museum learning between physical and conceptual spaces
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Museum learningbetween physical and
conceptual spacesMike Sharples
Learning Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of Nottingham
Museums as physical spaces
http://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/explorerflash
Museums as conceptual spaces
http://www.organismedia.com/virtualmuseum/
http://www.ltmcollection.org/museum/floorplan/floorplan-main.html
Creating the physical in the
conceptual
Creating the conceptual in the
physical
Physical in the conceptual Conceptual in the physical
Representation Abstraction
Human-computer interaction Embodied interaction
Navigation through simulated physical space
Navigation through implicit conceptual space
Metonymic learning Associative learning
Context as link between physical and conceptual
“ Context is not an outer container or shell inside of which people behave in certain ways. People consciously and deliberately generate contexts ... in part through their own [objectives]; hence context is not just ‘out there’.”
(Nardi, 1995: p38)
Context can be seen as an ever-playing movie
– each frame of current context is a progression from earlier ones
– entire movie is a resource for learning
– continually being constructed by the cast, from moment to moment, as they share artefacts and create mutual understanding through conversation
Diary
Braided
Tree
Rhizome
Creating context through
interaction: narrative structures
Phelps, K. Story Shapes for Digital Media. Glass Wings,
1998. http://www.glasswings.com.a
u/modern/shapes/. Thanks to Rob Jones for the illustrations
OOKLDiary narratives
Create and share
personal memories
Diary
OOKL: diary narratives
Visitors as curators
Creating multimedia conceptual spaces from museum visits
Interactive museum guides: braided
narratives
Braided
time
L = low chaosM= medium chaosH = high chaos
Chaotic encounter:
tree narratives
• Pocket PC, GPS, headphones
• Audio story based on Nottingham folktales
• Content adapts to listener’s movement patterns
• Progress through story depends on speed and direction of user
• Seamless audio narrative
• Traditional art gallery• Ultrasound tracking
system• Learning content
determined by movement– Current location– How long– Been there before
CAGE: rhizome narratives
Rhizome
• Traditional art gallery• Ultrasound tracking
system• Learning content
determined by movement– Current location– How long– Been there before
• Generated resources for conversation
CAGE: rhizome narratives
Tentative guidelines• Provide appropriate narratives to guide learners through
physical and conceptual spaces• Design the physical in the conceptual and the conceptual in
the physical• Enable learners to be curators• Support interaction through physical movement• Where appropriate, let the learner choose a narrative
structure• Avoid over-immersion• Match the interactivity and delivery to the audience
– Live delivery requires an audience in the same place at the same time
Challenges
• To connect and enrich physical and conceptual spaces for learning
• To construct rich meaning through physical interactions
• To explore co-creation of meaning through shared interactions
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