nail structure and growth miladys standard cosmetology cosmetology:
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Nail Structure and Growth
Milady’s Standard Cosmetology
Cosmetology:
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
“Only those who dare to fail greatly can ever achieve
greatly”
Robert Francis Kennedy
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Objectives• Describe the structure and
composition of nails• Discuss how nails grow
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
The Nail• An appendage of the skin• Technical term: onyx
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Composition of the Nail• Keratin• Nail plate• Healthy nail• Nail porosity
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Nail Anatomy • Nail bed• Matrix• Nail plate• Cuticle, eponychium,
hyponychium• Specialized ligaments• Nail folds
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Nail Bed• Skin where nail plate
rests• Extends from lunula to
free edge• Attached to nail plate• Supplied with many
nerves
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Nail Matrix• Where nail is formed• Composed of matrix cells• Contains nerves, lymph, blood vessels• Extends from under nail fold (lunula)• Injury to matrix affects growth
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Nail Plate• Horny nail plate or body• Rests on nail bed• Formed by matrix cells• Constructed in layers• Free edge extends over tip
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Cuticle• Loose and flexible• Seals against foreign matter• Prevents injury and infection
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Eponychium and Hyponychium• Eponychium: extension of cuticle at
base of nail body that partly overlaps lunula (living tissue)
• Hyponychium: thickened skin beneath free edge
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Specialized Ligaments• Attach the nail bed and matrix to
underlying bone• Located at base of matrix and around
edges of nail bed
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Nail Folds• Folds of normal skin surrounding
nail plate• Form nail grooves• Grooves are slits on sides of nail
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Nail Growth• Grows forward from matrix• Grows in variety of shapes• Growth is 1/10” per month• Grows faster in summer than winter• Children’s nails grow faster than older
people’s
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
• Middle nail grows fastest; thumb slowest
• Toenails grow slower than fingernails
• Not shed automatically
Nail Growth
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Nail Malformation• Caused by disease, injury,
infection• Fingernail replacement takes 4 –
6 months• Toenail replacement takes 9 – 12
months
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Summary and Review• Describe a normal healthy nail• What is the technical term for nail?• What substance composes the nail
plate?
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
Summary and Review• Name the basic parts of the nail• What part of the nail contains the
nerve and blood supply?• Explain how the nail grows
MILADY’SStandardInstructor Support SlidesCOSMETOLOGY
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