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OnePointPerspectiveDrawing/Painting

Grade:4Medium:DrawingandPaintingLearningObjective:Studentswilluseonepointperspectivetocreateapieceofartthathasa3Dappearance.

Authors:HeatherMcClure-Coleman&RobinReents

ElementsofArt/PrinciplesofDesignSpace:anelementofvisualarts;theareaabove,below,around,andwithinanartwork;theillusionofdepthorspaceonaflatsurface,createdbymeansofthefollowingtechniques:renderingshapesandformssothattheyoverlapandusingsize,detail,value,color,andlinearperspective.VocabularyWordsBackground:theareaofapicturethatappearstobefarthestfromtheviewer.Thebackgroundusuallyappearsintheupperportionofthepicture.Depth:thedistancefromthefronttothebackorthedistancefromneartothefarpartofapainting.Foreground:theareaofapicturethatappearsclosesttotheviewer.Theforegroundbeginsatthebottomofapicture.HorizonLine:basedonanartist’seyelevel,aninvisibleplanethatcutsthrougheverythingthatexistsateyelevel;alineatwhichskyappearstomeetearth.MiddleGround:theareainapicturethatisbetweentheforegroundandthebackground.Perspective:awaytocreatetheappearanceofdepthandthreedimensionsonatwo-dimensionalsurfaceusingvanishingpoints,horizonlines,converginglinesorshading;typesofperspectiveincludeone-pointlinearperspective(asillustratedinthislesson),two-pointlinearperspective,andatmosphericperspective. - OnePointPerspective:astraight-onviewwithonlyonevanishingpoint.Parallellinesconvergeononepointinthedistancetoasinglevanishingpoint. VanishingPoint:apointwhereparallellinesappeartomeetinthedistance.Thelinesalmostappeartodisappearinthedistance.

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Materials&Supplies

• Watercolorpaper12x9”• Pencils• Erasers–whiteorpinkpearl• Blackwaterproofmarkers• Watercolorsets–oneperstudent

• Mediumtipwatercolorbrushes• Watercups–onecupperstudentor

onecuppertwostudents• 18”or12”rulers.Therulersneedto

belongenoughtomakean“x”throughthecornersofthepaper

Context(Historyand/orArtists)BulbFields-VincentVanGogh

AdvancePreparationPrepareallmaterialslistedabove.Havewatercupspre-pouredforthewatercolorportionofthelesson.Tips&Tricks

• 18inchclearrulersarethebestoptioniftheyareavailable.• Thislessoncantakeabitmoretimethantheusual1hours.Perhapsallow1.5hoursor

movequickly.• Remindstudentstoerasetheirpencillinesofthe“x”sotheydonothavethatmarkrunning

throughtheirdrawing.The“x”isjustatooltousewhilecreatingtheillusionofdepthinthepainting.

• Demonstrateusingadarkercolorthanpencilsostudentscansee.

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DiscussionPointsShowtheartwork“BulbFields”byVincentVanGogh.Askstudentswhatishappeninginthepainting?AskstudentshowVanGoghachievedtheillusionofperspectiveintheartwork?Defineperspective.Pointouttheforeground,middleground,backgroundandhorizonlineinthepainting.AssessmentofLearningObjectivesCanthestudenttellmeaboutforeground,middleground,andbackground?Didthestudentusethetechniqueofcreatingavanishingpointfortheirartwork?Didthestudentcreateaonepointperspectiveartworkthatshowsperspective?InstructionsforLesson

FirstdiscussBulbFieldsbyVincentVanGoghasdescribedabove.

Tellthestudentshowthelessonisstructured:thedrawingportionisastep-by-stepprocesswheretheArtDocentwillfirstdrawapartofthedrawingthenstudentswillcopythatstep.Thewholeclasswillfirstworkinpencilandlateroutlinetheirartinblackmarker.Last,thestudentswillpaintwithwatercolorwhichoffersmorefreechoiceandflexibility.

1. Lightlywithpencil,drawan“x”fromcornertocornerofthepaper.2. Drawadotinthemiddleofthe“x”(thevanishingpoint).3. Drawahorizontallinethroughthemiddleofthepaper,passingthroughthedot.

4. Next,drawthescene.Onesidewillbealandscapewithtrees.Theothersidewillbecitybuildings.

5. Drawthesidewalkfirstfromthevanishingpoint.Drawthesidewalkonbothsidesofthepaper.

6. Ontheleftside,drawtreesstartingintheforeground,orthefrontofthepaper.Drawthetreeslargeintheforeground,thenmiddlesize,thensmallergoingtowardthevanishingpoint.Thereisatendencyforstudentstowanttomaketheirtreestilttowardthecenterbutmakesurethetreesarestraightandparalleltothesideofthepaper.

7. Next,drawthebuildingsontherightsideofthepaper.8. Drawaroofwithastraight,horizontalline.Thiswillbethesideroof.

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9. Drawthevanishingpoint(topfrontedge)oftheroof.Drawasmalldiagonalline.Thelineisparalleltothetophalfofthe“x”.

10. Drawastraightverticallinetogroundtomakethesideofthebuilding.11. Drawastraightverticallineagainfromthecornerroofline.12. Drawahorizontallineatthebottomtocreatethebottomofthebuilding.13. Drawasmalldiagonalline.Drawthislinealongthebottom“x”guidelines.Drawthisparallel

tothebottomhalfofthe“x”guideline.14. Addanotherbuilding.Maketheheightofeachbuildingsmallerasyounearthevanishing

point.15. Finishthedetailsbyaddingwindowsandfrontdoorstothebuildings.Takecarethe

windowsonthebuildingfrontsareangledparalleltothevanishingpoint.

16. Traceoverthepencillineswithablackmarker.

17. Addthelinedownthecenteroftheroad,detailsofthesky,etc.

18. Erasethepencilmarks.19. Paintwithwatercolor.

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AdditionalExamplesandLessonVariations:

Examples)of)student)art)

Example(of(student(art(with(a(non4city(scene(

The$VANISHING$POINT$is$the$dot$on$the$horizon$line$(red)$where$parallel$lines$(green)$seem$to$converge$and$disappear.$$

One$point$perspec,ve!is!defined!as!a!straight!on!view!with!only!one!vanishing!point.!Parallel!lines!converge!on!one!point!

in!the!distance!known!as!the!vanishing!point.!

One!Point!Perspec8ve!!

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ReferencesandAttributionsGogh,VincentVan.“BulbFields.”VanGoghOnline,www.vangoghonline.com/1983/04/bulb-fields.html.StudentartworkbyCreeksideElementarystudents.

NotesforEducators

21stCenturyThinkingSkillsObserving–Usingyoursensestolearnaboutsomethingindetail.MakingConnections–Connectingnewinformationwithscheme.Visualizing–Creatingamentalimage.

WAStateLearningStandards(VA:Cr1.1.4)Investigate,plan,make.Brainstormmultipleapproachestoacreativeartordesignproblem.(VA:Cr1.2.4)Investigate,plan,make.Collaborativelysetgoalsandcreateartworkthatismeaningfulandhaspurposetothemakers.(VA:Cr2.1.4)Investigate.Organizeanddevelopartisticideasandwork.Exploreandinventart-makingtechniquesandapproaches.(VA:Cr3.1.4)Reflect,refine,continue.Reviseartworkinprogressonthebasisofinsightsgainedthroughpeerdiscussion.

ArtsIntegrationOpportunitiesThislessonisgreattousemathematics,fractions,division,measuringandcomputation.Tofindthevanishingpoint(inthemiddleofthepaper),havethestudentsmeasureanddivide.Theycanusecomputationandstudyanglesinanumberofwaysinthislesson.