oie standards : main objectives and mandates, sps agreement, obligation and ethics in trade dr....
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OIE standards : main OIE standards : main objectives and mandates, objectives and mandates, SPS agreement, obligation SPS agreement, obligation
and ethics in tradeand ethics in trade
Dr. Caroline PlantéOIE Sub-regional Representation in Brussels
Presentation of the OIEPresentation of the OIE
SOME KEY FACTS
•Established in 1924: 172 Members in 2008•Intergovernmental Organisation – predates the UN•5 Permanent OIE Regional Representations: Bamako
(Mali), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Tokyo (Japan), Sofia (Bulgaria) and Beirut (Lebanon)
•4 OIE Sub-Regional Offices: Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana), Panama, Brussels (Belgium)
•5 OIE Regional Commissions: Africa, Americas, Asia-Pacific, Europe and Middle East
29
51
13
2851
Rinderpest 1920 and OIE 1924 Rinderpest 1920 and OIE 1924
Cattle from India to Brazil via Antwerp
Historical: ‘To prevent animal diseases from spreading around the world’
The 4th Strategic Plan 2006/2010 extends the OIE’s global mandate to:
‘The improvement of animal health all around the world’
OIE MANDATE
ANIMAL HEALTH INFORMATION
OIE OBJECTIVES
to ensure transparency in the global animal disease and zoonosis situation
to collect, analyse and disseminate scientific veterinary information
ACTIVITIES OF VETERINARY SERVICES
OIE OBJECTIVES
to provide expertise and encourage international solidarity in the control of animal diseases
to improve the legal framework and resources of national Veterinary Services
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
OIE OBJECTIVES
to safeguard world trade by publishing health standards for international trade in animals and animal products (within its WTO/SPS mandate)
to provide a better guarantee of food of animal origin and to promote animal welfare through a science-based approach
Section 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 Terr. Code / Section 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 Aquatic Code :
Obligations and ethics in international trade - General obligations- Certification procedures
Risk analysis
Import/Export procedures
Section 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 Terr. Code / Section 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 Aquatic Code :
Obligations and ethics in international trade - General obligations- Certification procedures
Risk analysis
Import/Export procedures
OIE INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
SPS AgreementSPS Agreement
SPS AGREEMENT
WTO : established 1st January 1995152 countries
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement :
http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/sps_e.htm
Avoiding unnecessary
barriers to trade
The right to protect human, animal or plant
life or health
SPS AGREEMENT
Key provisions of the SPS Agreement
1- Non discrimination
2- Scientific justification- Harmonisation- Risk assessment- Consistency- Least trade restrictiveness
3- Equivalence
4- Regionalisation
5- Transparency
6- Technical ssistance/special treatment
7- Control, inspection and approval procedures
SPS AGREEMENT
SPS Measures
Definition – Annex A
=> A measure taken to protect
- Human or animal health FROM risks arrising from additives, contaminants, toxins or disease organisms in food, drink, feedstuff
- Human life FROM plant- or animal-carried diseases
- Animal or plant life FROM pests, diseases, disease-causing organisms
- A country FROM other damage caused by entry, establishment or spread of pests
SPS AGREEMENT
Scientific justification
Art 2.2
Members shall ensure that any SPS measure is:
Based on scientific principles
Applied only to the extent necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health (least trade restrictive)
Not maintained without sufficient scientific evidence
Except as provided for in Art 5.7
WTO SPS Agreement recognises OIE as a reference organisation for international standards (3 sisters)
16
food safetyCODEX
animal health OIE
plant healthIPPC
OIE and SPS
OIE and SPS
Role and responsability of OIE in the frame of SPS Agreement (Terr. Code, art 1.3.1.2)
SPS Agreement strongly encourage that health measure be based on international standard, guidelines and recommendations, where they exist
=> OIE Codes and Manuals
If no standards exist or decision of importing country for higher level of protection (stronger measures)
=> scientific justification is necessary=> obligation to conduct risk analysis (according to provisions laid down in OIE Code)
Obligation and ethics Obligation and ethics in international tradein international trade
Consideration of animal health situationin the exporting, transit and importing countries
Factors taken into account
Requirements:
- No exclusion of pathogens or animal diseases which are present within the territory of the importing countrywhich are not subject to any official control programme.
-No higher measure than those applied within the importing country
-No requirement for non OIE listed diseases/pathogens (unless significant risk for importing country => risk analysis)
Information from exporting country
Factors taken into account
• Notification/reporting requirements(prompt and comprehensive information)
• Effectiveness of the systems for animal disease surveillance and ability to apply measure to control and prevent relevant diseases
•Structure and authority of VS
Factors taken into account
• Capacity to control the establishment & application of animal health measures and certification activities
=>Official procedures for authorisation of official veterinarians
- Definition of function and duties- Conditions for possible suspension of the appointment- Relevant instructions and training-Monitoring of activities of certifying veterinarians
=> Assurance of integrity and impartiality
Evaluation of VS : legal basis (Code)
from Article 1.3.4.1.
The purpose of evaluation may be: -to assist a national authority in the
decision-making process regarding priorities for its own VS (self-evaluation)
-to assist the process of risk analysis in international trade … to which official sanitary and/or zoosanitary controls apply.
(Chapters 1.3.3 / 1.3.4)
Factors taken into account
from Article 1.3.3.3
“Members should recognise the right of another Member to undertake, or request it to undertake, an evaluation of its VS where the initiating Member is an actual or prospective importer, and where the evaluation is to be a component of a risk analysis process which is to be used to determine sanitary measures to be applied to trade.”
Factors taken into account
=> OIE-PVS tool designed to conduct the evaluation of VS in accordance to the provisions of the Ter. Code
•Self evaluation performed by internal and/or OIE experts=> improve performance
•Evaluation relevant to bilateral negotiations between trading countries=> determine trade opportunities/sanitary measures
Evaluation of VS : process
Factors taken into account
Conclusion
World organisation for animal healthWorld organisation for animal health
12 rue de prony75017 Paris, France
Tel: 33 (0)1 44 15 18 88 – Fax: 33 (0)1 42 67 09 87Email: oie@oie.inthttp://www.oie.int
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