newcastle disease (ranikhet)

Newcastle DiseaseGross And Histo-pathological Lesions

Newcastle Disease (ND)

ParamyxovirideaAPMV-1characterized in chickens by high mortality, nervous signs and haemorrhagic and necrotic lesions in the gut mucosa.Lentogenic, Mesogenic and Valogenic strains.

ND Virus

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Transmission

Reports of NDV

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OIE 1997-2000

Pathogenesis

The virus replicates in the mucosa of the upper respiratory and intestinal tracts.Virus spreads via blood to spleen and bone marrow (viremia) causing infection of other organs: lung ,intestines & C.N.S.

Clinical Signs and SymptomsRespiratory symptoms.Nervous signs.Digestive symptoms.Drop in egg production with thin, rough-shelled eggs.Swelling of tissues around eyes and in the neck.Sudden death.In human;(Mild conjunctivitis, influenza-like symptoms and laryngitis).

Turning of head

Turning of head

Haemorrhages (E) and neuron degeneration, lesions observed in other organs included, air sacculitis and pneumonia.

Conjuctival Haemorrhages

Conjuctival Haemorrhages

Facial edema

Severe tracheitis

M is control while N and O: dropout and necrosis of mucous epithelial cells in the trachea (black arrow)

Diphtheritic Oro-pharyngo-esophagitis

Lungs

P is control while Q and R: congestion and haemorrhage in the lung

Proventricular Haemorrhages

Proventricular Haemorrhages

Pin point haemorrhages in Proventriculous

D is control while E and F: dropout and necrosis of the mucosal epithelia in the proventriculus (black arrow)

Necrosis andhaemorrhage of small intestinal lymphoid patches (Peyer’s patches).

Intestinal Haemorrhages

Intestines focal ulceration

G is control while H and I: dropout of epithelium and numerous inflammatory cell infiltration in the small intestine (black arrow)

Intestinal LesionsCecal tonsils necrosis Small intestine heamorrhages

the haemorrhages and congestion in the mucosa ofThe cecal tonsils as indicated by the arrows, C-1 and C-2, necrosis and sloughing off of the lymphoid tissues (D)

Liver Congestion

The peri- vascular lymphocytic infiltration (N-1 & N-2) and congestion (O) in liver of a chicken that had ND.

Enlarged, mottled spleen with pinpoint areas of necrosis.

Spleen

Spleen

The necrosis and lymphocytes degeneration in the spleen, nuclear pyknosis (K-I & K-2) and macrophages infiltration in the spleen tissue (J)

A is control while B and C: amalgamation of collapsed cell and inflammatory exudates created the homogeneous and pink-staining appearance in the white pulps of spleens (black arrow)

Bursa

Embryo- Body as a whole: Severe acute hemorrhage and congestion

S is control while T and U: venous congestion in the cerebrum (black arrow)

ReferencesAnandan Paldurai et al. Journal of Virology. 2014;88:8579-8596

A thesis on LESIONS AND PREVALENCE OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN CHICKENPRESENTED FOR NECROPSY AT FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE,MAKERERE UNIVERSITY by Afayoa Mathias.

Avian Disease Manual by AAAP 7th Edition

Diseases of Poultry by David E. Swayne 13th Edition

A presentation by Dennis A. Senne from U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA 50010

http://partnersah.vet.cornell.edu/avian-atlas/#/disease/Newcastle_Disease

Cont.….https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC3176290_pone.0025000.g003&req=4#

http://www.thepoultrysite.com/publications/6/diseases-of-poultry/199/newcastle-disease/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3176290/

Zhang S, Wang X, Zhao C, Liu D, Hu Y, et al. (2011) Phylogenetic and Pathotypical Analysis of Two Virulent Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated from Domestic Ducks in China. PLoS ONE 6(9): e25000. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025000

Author’s contact Dr. Aamir Farooq

M. Phil. Pathology

dr.aamrifarooq@hotmail.com

Contact cell number:

+92-334-6801514