on the farm pest management · integrated pest management tips always identify the insect pest vs....
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On the Farm Pest
Management
Wizzie Brown
Extension Program Specialist-IPM
Travis County
Integrated Pest
Management
What is IPM?
Methods to manage
pest populations
Does IPM include
pesticides?
Benefits
Limitations
Cornell
IPM Program Steps
Prevention Cultural controls, structural
modifications, sanitation, biological control, barriers, pest-resistant varieties
Monitoring Regularly checking,
identification
Assessment Thresholds
Action
Reassessment
Texas A&M University
Economic Injury Level
time
N (
popula
tion)
Economic injury level (break even point)
Economic threshold level (“take action” level)
Management Management
EIL is the point when economic damage that occurs from insect injury equals the cost of managing that insect population- take into account value of crop, cost
of insecticide, amount of damage.
Integrated Pest
Management Tips
Always identify the insect
Pest vs. beneficial
Pest or Not a Pest?
Michael Potter
Michael Potter
Texas AgriLife Extension Service
Michigan State University
Ladybug vs. Spotted
cucumber beetle
Assassin bug vs. leaf-footed bug
Biological Control
Using other organisms to control a pest
Conservation
Augmentation
Classical or Importation
potatobeetle.org
forestryimages.org
Integrated Pest
Management Tips
Always identify the insect
Pest vs. beneficial
Diagnose the plant problem
Are ANTS really killing your plant?
Integrated Pest
Management Tips
Always identify the insect
Pest vs. beneficial
Diagnose the plant problem
Inspect regularly- monitor
Differences in Inspection
From a distance- admiring Up close- inspecting
The Spruce
UGA CAES
Integrated Pest
Management Tips
Always identify the insect
Pest vs. beneficial
Diagnose the plant problem
Inspect regularly- monitor
Use practices that help to avoid insect
problems
Sanitation, proper watering, proper
fertilization, proper spacing
Good practices
Eatingniagra.com City of Frisco, TX
Flowers magazine Learn2grow.com
Cultural Control Modifications to normal plant
care to reduce or avoid pest
problems
urbangardencasual.com
drlawnenterprise.com
Monrovia
University of Florida
Aggie Horticulture
Article on companion planting:
http://chemung.cce.cornell.edu/resources/companion-planting
Article on trap crops, intercropping, & companion planting:
https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/W235-F.pdf
Integrated Pest
Management Tips
Always identify the insect
Pest vs. beneficial
Diagnose the plant problem
Inspect regularly- monitor
Use practices that help to avoid insect
problems
Sanitation, proper watering, proper
fertilization, proper spacing
Use row cover properly and before pests
are a problem
Proper use of row cover
NO! YES!
wingsofdawnfarm
Colorado Coop Extension
Daphne’s dandelions
Mechanical Control
Use of labor, materials
(not pesticides) &
machinery to reduce
pests plantgardens101.com
Texas A&M University
Diy network www.safesolutionsinc.com
Black & Decker
Physical Control
Environmental
manipulations that
indirectly control
pests
Altering light,
humidity,
temperature
Leslie Doyle
Growing real food
The Tree Center
Integrated Pest
Management Tips
Always identify the insect Pest vs. beneficial
Diagnose the plant problem
Inspect regularly- monitor
Use practices that help to avoid insect problems Sanitation, proper watering, proper fertilization,
proper spacing
Use row cover properly and before pests are a problem
Conserve beneficial insects Make WISE pesticide choices
Using pesticides wisely
Use targeted pesticides
Target treatment area
Read & follow label instructions
Texas is a SITE state
Pesticide licensing http://www.texasagriculture.gov/RegulatoryPrograms/Pesticides/Pesticid
ePrivateApplicatorLicense.aspx
Workers applying need WPS training
https://www.texasagriculture.gov/RegulatoryPrograms/Pesticides/WorkerPro
tection/WPSDutiesofEmployers.aspx
Organics licensing http://www.texasagriculture.gov/RegulatoryPrograms/Organics.aspx
Quick & handy pesticide
information
Insecticidal soap- no residual Homemade versions?
Works well on small, soft bodied pests
Botanicals- plant derived Often degrade rapidly; use with care
Azadirachtin • Works in variety of ways, different formulations
Citrus products- use pesticide formulations, not cleaning
Horticultural oils Different types- summer vs. dormant oils
Do not use over 85 degrees
If pests are over ½” then naturally derived products will not work as well
Quick & handy pesticide
information
Inorganics- boric acid, DE, etc. Target use
Use dust mask/ respirator
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Different varieties target different pests
Spinosad Works well on pests that eat a lot of foliage
Synthetics May have a place depending on what you want to
achieve
May be able to apply synthetic product one time to manage pest instead of repeated applications of naturally-derived products
If pests are over ½” then naturally derived products will not work as well
Regarding pesticides
ALL pesticides
are meant to kill
Worldbank.org
Just because something is “natural” does NOT mean it is safe!
Encyclopedia.com
Realmudgarden.com
Arsenic poisoning
Pyrethrum poisoning
Misapplication of mothballs
Soil pests- corn rootworm
Leave garden fallow for a
season
Solarization
Weed management
Conserve beneficial
insects
Soil treatment
Pesticides Samford University
Borers- Squash vine borer
Plant less-susceptible
varieties
Plant early/ late
Plant extra
Destroy egg masses
Row cover
Surgery on vine
Bt injection
University of Kentucky
Bruce Leander
Borers- Pickleworm &
melonworm
Feed on cucurbits
Melonworm typically feeds on
foliage, but may move into fruit
Pickleworm starts on flowers &
then moves to fruit
Plant less-susceptible varieties
Plant early
Row cover
Sanitation/ weed control
Trap cropping (w/ squash)
Alton N. Sparks, University of Georgia
John L. Capinera, University of Florida
Clemson University
Sap feeders- Aphids, mealybugs,
scales, hoppers, whiteflies
Sap feeders- Aphids, mealybugs,
scales, hoppers, whiteflies
Yellowing, stunting, curling, honeydew (sooty mold), transmit viruses
NCSU
Sap feeders- Aphids, mealybugs,
scales, hoppers, whiteflies
Weed management Proper watering & fertilization High pressure water spray Control ants Pruning, removal of infested areas Row covers Pesticides
Insecticidal soap Horticultural oils Botanicals Synthetic contacts Systemics
Sap feeders- Stink &
harlequin bugs Shield-shaped; triangle on
back, variable color
Yellowing, curling, stunting
Conserve beneficial organisms
Weed management
Destroy egg masses
Hand picking
Vacuuming
Row cover
Pesticides
J. Obermeyer
Sap feeders- Squash bug
Resistant varieties- Butternut, Royal Acorn, Sweet Cheese
Sanitation
Traps- wooden boards/ cardboard
Row covers
Trellising
Conserve beneficial insects
Hand picking
Destroy egg masses
Beneficial insects
Pesticides
Sap feeders- Leaf footed bug
Medium sized, greyish-brown, expanded region on hindleg
Feeding on seed & fruit, pinpoint with discoloartion
Conserve beneficial organisms
Sanitation
Row covers
Hand picking
Vacuuming
Destroy egg masses
Pesticides
Alabama Cooperative Extension System
NCSU
Foliage feeders- Spider
mites
Conserve beneficial
insects
Weed management
Sanitation
Proper watering
Proper fertilizing
Pesticides
Foliage feeders- Grasshoppers
Enlarged hind legs; extended pronotum
Foliage feeder
Conserve beneficial organisms
Treat immature stage
Row cover
Pesticides
Nosema locustae
Spinosad
Botanicals
Synthetic contacts
Systemics
Foliage feeders- Flea beetle
Conserve beneficial organisms
Weed management
Crop rotation
Row cover
Sanitation
Destroy eggs (@ base of plant)
Pesticides
Foliage feeders- Corn
earworm
Tomato fruitworm,
bollworm, soybean
podworm
Conserve
beneficial insects
Pesticides
Purdue
NCSU
Foliage feeders- Cutworms
Conserve beneficial
insects
Weed management
Sanitation
Ring around seedlings
Pesticides
Foliage feeders- Armyworm
Conserve beneficial
insects
Weed management
Hand pick
Vacuum
Pesticide
Fall armyworm Beet armyworm
NCSU
Foliage feeders- Cabbage
looper
Conserve
beneficial insects
Row cover
Hand pick
Vacuum
Pesticides
Foliage feeders- Hornworms
Conserve beneficial
insects
Tilling
Crop rotation
Row cover
Handpick
Vacuum
Pesticides
Resources
http://agrilifebookstore.org
http://insects.tamu.edu
http://ipm.tamu.edu
http://vegipm.tamu.edu
Books:
Garden Insects by Whitney Cranshaw
Wizzie Brown
512-854-9600
ebrown@ag.tamu.edu
Facebook: www.facebook.com/urbanipm
Twitter: @UrbanIPM
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