by 9 percent.› Organic arable and permanent crops increased by six percent, for some
crops growth rates were considerably higher. › 1.6 million organic producers were reported, most of these are in
developing/transition and emerging market countries.› Developments in the year 2010 show that the institutional embedding of
organic farming (with support of advice, research, marketing) is important in order to guarantee a constant development of the organic sector.
› For more and more countries data on organic agriculture are available; but data collection and processing need to be improved in many countries, not only on land area and land use and crops grown and operators, but also on market and international trade data.
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Indicator World Leading countries Countries with data on certified organic agriculture
2010: 160 countries
Organic agricultural land 2010: 37 million hectares (2009: 37.1 million hectares;1999: 11 million hectares)
Australia (12 mio. hectares, 2009)Argentina (4.2 mio. hectares)US (1.9 mio. hectares, 2008)
Share of total agricultural land
2010: 0.9 % Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (35.9 %)Liechtenstein (27.3 %)Austria (19.7 %)
Growth of organic agricultural land
2010: 50’000 hectares = 0.1% ‑ ‑(2009: +1.9 mio. hectares = +5%;2008: +2.9 mio. hectares = +9%)
France: +168’000 hectares (+24 %) Poland: +155’000 hectares (+42 %)Spain: +126’000 hectares (+9%)
Further, non-agricultural organic areas (mainly wild collection)
2010: 43 million hectares (2009: 41 million hectares;2008: 31.9 million hectares)
Finland (7.8 million hectares)Brazil (6.2 million hectares; 2007)Cameroon (6 million hectares)
Producers 1.6 million producers (2009: 1.8 million producers;2008: 1.4 million producers)
India (400’551), Uganda (188’625), Mexico (128’826)
Organic market size 44.5 billion euros or 59.1 billion US dollars (2009: 54.9 billion US dollars1999: 15.2 billion US dollars)Source: Organic Monitor
US (20.2 billion euros or 26.7 billion USD, Germany (6 billion euros or 8.4 billion US dollars)France (3.4 billion euros or 4.7 billion US dollars)
Per capita consumption 2o10: 6.5 euros or 8.6 US dollars Switzerland (153 euros or 213 USD), Denmark (142 euros or 198 USD)Luxemburg (127 euros or 177 USD)
Number of countries with organic regulations 2010
84 countries (2009: 74 countries)
Organic certifiers 2010 2011: 549 certifiers(2010: 532; 2009 489)
Japan, USA, South Korea
Number of IFOAM affiliates 1.1.2012: 870 affiliates from 120 countries(2011: 757 from 115 countries;2000: 606)
Germany: 105 affiliates; India: 50 affiliates; China: 41 affiliates; South Korea: 39 affiliates; United States: 39 affiliates
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