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Prepared for City of Virginia Beach, VirginiaPublic Works EngineeringSurface Water Regulatory Compliance Division SEPTEMBER 2017
MS4 Permit Annual Report - FY2017Permit # VA0088676Effective July 1, 2016 - June 30, 2021
City of Virginia Beach
MS4 Permit Annual Report -
FY2017
Prepared for
Cit y of V i rg inia Beach, V irg inia
Pub l ic Works Engineering
Surface Water Regulatory Compliance D i vis ion
September 2017
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Table of Contents
ii
Table of Contents
List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. iii
List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................... iii
List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................... iv
1. MS4 Permit Information ...................................................................................................................1-1
2. Stormwater Management .................................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Planning ...................................................................................................................................2-1
2.2 Construction Site Runoff and Post Construction Runoff from Areas of New Development
and Development on Prior Developed Lands .......................................................................2-4
2.3 Retrofitting on Prior Developed Lands ..................................................................................2-6
2.4 Roadways ................................................................................................................................2-7
2.5 Pesticide, Herbicide, and Fertilizer Application ....................................................................2-8
2.6 Illicit Discharges and Improper Disposal ...............................................................................2-9
2.7 Spill Prevention and Response ........................................................................................... 2-16
2.8 Industrial and High Risk Runoff .......................................................................................... 2-22
2.9 Stormwater Infrastructure Management ........................................................................... 2-28
2.10 City Facilities ........................................................................................................................ 2-30
2.11 Public Education/Participation ........................................................................................... 2-31
2.12 Training ................................................................................................................................. 2-37
2.13 Dry Weather Screening Program ........................................................................................ 2-39
2.14 Infrastructure Coordination ................................................................................................. 2-42
3. Monitoring Requirements .................................................................................................................3-1
3.1 In System/Wet Weather Monitoring ......................................................................................3-1
3.2 BMP Monitoring ......................................................................................................................3-2
3.3 Structural and Source Controls Compliance Monitoring and Tracking ...............................3-2
4. TMDL Action Plan and Implementation ...........................................................................................4-1
4.1 Chesapeake Bay Special Condition .......................................................................................4-1
4.2 TMDL Plans Other Than the Chesapeake Bay TMDL ...........................................................4-1
5. MS4 Program and Plan Requirements ............................................................................................5-1
5.1 Permittee Responsibilities .....................................................................................................5-1
5.2 MS4 Program Resources .......................................................................................................5-9
5.3 MS4 Program Plan ............................................................................................................... 5-10
5.4 MS4 Program Review and Updates .................................................................................... 5-10
Appendix A: Floatables Reduction Program Plan .................................................................................... A-1
Appendix B: Industrial and High Risk Facility Inspection Procedures and Form ................................. B-1
Appendix C: Single Family Residential Stormwater Management Facility Maintenance Strategy ......C-1
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Table of Contents
iii
Appendix D: HRPDC In System/Wet Weather Monitoring Summary .................................................... D-1
List of Figures
Figures 1 and 2 – Before and After Photos of Mill Dam Creek Stream Restoration ............................2-6
List of Tables
Table 2-1. PY1 Stormwater Management Project Evaluation Criteria and Implementation Status ...2-2
Table 2-2. List of Land Disturbing Activities That Qualify Under the Grandfathering Provision ..........2-5
Table 2-3. List of Permittee Lands Where Nutrients Are Applied .........................................................2-8
Table 2-4. List of Illicit Discharges During FY17 ................................................................................. 2-12
Table 2-5. List of Reportable Spills During FY17 ................................................................................ 2-17
Table 2-6. List of Non-VPDES Permitted Facilities and Outfall Inspection Status ............................ 2-23
Table 2-7. List of VPDES Permitted Facilities, DMR Status, and Outfall Inspection Status ............. 2-25
Table 2-8. FY17 DEQ Referral List ....................................................................................................... 2-28
Table 2-9. City Owned Stormwater Infrastructure............................................................................... 2-30
Table 2-10. High Priority Municipal Facilities ...................................................................................... 2-31
Table 2-11. List of Public Outreach and Education Activities ............................................................ 2-35
Table 2-12. Summary of Training Events ............................................................................................ 2-38
Table 2-13. Summary of Outfalls Screened ........................................................................................ 2-40
Table 3-1. List of In System/Wet Weather Monitoring Locations .........................................................3-1
Table 3-2. List of BMP Locations for Monitoring ....................................................................................3-2
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities ....................................................................................................5-1
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Table of Contents
iv
List of Abbreviations
BMP Best Management Practice
CA City Attorney
CIP Capital Improvement Program
City City of Virginia Beach
DEQ Virginia Department of Environmental
Quality
DMR Discharge Monitoring Report
Fire/FM Fire/Fire Marshal
Fire/OP Fire/Operations
FY Fiscal Year
GIS Geographic Information System
HRPDC Hampton Roads Planning District
Commission
HRSD Hampton Roads Sanitation District
HUC Hydrologic Unit Code
IDID Illicit Discharge and Improper Disposal
IMP Integrated Management Practices
MS4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System
MS4PP Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System
Program Plan
PL/DSC Planning and Community
Development/Development Services
Center
PL/PI Planning and Community
Development/Building Permits and
Inspections
PR/LM Parks and Recreation/Landscape
Management
PR/PO Parks and Recreation/Programming and
Operations
PU/ENG Public Utilities/Engineering
PW/BC Public Works/Business Center
PW/BMMS Public Works/Building Maintenance
Management and Support
PW/CE Public Works/Construction and
Engineering
PW/ESS Public Works/Engineering Support
Services
PW/FM Public Works/Fleet Management
PW/IESR Public Works/Inspections and
Environmental Spill Response
PW/IMC Public Works/Infrastructure Maintenance
Contracts
PW/MC Public Works/Mosquito Control
PW/OM Public Works/Operations and
Maintenance
PW/PM Public Works/Project Management
PW/SM Public Works/Street Maintenance
PW/SWRC Public Works/Surface Water Regulatory
Compliance
PW/TPPM Public Works/Transportation Program
and Project Management
PW/TSAM Public Works/Technical Services and
Asset Management
PW/WMR Public Works/Waste Management
Recycling
PY Permit Year
ROW Right-of-Way
Schools/FO Schools/Facility Operations
SLAF Stormwater Local Assistance Fund
SWMF Storm Water Management Facility
TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load
USGS United States Geological Survey
VESCP Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control
Program
VPDES Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System
VSMP Virginia Stormwater Management
Program
WPIT Water Pollution Investigation Team
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 1
1-1
Section 1
MS4 Permit Information
The City of Virginia Beach (City) was reissued its Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4)
Permit on June 2, 2016. MS4 Permit No. VA0088676 became effective July 1, 2016, was modified
on August 11, 2017, and expires June 30, 2021. The City submitted its MS4 Program Plan to the
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) on June 30, 2017 and received approval on
August 22, 2017. The permit requires the City to develop and submit an annual report in accordance
with permit section Part I.E Annual Reporting. This Annual Report documents the specific reporting
requirements for fiscal year (FY) 2017 which includes the period of July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2017.
This section includes the required background information detailed in Part I.E. and the certification
statement as required in Part II.K.
Permittee and Permit Number
Permittee: The City of Virginia Beach
Permit Number: VA0088676
MS4 Program Plan Modifications
The MS4 Program Plan has not been modified since the June 30, 2017 submittal to DEQ.
Reporting Dates
The Annual Report covers FY2017 (July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2017) which is also referred to as
Permit Year (PY) 1 within the document. Future Annual Reports will correspond to the following
timeframes:
• PY2 – FY2018 (July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018)
• PY3 – FY2019 (July 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019)
• PY4 – FY2020 (July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020)
• PY5 – FY2021 (July 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021)
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-1
Section 2
Stormwater Management
This section summarizes the implementation, specific reporting requirements, and an effectiveness
evaluation of each MS4 Permit component in Part I.B, as required by Part I.E, Annual Reporting.
2.1 Planning
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the process of identifying potential stormwater management projects and
the projects implemented during PY1 as specified in Section I.B.1.
During PY1, the City completed one stormwater management project, and developed a list of
potential stormwater management projects to evaluate and prioritize. The list of potential
stormwater projects was developed through the City’s internal site selection process. The evaluation
criteria included: the type of management practice, treated acres (pervious and impervious),
pollutants removed (nitrogen, phosphorus, and total suspended solids), feasibility of implementation,
implementation cost, and condition of downstream channel.
The pollutant removal values were calculated using the methodology consistent with the total
maximum daily load (TMDL) Action Plan implementation and the Virginia Stormwater Management
Program (VSMP) requirements.
The City determined project feasibility through multiple avenues. Projects on publicly owned lands
were considered most feasible and stormwater management facility (SWMF) retrofit projects were
also considered highly feasible. Site visits were conducted to further determine a project’s feasibility.
Implementation costs were estimated based on planning level information about the project’s
components, typical unit costs, and comparisons to other similar construction projects. Stormwater
projects are identified based on an initial concept site evaluation. The projects are prioritized based
on cost efficiency, watershed location, pollutant reductions achieved, and other factors. Projects are
funded through the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) and funding is allocated to begin design
based on the project prioritization and available funding.
During PY1, the City focused on identifying projects within the Chesapeake Bay TMDL region. This
included sites within the Lynnhaven River, Little Creek, and Elizabeth River watersheds.
Potential stormwater projects were prioritized based on consideration of all the criteria. Table 2.1
provides a summary of the specific projects identified and their implementation status.
A project status update is posted to the City’s website within 30 days of the approval of project
design funding. It is the City’s goal to select diverse project types and construct projects throughout
the City. Project identification efforts will continue in PY2.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include an updated project summary sheet.
The current stormwater management project list is provided in Table 2-1.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-2
Table 2-1. PY1 Stormwater Management Project Evaluation Criteria and Implementation Status
Project Name Type of SWMF
Treated
Impervious
Acres
Treated
Pervious
Acres
Total Treated
Acres
Condition of
Downstream
Channel
Estimated
Pounds of Total
Phosphorus
Removed
(lbs/yr)
Estimated
Pounds of
Total Nitrogen
Removed
(lbs/yr)
Estimated
Pounds of Total
Suspended Solids
Removed
(lbs/yr)
Feasibility of
Implementation
Estimated Total
Project Cost ($)
Implementation Status: Construction Completed in PY1
Mill Dam
Creek
Stream
Restoration
Stream
Restoration 59.3 44.7 104.0 Adequate 80.0 235.4 364,870 Good $730,000
Manufactured
Treatment
Device -
Filtering
0.35 0.00 0.35 Adequate 0.2 3.7 31 Good $173,000
Implementation Status: Design Initiated in PY1
Kemps Lake
Water Quality
Retrofit
Phase 1
Level II Wet
Pond 563.6 312.1 875.7 Adequate 329.6 1,312.7 242,120 Good
$5,600,000 Kemps Lake
Water Quality
Retrofit
Phase 1A
Level I Wet
Pond 77.6 79.6 157.2 Adequate 10.0 31.7 27,860 Good
Implementation Status: Potential Projects Under Consideration
Pembroke
Meadows
Park at
Alfriends
Trail Stream
Restoration
Stream
Restoration 1.3 4.0 5.3
Adequate
(LR Western
Branch)
8.5 15.5 13,600 Poor $456,000
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-3
Table 2-1. PY1 Stormwater Management Project Evaluation Criteria and Implementation Status
Project Name Type of SWMF
Treated
Impervious
Acres
Treated
Pervious
Acres
Total Treated
Acres
Condition of
Downstream
Channel
Estimated
Pounds of Total
Phosphorus
Removed
(lbs/yr)
Estimated
Pounds of
Total Nitrogen
Removed
(lbs/yr)
Estimated
Pounds of Total
Suspended Solids
Removed
(lbs/yr)
Feasibility of
Implementation
Estimated Total
Project Cost ($)
Lynnhaven
Park
Constructed
Wetlands
Project
Level I
Constructed
Wetland
11.8 9.0 20.8
Adequate
(Mill Dam
Creek)
13.1 68.5 3,722 Good $517,000
Chatham
Hall Lake
Water Quality
Retrofit
Level II Wet
Pond 135.6 104.4 240.0
Adequate
(60" pipe) 68.2 243.8 15,974 Good $1,812,000
Hilllock
Crossing
Park
Level I Wet
Pond 4.6 3.7 8.3
Adequate
(36" pipe) 5.2 16.7 1,553 Poor $160,000
Bayville Farm
SWMF
Retrofit
Project
Level II Wet
Pond 31.2 114.7 145.9
Adequate
(24" pipe) 38.6 133.1 5,880 Good $666,000
Kemps
Landing
Stream
Restoration
Project
Stream
Restoration 246.0 248.0 494.0
Adequate
(channel) 64.6 71.3 294,485 Good $1,368,000
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-4
• Each annual report shall include a current web link to the project status page.
The City maintains a web link for the Public Works Engineering Surface Water Regulatory Compliance
Division at: https://www.vbgov.com/government/departments/public-works/surface-water-
regulation/Pages/default.aspx. The web link includes a link to the individual Project Fact Sheets for
the Kemps Lake SWMF Retrofit project.
• Each annual report shall include a status update for those water quality projects for which
implementation or construction occurred during the reporting year.
During PY1, the City completed the Mill Dam Creek Stream Restoration, which included 1,177 linear
feet of stream and a manufactured treatment device to treat runoff from a 0.35-acre parking lot. The
project is located within the Lynnhaven River watershed.
The City also began the design of the Kemps Lake SWMF Retrofit, which will convert an existing wet
pond to a Level II wet pond to meet the Virginia Stormwater Best Management Practice (BMP)
Clearinghouse requirements. The project is located within the Elizabeth River watershed.
Construction is anticipated to begin in PY2.
Program Evaluation
The City’s program is currently meeting the permit requirement to track potential stormwater
management projects.
2.2 Construction Site Runoff and Post Construction Runoff from
Areas of New Development and Development on Prior
Developed Lands
Summary of Implementation
This section documents Permit Section I.B.2.a. requirements for implementing a local erosion and
sediment control program and a stormwater management program consistent with Virginia codes
and regulations. The City is a Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Program (VESCP) authority and a
VSMP authority. The City’s programs are overseen by five certified program administrators. Program
administrators are staffed in the following departments and divisions: Public Works/Engineering,
Public Works/Operations, Planning & Community Development/Development Services Center,
Planning & Community Development/Permits and Inspections, and Public Utilities/Engineering.
VSMP Implementation Plans are maintained by each of the administrators.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall contain the number of regulated land disturbing activities approved
and the total number of acres disturbed.
During PY1, the City approved 1,450 land disturbing activities, which disturbed a total of 815 acres.
• Each annual report shall contain the number of land disturbing activity inspections
conducted and the number and type of each enforcement action taken.
During PY1, the City completed 20,793 land disturbing inspections. Of these inspections, there were
13 enforcement actions taken, including 2 notices of corrective actions and 11 notices to comply.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-5
• Each annual report shall include a list of land disturbing projects that qualify under the
‘Grandfathering’ provision of the VSMP regulations found at 9VAC25-870-48 that receive
coverage under the General VPDES Permit for Discharges of Stormwater from Construction
Activities during the reporting period.
During PY1, 14 projects that qualify under the grandfathering provision of the VSMP regulations
received coverage under the General Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) Permit
for Discharges of Stormwater from Construction Activities. Table 2-2 provides a list of those projects.
Table 2-2. List of Land Disturbing Activities That Qualify Under the Grandfathering Provision
Date Project Name Location (HUC 6) Acres Disturbed
07/01/2016 Marlin Bay Extension and Winston Place CB25 1.85
08/15/2016 Happy Boxes Lynnhaven CB25 1.70
09/01/2016 Amstel Square Section I and II AS13 10.73
10/01/2016 Town Center Phase 6 Lot 9 CB25 1.01
10/17/2016 Godfrey Farm Subdivision CB25 2.51
11/15/2016 Harbour Point AO23 5.99
12/01/2016 North Lake Holly Watershed
Improvements Section IV AO23 3.98
12/14/2016 Telefonica AS18 3.50
12/15/2016 Witchduck Road Phase II JL54 20.10
12/27/2016 Salem Crossing Shopping Center AS14 1.74
01/16/2017
South Lake Holly Watershed
Improvements Section IV Capital
Improvement Program (CIP) 7 016
AO23 11.45
02/01/2017 Thomas Bishop Lane Subdivision CB25 1.16
06/01/2017 Virginia Wesleyan College Track and
Field Improvements JL54 4.95
06/30/2017 Wegmans CB25 9.00
• Each annual report shall include a summary of actions taken by the permittee to implement
Part I.B.2.a)1) and 2) of this state permit.
The land disturbing permits issued, and enforcement actions taken by the City during PY1 are
included in the summary of implementation above. Other actions conducted by the City in PY 1
include: 1) monthly coordination meetings with the five certified program administrators, and 2) a
Memorandum of Agreement was executed to document the implementation of the VSMP, VESCP,
and the MS4 permit among the responsible departments.
Program Evaluation
The City’s program is currently meeting the permit requirements for implementation of local erosion
and sediment control and stormwater management programs.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-6
2.3 Retrofitting on Prior Developed Lands
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the City’s progress towards implementing stormwater management retrofit
projects on prior developed lands as required in Permit Section I.B.2.b. As discussed in Section 2.1,
the City maintains a list of potential stormwater management projects, including retrofit projects
within the Chesapeake Bay and local TMDL watersheds. The current list of active and potential
projects is shown in Table 2-1. The City plans to complete five retrofit projects before the expiration
date of the permit on June 30, 2021.
Mill Dam Creek Stream Restoration
The Mill Dam Creek stream restoration project was completed during PY1. The project was partially
funded through the Stormwater Local Assistance Fund (SLAF) administered by DEQ. The Mill Dam
Creek stream restoration project restored a total of 1,177 linear feet of stream within the Lynnhaven
River watershed. The project also included a manufactured treatment device designed to filter runoff
from a nearby parking lot before draining into the creek. Benefits of the restoration project included
bank stabilization, the creation of floodplain benches, improved water quality, pollution reduction
from the parking lot, improved habitats for aquatic flora and fauna, and improved drainage capacity
through the utilization of Natural Channel Design techniques. Additionally, the restored stream
provides aesthetic benefits to the neighboring community. Figures 1 and 2 show a portion of the
stream channel before and after the restoration project was complete. The photos show a portion of
the stream looking at the banks and an outfall. The banks were revegetated and rip-rap and gravel
were added to the outfall to reduce localized erosion.
Figures 1 and 2 – Before and After Photos of Mill Dam Creek Stream Restoration
Kemps Lake Water Quality Retrofit Project
The Kemps Lake Water Quality Retrofit is located within the Elizabeth River watershed. Project
design was initiated in PY1 and construction is planned during PY2. The project will include the
creation of wetland areas, pretreatment forebays, and aeration of the lake. The Kemps Lake Water
Quality Retrofit was awarded SLAF funding by DEQ in FY16.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-7
Chatham Hall Lake Water Quality Improvement Project
The City received FY17 SLAF funding for the Chatham Hall Lake Water Quality Improvement Project.
Design and construction are planned for future permit years. The Chatham Hall Lake Water Quality
Improvement Project will retrofit the existing lake to improve the treatment ability of the lake and
remove additional pollutants. Once completed, this project will help reduce nutrients from storm
water in the Elizabeth River watershed, which drains into the Chesapeake Bay.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include a status update for those projects for which implementation
began during the reporting period.
The retrofit projects are included in the project summary sheet documented in Table 2.1. The table
includes a status summary for each project including anticipated pollution reductions. During PY1,
the City completed one retrofit project and has one retrofit design underway.
Program Evaluation
The City’s program is currently on track to meet the permit criterion to complete five retrofit projects
by June 30, 2021. After completing a review of the current program, the City has identified
improvements for the remaining permit years. The City will identify projects in local phosphorus and
bacteria TMDL watersheds to create a more robust project list and utilize the revised list to select
additional projects for design and construction in subsequent permit years.
2.4 Roadways
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the City’s implementation of the permit requirements from Section I.B.2.c.
for roadway maintenance.
Deicing Material Storage
During PY1, the City evaluated their municipal facilities to verify that deicing materials were stored
under cover and protected from precipitation. Deicing materials are stored at four Public Works (PW)
Department maintenance yards; Dam Neck Yard, Pungo Yard, Euclid Yard, and Oceana Yard. The
Parks and Recreation (PR) Department also stores deicing materials at a PR Department facility.
Deicing Material Content
Virginia code § 3.2-3607.2. prohibits the sale of deicing agents containing urea. Deicing agents used
by City departments are in compliance with Virginia code.
Roadway Maintenance Pollution Control and Records
The City currently records and updates a list of City maintained roads and streets, including street
names.
The City currently maintains all public local, collector roads and arterials within the City boundary.
City crews and contractors place appropriate erosion and sediment control and stormwater
management measures at curb inlets during street maintenance projects to reduce sediments and
construction debris from entering the MS4. The City also conducts a street sweeping program along
public roads to reduce sediment and debris along curbs and within gutters.
Program Evaluation
The City is in compliance with the permit requirements for the storage and application of deicing
materials and is on schedule for the completion of its roadways database and maintenance
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-8
protocols. During PY2, the City will report the miles of street treated and not treated by SWMFs.
During PY3, the City will develop written protocols for roadway maintenance.
2.5 Pesticide, Herbicide, and Fertilizer Application
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer permit requirements specified in
Section I.B.2.d. The City is dedicated to the conscientious application of pesticides, herbicides, and
fertilizers to minimize environmental impacts in each of its watersheds. The City previously
developed a Turf and Nutrient Management Plan which included all municipal land where nutrients
are applied at the time of Plan development. The plan was developed by a certified nutrient
management planner. During PY1 the City identified all municipal lands where nutrients are currently
applied to a contiguous area of more than one acre.
At this time, the City does not have an Integrated Pest Management Plan.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• The annual report due October 1, 2017 shall contain a list of all permittee lands and
applicable acreage on which nutrients are applied to more than one contiguous acre.
The City identified 33 municipally owned lands greater than one acre where nutrients are applied.
The list of municipal lands is shown in Table 2-3. The total acreage is 65.48 acres.
Table 2-3. List of Permittee Lands Where Nutrients Are Applied
Managed Area Identification Area (Ac) Latitude Longitude
Williams Farm Park Athletic Field 10.40 76.15751 36.86166
City View Baseball Field A 1.60 76.20031 36.77588
City View Baseball Field B 1.59 76.20101 36.77513
City View Baseball Field C 1.61 76.20212 36.77580
City View Baseball Field D 1.58 76.20139 36.77663
City View Multipurpose Field E 2.24 76.20012 36.77748
Great Neck Middle School Athletic Field 1.51 76.06022 36.89626
Tallwood High School Stadium Field 1.36 76.18281 36.78331
Landstown High School Stadium Field 1.91 76.10248 36.78047
Salem High School Stadium Field 1.53 76.14475 36.78202
Green Run High School Stadium Field 1.74 76.10992 36.80612
Kempsville High School Stadium Field 1.49 76.15606 36.82006
First Colonial High School Stadium Field 1.68 76.02804 36.87311
Ocean Lakes High School Stadium Field 1.82 75.98062 36.77048
Bayside High School Stadium Field 1.45 76.15131 36.87097
Cox High School Stadium Field 1.49 76.05408 36.88728
Princess Anne High School Stadium Field 1.72 76.12503 36.84770
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-9
Table 2-3. List of Permittee Lands Where Nutrients Are Applied
Managed Area Identification Area (Ac) Latitude Longitude
Princess Anne Middle School Stadium Field 1.70 76.05681 36.75765
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field A 2.15 76.09514 36.76664
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field B 2.15 76.09491 36.76543
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field C 2.15 76.09447 36.76314
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field D 2.15 76.09418 36.76734
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field E 2.15 76.09396 36.76616
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field F 2.15 76.09376 36.76500
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field G 2.15 76.09355 36.76382
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field H 1.50 76.09576 36.76296
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field I 1.52 76.09554 36.76181
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field J 1.51 76.09701 36.76159
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field K 1.49 76.09730 36.76283
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field L 1.51 76.09870 36.76262
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field M 1.51 76.09846 36.76141
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field N 1.50 76.09993 36.76124
Princess Anne Athletic Complex Field O 1.47 76.10021 36.76244
• Each annual report shall report on compliance with the turf and landscape nutrient
management plan implementation schedule and include a list of the permittee’s properties
for which turf and landscape nutrient management plans have been implemented during the
reporting year and the cumulative total of acreage under turf and landscape nutrient
management plans.
The total acreage of identified lands where nutrients are applied is 65.48 acres which is included in
the Turf and Nutrient Management Plan.
• Each annual report shall include the number of acres managed under Integrated Pest
Management Plans.
The City does not currently have an Integrated Pest Management Plan.
Program Evaluation
The City is currently meeting PY1 requirements and is exceeding the required implementation
schedule for Turf and Nutrient Management Plans.
2.6 Illicit Discharges and Improper Disposal
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the City’s implementation of illicit discharge and improper disposal (IDID)
requirements included as Section I.B.2.e. of the permit.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-10
IDID Program
The City has implemented an IDID Program since 1996. To coordinate efforts among City
departments, a Water Pollution Investigation Team (WPIT) was established in PY1 and meets
regularly to discuss and coordinate on illicit discharge related issues including responsible parties,
training, reporting, and enforcement. The team is composed of representatives from Public Works,
Public Utilities, Housing and Neighborhood Preservation, Fire Department, Police Department, and
the City Attorney (CA).
There are several established avenues for citizens to contact the City to report suspected illicit
discharges. Residents may contact the City through VB311, 911, or via the SeeClickFix application.
The City also maintains an extension at 757-385-1470 to receive IDID reports. When a report is filed,
the inspectors from Public Works/Inspections and Environmental Spill Response (PW/IESR) respond
to the report and try to determine the type and source of the illicit discharge.
Inspectors from PW/IESR will conduct source tracking using the City’s Geographic Information
System (GIS) mapping of the storm sewer network to determine the source. When the source is
determined, the inspectors provide information to the responsible party about the City’s Storm Sewer
Ordinance, issue a Notice of Violation to the responsible party, and have the responsible party
contain and clean up the affected areas. The City will conduct additional enforcement actions up to
and including legal action, if necessary.
If the source is not able to be determined, the inspectors will contain the illicit discharge and conduct
follow up investigations until a source is found or it is determined that the discharge is no longer
occurring. Any time a reportable illicit discharge is verified, whether the source is found or not,
PW/IESR inspectors will notify and report their findings to DEQ within 24 hours of verifying the
discharge.
Floatables Reduction Program
The City completed the development of a Floatables Reduction Program Plan during PY1 which
identified current floatable source control strategies and sites that will be monitored during the
permit term. The five sites that will be monitored are:
1. Abingdon Village
2. Lake Edward
3. Princess Anne Plaza Townhomes/Lynnhaven Elementary School
4. Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art (East and West)
5. Glenwood Elementary School
The Floatables Reduction Program Plan is included in Appendix A.
Sanitary Sewer Inspections
The City continues to conduct Sanitary Sewer Evaluation Studies (SSES) in our collection system in
accordance with our DEQ approved Management, Operations, and Maintenance Program. The City
uses a criticality model and prioritization tool to focus on the areas where the SSES field activities
occur each year. The model and tool uses consequence of failure and likelihood of failure scores to
assign sanitary sewer service areas into one of four risk categories. Sanitary sewer service areas are
then investigated in accordance with their ranking/risk category. Serious defects noted during our
SSES investigations are referred to our Find and Fix program to address defects that have caused or
may cause sanitary sewer overflows, excessive inflow/infiltration, or lead to maintenance issues.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-11
Household Hazardous Waste Collection Events
Household hazardous waste collection events are included in the Public Education/Participation,
Section 2.11, of the Annual Report.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include a list of illicit discharges identified, the source, a description
of follow-up activities and whether the illicit discharge has been eliminated.
During PY1, the City identified nine illicit discharges which are included in Table 2-4.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-12
Table 2-4. List of Illicit Discharges During FY17
Date
Identified
Location
/Address
HUC 6
(VAHU6)
Description
and
Source
Summary & Follow-up
Date Eliminated or
Resolved and
Status
7/20/2016 5630
Princess
Anne Rd
JL54 Paint
(pressure
wash)
Painters were pressure washing the walls at a shopping plaza in preparation of
repainting the walls of the plaza. The painters did not clean up the paint chips
removed during the pressure washing and the paint chips entered the onsite
storm drainage system. Inspectors investigated the situation and determined that
only the onsite storm system was impacted with paint chips. Inspectors informed
the owner of the painting company that this is a violation of the City's storm sewer
ordinance and had the company immediately clean both the area where they were
working and the impacted storm system. Inspectors issued a Notice of Violation
and educated on the importance of environmental policy. Inspectors also notified
the property management company of the incident. After cleaning the site and
storm system, the painting company provided protection to the storm inlets near
their work area so that the paint chips could not reach the storm system going
forward.
7/20/2016
No Longer
Occurring
7/21/2016 5370
Canterford
Lane
JL54 Chlorinated
Water
(pool)
Inspectors were called out to a condominium property for a complaint that the
condominium was discharging pool water into the storm drain. When inspectors
arrived, the discharging was not going on; however, after speaking with the
maintenance supervisor it was determined that they pumped the water from the
pool into the storm drain to service the lights in the pool. Inspectors informed the
maintenance supervisor that this activity was a violation of the City's storm sewer
ordinance. The maintenance supervisor assured the inspector that for future
maintenance to the pool, they will discharge the pool water directly into the
sanitary sewer system rather than directly into the storm sewer system.
8/5/2016
No Longer
Occurring
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-13
Table 2-4. List of Illicit Discharges During FY17
Date
Identified
Location
/Address
HUC 6
(VAHU6)
Description
and
Source
Summary & Follow-up
Date Eliminated or
Resolved and
Status
8/30/2016 1116
Lynnhaven
Pkwy
CB25 Oil/Grease/
Cleaners
(dumping)
A citizen complained that an employee of a service station was cleaning a mop
and wash bucket out with bleach in the parking lot and that the wash water was
being discharged into the onsite storm sewer system. The mop had been used to
clean the floor of the service bays. Inspectors arrived the day after the incident
and did not see evidence of the discharge, but spoke with the manager of the
facility about the complaint. The manager gave inspectors a tour of the facility
noting spill kits and containers used to collect used vehicle fluids. The manager
stated that he would reinforce good housekeeping training to his employees and
that they are not to wash any materials into the storm drain.
8/30/2016
No Longer
Occurring
9/7/2016 4337
Blackbeard
Rd
CB25 Fuel
(Unknown)
A citizen reported the odor and presence of fuel oil or diesel fuel on the lake
behind his house. Inspectors arrived and confirmed that there was a slight odor
and an oil sheen on a portion of the lake behind his house. Inspectors tracked
upstream of the homeowner and other areas around the lake, but were not able to
determine the source. Subsequent investigations on September 8th and 13th
revealed that no new product had entered the lake and that the illicit discharge of
fuel was no longer occurring.
9/7/2016
No Longer
Occurring
10/28/2016 1001
Providence
Square
JL54 Grease
(dumping)
A complaint was received that employees from a business were dumping mop
wash water out the rear door of the business. Inspectors arrived and observed
what appeared to be accumulated grease and cooking waste on the parking lot at
the rear door of the business. Inspectors spoke with the business owner and the
owner stated that they had dumped grease and wash water into the parking lot.
Inspectors informed the owner that this was in violation with the City's storm
sewer ordinance and issued the owner a Notice of Violation and gave the owner 5
days to have the site cleaned up. Inspectors re-investigated the business later and
found that the site had been cleaned and that there was no visible contamination
to the downstream storm sewer system.
10/28/2016
No Longer
Occurring
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-14
Table 2-4. List of Illicit Discharges During FY17
Date
Identified
Location
/Address
HUC 6
(VAHU6)
Description
and
Source
Summary & Follow-up
Date Eliminated or
Resolved and
Status
11/21/2016 1609
General
Booth Blvd
AS18 Grease
(dumping)
A complaint was received that employees from a restaurant were dumping
cooking grease into the landscape bed next to the restaurant. Inspectors arrived
onsite and found evidence of the dumping and informed the manager that
dumping grease is a violation of the City's storm sewer discharge ordinance and
issued the restaurant a Notice of Violation. The grease was contained between
two yard inlets and the manager hired a cleanup contractor to clean the onsite
storm sewer system.
11/21/2016
No Longer
Occurring
11/23/2016 1325 Lake
James Dr
JL54 Unusual Color
(unknown)
Citizens complained of a cloud/plume of discolored water discharging into the
lake from a storm sewer outfall pipe. Fire Department's Hazmat team was onsite
when inspectors arrived and had conducted tests of the water and determined
that no hazardous substances existing in the discharge. The 84-inch outfall pipe
services a commercial shopping center and roadway drainage for three different
streets. Inspectors investigated the upstream storm sewer network to try and
determine the source of the discolored discharge; however, a source was never
determined. Inspectors continued to monitor the situation and no additional
discolored discharge was ever noticed by residents or inspectors. Residents
agreed to call back if the discharge ever occurred again. It was determined that
the illicit discharge was no longer occurring.
11/23/2016
No Longer
Occurring
3/30/2017 3664
Virginia
Beach Blvd.
CB25 Vehicle wash
water
While conducting a site visit with representatives of DEQ, evidence was found that
the facility was washing vehicles on-site without any pretreatment before directly
discharging into the City’s MS4 system. The City issued a letter advising the
facility that they should cease washing vehicles on-site until proper pretreatment
devices were installed. The City has followed up with a representative of the
facility to discuss pretreatment options. The City will continue to monitor the site
for vehicle washing discharges.
N/A
Ongoing
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-15
Table 2-4. List of Illicit Discharges During FY17
Date
Identified
Location
/Address
HUC 6
(VAHU6)
Description
and
Source
Summary & Follow-up
Date Eliminated or
Resolved and
Status
3/30/2017 3269
Virginia
Beach Blvd.
CB25 Vehicle wash
water
While conducting a site visit with representatives of DEQ, evidence was found that
the facility was washing vehicles on-site without any pretreatment before directly
discharging into the City’s MS4 system. The City issued a letter advising the
facility that they should cease washing vehicles on-site until proper pretreatment
devices were installed. The City has followed up with a representative of the
facility and the facility plans to install a temporary pretreatment device, until they
are able to construct a wash bay that will connect to sanitary sewer system. The
City will follow up with the representative and monitor progress.
N/A
Ongoing
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-16
• Each annual report shall include the amount of linear feet of sanitary sewer inspected during
the reporting year.
During PY1, the City inspected 175,285 linear feet of sanitary sewer.
• The annual report due October 1, 2017 shall include a description of the procedures the
permittee will implement to reduce floatables as required by Part I.B.2.e)3) including
procedures to determine the floatables reduction program effectiveness.
Procedures for the City’s floatables program are included in Appendix A.
Program Evaluation
The City has implemented an effective IDID program. In PY1 the City met the requirements for illicit
discharge response and reporting, and developed a floatables reduction program (see Appendix A).
The City exceeded the minimum annual requirements for the linear feet of sanitary sewer
inspections in PY1, and is on track to meet the required 730,000 linear feet of sanitary sewer
inspections by the end of the permit term.
2.7 Spill Prevention and Response
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the City’s implementation of the spill prevention and response requirements
identified in Section I.B.2.f. of the permit. The Fire Department, Public Utilities, and City contractors
are responsible for the containment of spills and implementing clean-up efforts. If requested,
PW/IESR inspectors will assist the Fire Department with supplies (booms, etc.) and with knowledge
of the storm sewer network.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include a list of spills, that qualify for immediate reporting as
required under Part II.G and H of this state permit the source (identified to the best of the
permittee’s ability), and a description of follow-up activities taken.
During PY1, the City had 21 reportable spills which are summarized in Table 2-5. The table includes
the date the spill was identified, the location, a description of the spill material, the source of the
spill, and a summary and follow up actions.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-17
Table 2-5. List of Reportable Spills During FY17
Date Identified Location /
Address
Description and
Source Summary & Follow-up
8/12/2016 717 General
Booth Blvd
Sewage
(spill)
At approximately 10am on August 12, the hose clamp inside the pump cabinet broke from the
discharge line at the Owl's Creek Boater Pump Out Facility. The staff immediately shut down the
pump upon failure and it was estimated that approximately two gallons of sanitary sewage spilled
from the pump cabinet into Owl's Creek. By the time city inspectors arrived on site there was no
evidence of sanitary sewage on the pier in the cabinet or in the water. The pump remained out of
service until a construction contractor repaired the clamp and hose in the afternoon of August 12.
The facility was operational after the repairs were made.
8/31/2016 Broad Bay Dr
C/S Alphine Rd
Other Vehicle
Fluid
(spill)
A City Waste Management automated garbage truck leaked approximately 70-gallons of hydraulic
oil on the streets throughout the Bay Island subdivision roadways. City inspectors assisted Waste
Management in applying oil sponge powder to the puddles and assisted with the cleanup and
disposal of the used powder. None of the spilled hydraulic fluid made it into the storm drain.
9/9/2016 5201 Virginia
Beach Blvd C/S
Northridge Rd
Other
(spill)
A vehicle accident occurred at the 5200 block of Virginia Beach Boulevard involving a power pole
with a transformer. The truck struck the power pole, causing the pole and transformer to flip into the
bed of the truck. The transformer spilled approximately 63 gallons of non-PCB transformer oil into
the bed of the truck, which spilled onto the roadway and eventually into a nearby curb inlet. A
search of the downstream storm drains revealed the oil had migrated approximately 1400-feet west
to a manhole at Clearfield Avenue. Absorbent booms and pads were placed in the bottom of the
manhole to prevent any further migration of the oil. The City contractor arrived and cleaned up the
accident area along with the affected storm drainage network.
9/29/2016 14th ST C/S
CYPRESS AVE
Fuel
(spill)
Inspectors received call from a city employee reporting that a City truck had ruptured its diesel fuel
tank, spilling approximately 30 gallons of diesel fuel onto street. The truck was in the 700 Block
14th Street outside the fence for the Highway Yard on gravel. When the inspectors arrived on site,
city crews were applying absorbents to the spill. City crews had also installed a dirt berm around the
free liquid to prevent further migration of the fuel; no spilled fuel entered the storm drain. The truck
was moved into the Highway Yard and a catch all was placed under the damaged tank to capture
any remaining fuel. Inspectors then covered the free liquid inside the dike with absorbents. Due to
the volume of fuel spilled and the amount of absorbents used, Inspectors requested that the City
contractor respond to assist with the cleanup and disposal. The City contractor packed 3-55 gallon
drums of contaminated dirt, gravel and absorbents, and transported them to their facility for proper
disposal.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-18
Table 2-5. List of Reportable Spills During FY17
Date Identified Location /
Address
Description and
Source Summary & Follow-up
10/6/2016 First Colonial Rd
C/S I-264
Other Vehicle
Fluid
(spill)
A low boy carrying an excavator passed under the I-264 overpass on First Colonial Road. The
excavator collided with the overpass causing damage to the hydraulic cylinder on the excavator, and
spilling approximately 20 gallons of hydraulic oil onto the roadway. Approximately one gallon of the
spilled oil made it into a nearby curb inlet and soaked into sediment in the bottom of the curb inlet
structure, and did not migrate downstream of the structure. Inspectors assisted crews from the
construction company to clean the roadway, remove the oil laden sediment, and wipe down the curb
inlet structure with absorbent pads.
10/9/2016 Ps-335
Diamond Lake
Estates/ 1032
Norwich Ave
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to extreme weather event occurred at Pump Station 335. The duration of
the spill and the spilled quantity is unknown. Crews secured the site as soon as possible and got the
pump station pumping as best as possible. It is unknown how much of the spill was recovered or
how much reached state waters.
10/9/2016 Pw-201 2244
First Landing Ln
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to extreme weather event occurred at Pump Station 201. The spill/outage
lasted 84 hours and the spilled quantity is unknown. Crews cleaned up the spill as best as possible.
It is unknown how much of the spill was recovered or how much reached state waters.
10/10/2016 Ps-106
Birdneck Point
South/ 928
Bobolink Dr
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to extreme weather event occurred at Pump Station 106. The spill lasted
approximately one day and the spilled quantity is unknown. Crews secured pump station and got
pump station operating as soon as possible after the weather event. It is unknown how much of the
spill was recovered or how much reached state waters.
10/10/2016 Ps-303
Chesapeake
Beach Powells
Point/ 4607
Powells Point
Rd
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to extreme weather event occurred at Pump Station 303. The sanitary
sewer spill lasted roughly one hour and approximate 8,500 gallons of discharge occurred. Crews
replaced the hose as quickly as possible and cleaned up the spill as best as possible. As noted in
the report to DEQ, crews were unsure if all of the spill was recovered; however, it is estimated that
none of the spill reached state waters.
10/10/2016 Ps-632
Sandbridge
South/ 3225
Sandpiper Rd
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to extreme weather event occurred at Pump Station 632. The duration of
the spill and the spilled quantity is unknown. Crews did their best to get the pump station back in
operation and cleaned up the spill as best as possible. It is unknown how much of the spill was
recovered or how much reached state waters.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-19
Table 2-5. List of Reportable Spills During FY17
Date Identified Location /
Address
Description and
Source Summary & Follow-up
1/27/2017 Ps-223 At 1113
Blackburn Ln
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to a shear in the 10-inch sewer force main occurred at Pump Station 223.
The spill lasted 55 minutes and approximately 500 gallons spilled. Crews secured the station as
quickly as possible and started cleaning up the spill. Crews used a repair clamp to fix the leak at the
sheared section of the line. Approximately 450 gallons were recovered and an estimated 50 gallons
reached state waters.
2/12/2017 Ps-321 Osprey
St/ 465
Peregrine St
Sewage
(spill)
A main line stoppage occurred at Pump Station 312 and lasted approximately 1 hour and 15
minutes. Crews took necessary actions and precautions to prevent any possible overflow spillage.
Because of this there was no overflow related spill due to the main line stoppage repair. Any spill
related to this stoppage was cleaned up as best as possible.
2/15/2017 Ps-512 456
Abbotsleigh Ct/
2748 Robert
Jackson Dr
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to a shear in the 12-in sewer force main occurred at Pump Station 512. The
spill lasted 2 hours and 45 minutes and approximately 750 gallons. Crews shut down stations and
secured valves. Crews also placed sand into the storm drain to contain the flow and cleaned up the
spill as best as possible, removing the contaminated sand upon completion. Approximately 700
gallons were recovered and an estimated 50 gallons reached state waters.
2/18/2017 Ps-460 5339
Albright Dr
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to a main line stoppage occurred at Pump Station 460. The spill lasted 1
hour and 10 minutes and approximately 75 gallons spilled. Crews cleaned up the spill as best as
possible and recovered 80 gallons including stormwater and it is estimated that none of the spill
reached state waters.
2/23/2017 Ps-322 1430
Dunstan Ln/
1449 Five Forks
Rd
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to a leaking sewer force main occurred at Pump Station 322. The spill
lasted 16 minutes and approximately 800 gallons spilled. Crews blocked the storm drain with a
spill sock and vacuumed out the storm drain until dry. Crews also secured the station and replaced
the leaking valve. Approximately 500 gallons were recovered and an estimated 300 gallons
reached state waters.
3/9/2017 Sullivan Blvd
C/S Witchduck
Rd
Other Vehicle
Fluid
(spill)
A construction vehicle collided with a power pole causing a hydraulic line on the vehicle to break
and possibly the cylinder as well. Approximately 10 gallons of hydraulic oil spilled onto the roadway
with a portion of the oil reaching a nearby curb inlet. The oil migrated to one downstream manhole,
but no further. The owner of the construction vehicle cleaned up the roadway and the affected storm
drainage network using a private spill response contractor.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-20
Table 2-5. List of Reportable Spills During FY17
Date Identified Location /
Address
Description and
Source Summary & Follow-up
4/5/2017 S Bay Shore Dr
C/S Gunston Rd
Other Vehicle
Fluid
(spill)
Construction equipment (tandem diesel roller) being used by City contractors on South Bay Shore
project had rolled on its side and was laying in the tidal marsh. Before the equipment could be
removed from the tidal marsh, oil began leaking and approximately one quart of oil spilled into the
tidal marsh. The oil was cleaned up with absorbent pads and booms were deployed around the
vehicle to prevent any spilled fluid from entering the waterway. Once the equipment was removed
from the scene, city inspectors investigated the area to ensure that no other vehicle fluids spilled
into the marsh. Inspectors returned the next day to confirm that no product or sheen was found in
the area and removed the absorbent boom.
4/8/2017 Ps-644 1905
Champion Cir/
644 Heritage
Park
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to a force main break at the by-pass valve occurred at Pump Station 644.
The spill lasted 2 hours and approximately 5,000 gallons spilled. Crews shut down the force main
and cleaned up the spill as best as possible until the repairs to the by-pass valve could be made.
Approximately 13,000 gallons were recovered including storm water and it is estimated that 1,000
gallons reached state waters.
5/11/2017 London Bridge
Rd C/S Navy Rd
Fuel
(spill)
United States Navy Oceana Naval Air Station had a major spill event of approximately 94,000
gallons of JP-5 jet fuel. The fuel entered the City's MS4 at the ditch running north along London
Bridge Road at the intersection of London Bridge Road and Navy Road. The fuel spill contaminated
this ditch and migrated along the ditch until it crossed under London Bridge Road just south of the
intersection of London Bridge Road and Royal Haven Crescent. After crossing in a culvert under
London Bridge Road it continued until ultimately reaching Wolfsnare Creek. The Navy's contractor
provided cleanup of the spill along with removing any contaminated soils in the ditch along London
Bridge Creek. This was a major cleanup effort involving multiple stages and tactics. Cleanup efforts
concluded in mid to late July and the City performed sampling in the affected area of the ditch along
London Bridge Road until the site has been completely remediated. The results from this
investigation revealed that there is no longer any contamination in the MS4 due to the JP-5 jet fuel
spill.
5/26/2017 1848 Pleasant
Ridge Rd
Other Vehicle
Fluid
(spill)
A heavy equipment excavator experienced hydraulic failure and spilled approximately 75 gallons of
hydraulic oil onto a gravel road at 1848 Pleasant Ridge Road. Approximately 20 of the 75 gallons
was removed from the roadway using hand pumps. A natural organic absorbent and oil sponge
powder was also spread onto all contaminated surfaces. A backhoe was used to remove all
contaminated gravel and soil of the remaining 55 gallons of hydraulic oil, and was disposed of
appropriately.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-21
Table 2-5. List of Reportable Spills During FY17
Date Identified Location /
Address
Description and
Source Summary & Follow-up
6/15/2017 Ps-412
Lakeville
Estates 991
Sunnyside Dr/
6105 Saunders
Dr
Sewage
(spill)
Sanitary sewer spill due to a sanitary sewer main line stoppage occurred at Pump Station 412. The
spill lasted around 2 hours and approximately 250 gallons spilled. Crews secured the spill, cleared
the stoppage in the sewer main and proceeded to clean up the spill as best as possible.
Approximately 200 gallons were recovered and an estimated 50 gallons reached state waters.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-22
Program Evaluation
The City complied with Section I.B.2.f and Part II.G and H permit requirements during PY1. The City
submitted spill reports to DEQ as required during that time period. The City will continue to
implement a spill prevention and response program and document and report spills as required.
2.8 Industrial and High Risk Runoff
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the City’s implementation of the requirements for industrial and high risk
runoff included in Permit Section I.B.2.g. The City maintains a list of all known industrial and high risk
dischargers to its MS4. The list is divided into two main categories, VPDES permitted facilities and
non-VPDES permitted facilities. Major updates to the list will be performed at the end of each 5-year
permit term and are based on data gathered from the Industrial and High Risk Runoff inspections,
the Dry Weather Screening Program, and the IDID Program.
The City obtained information for developing the initial list from business license and GIS data, as
well as DEQ’s industrial permit database. The list includes VPDES permitted facilities, automotive
facilities (rental, sales, salvage & repair), manufacturers, and wholesale merchandisers in the
landscape and nursery business. The City also coordinates with the Fire Marshal’s office for
identifying other facilities subject to EPCRA Title III, Section 313.
The City developed procedures for inspecting industrial high risk dischargers. Inspection procedures
are included in Appendix B.
The City also developed a prioritized inspection schedule. Inspections of VPDES permitted facilities
will be completed prior to inspecting non-VPDES permitted facilities. VPDES permitted facilities
connected to the MS4 will be inspected at least once every five years.
After VPDES permitted facility inspections are completed, the City will inspect high priority non-VPDES
permitted facilities. High priority facilities are those that have a potential to contribute a significant
pollutant load to the MS4. Non-VPDES permitted facilities will be inspected in the following order:
1. Facilities the City considers needing a VPDES permit.
2. Automobile rental and sales businesses where it is unclear if there is a dedicated wash bay
on the property.
3. Landscaping/Nurseries where landscaping materials are stockpiled uncovered on the
property.
4. Towing businesses that store large quantities of vehicles on their property.
5. The remaining high priority facilities.
Each year during the permit term, the City will analyze the findings from the inspections. Facilities
determined to qualify for a VPDES permit will be referred to DEQ. At the end of the permit term, the
City will analyze the data from the inspections to re-evaluate the non-VPDES high priority list.
The City receives, reviews, and tracks Discharge Monitoring Reports (DMRs) from VPDES industrial
stormwater permitted facilities. The City reports significant pollutant loads that enter the MS4 in
accordance with permit requirements and coordinates with DEQ to report applicable facilities. The
City will refer facilities to DEQ based on the following procedures:
• Facilities having non-stormwater discharges based on data obtained from the high priority
facility inspections and dry weather screening program.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-23
• Facilities identified pursuant to 40 CFR Part 122.26(b)(14) from data obtained from the high
priority facilities inspections.
• Any VPDES permitted facility with evidence of significant pollutant loadings to the MS4
through the review of DMR reports. The City established a database of all permitted facilities
that discharge to the MS4. In this database, the City tracks all submitted DMRs and
exceedances of the sampling parameters set forth by the permit.
• VPDES permitted facilities that do not submit DMR reports on an annual basis. The City will
review the DMR database to determine which facility has not submitted DMRs in the past FY
and report them to DEQ.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• The annual report due October 1, 2017 shall include a list of all known industrial and high
risk dischargers including any non-VPDES regulated industrial and commercial stormwater
dischargers determined by the permittee as contributing a significant pollutant load and that
discharge to the MS4 system, a schedule of inspections and procedures for inspecting
outfalls.
The City’s inspection procedures and form are included in Appendix B. Table 2-6 includes 31 non-
VPDES permitted facilities that the City identified as potential high risk dischargers.
Table 2-6. List of Non-VPDES Permitted Facilities and Outfall Inspection Status
Classification Facility Address Facility Name Justification Outfall Inspected
in FY17
Manufacturer 4985 Euclid Rd
Asphalt Roads and
Materials Co/Lane
Construction Corp.
Asphalt production No
Auto Rental 1650 General Booth
Blvd Enterprise Rent A Car
Auto rental with no
dedicated/unclear
washing bay
No
Auto Rental 5253 Indian River Rd Enterprise Rent A Car
Auto rental with no
dedicated/unclear
washing bay
No
Auto Rental 3205 Virginia Beach
Blvd Hertz Local Edition
Auto rental with no
dedicated/unclear
washing bay
No
Auto Rental 2017 Independence
Blvd Enterprise Rent A Car
Auto rental with no
dedicated/unclear
washing bay
No
Auto Rental 3316 Virginia Beach
Blvd Budget Rent A Car
Auto rental with no
dedicated/unclear
washing bay
No
Auto Rental 3316 Virginia Beach
Blvd Budget Rent A Truck
Auto rental with no
dedicated/unclear
washing bay
No
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-24
Table 2-6. List of Non-VPDES Permitted Facilities and Outfall Inspection Status
Classification Facility Address Facility Name Justification Outfall Inspected
in FY17
Auto Rental 500 Newtown Rd Budget Truck Rental
Auto rental with no
dedicated/unclear
washing bay
No
Tow Truck/Auto
Salvage/Towing
/Wrecking
1040 Oceana Blvd Metro Used Auto
Parts Inc Automobile salvage No
Individual
Storage 2828 Shipps Corner Rd
SB Ballard
Construction
Company
Concrete production &
outdoor storage/materials No
Manufacturer 2821 Crusader Cir Atlas Concrete Concrete production No
Car Wash 2581 Quality Ct Ste 504 Wash Me Pleaze, LLC Nonautomated vehicle
washing No
Auto Repair 3642 Holland Rd Ste
101 Master Tech
Multiple auto repair
facilities on site No
Auto Repair 3642 Holland Rd Ste
102 Mr. Transmission
Multiple auto repair
facilities on site No
Auto Repair 3642 Holland Rd Ste
103
Davis Car Care and
Tire Center
Multiple auto repair
facilities on site No
Auto Repair 3642 Holland Rd Ste
104 The Muffler Shop
Multiple auto repair
facilities on site No
Auto Repair 1704 Southern Blvd Sam’s Body Shop
Outdoor covered area
potential for vehicle
washing/servicing
No
Auto Repair 5018 Euclid Rd B & E Auto Service
Inc.
Outdoor covered area/lift
potential for vehicle
washing/servicing
No
Auto Repair 4877 Haygood Rd Mid Atlantic Auto
Specialists
Outdoor covered area/lift
potential for vehicle
washing/servicing
No
Auto Repair 676 N Witchduck Rd,
Ste D
Southside
Transmission Inc.
Outdoor covered area/lift
potential for vehicle
washing/servicing &
overcrowded site
No
Agriculture
Service 4164 West Neck Rd
Coastal Landscape
Nursery Inc.
Outdoor
storage/landscaping No
Wholesale
Merchant/
Durable
5021 Morris Neck Rd Frank T. Williams
Farms
Outdoor
storage/landscaping No
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-25
Table 2-6. List of Non-VPDES Permitted Facilities and Outfall Inspection Status
Classification Facility Address Facility Name Justification Outfall Inspected
in FY17
Wholesale
Merchant/
Durable
965 S Military Hwy Four Seasons Nursery Outdoor
storage/landscaping No
Wholesale
Merchant/
Durable
1241 Princess Anne Rd Bennetts Creek
Nursery
Outdoor
storage/landscaping No
Wholesale
Merchant/
Durable
619 London Bridge Rd Paradise Palms LLC Outdoor
storage/landscaping No
Aggregate
Storage/
Trucking
153 Butternut Ln C.W. Scott Trucking
Inc.
Outdoor
storage/landscaping No
Highway
Maintenance 553 Central Dr
Atlantic Heating &
Cooling Outdoor materials storage No
Salvage 221 Southgate Ave Virginia Beach
Salvage Exchange
Outdoor storage of salvage
materials No
Wholesale
Merchant/
Durable
124 Sykes Ave Dunn Concrete
Recycling
Process and sells recycled
stone No
Highway
Construction
Material
Storage
5792 Northampton Blvd Branch Civil, Inc.
(Ev Williams, Inc.)
Stockpile yard for roadway
construction No
Equipment &
Auto Rental 716 S Military Hwy
Hertz Rental (Hertz
Equipment Rental)
Vehicle and equipment
rentals, unsure if there is a
designated wash bay
No
There are 38 facilities with VPDES permits that discharge into the MS4. Table 2-7 shows the list of
VPDES permitted facilities. The outfall inspection status has been indicated.
Table 2-7. List of VPDES Permitted Facilities, DMR Status, and Outfall Inspection Status
Permit Number Permit Type Facility DMR Reviewed Outfall Inspected in
FY17
VAR050294 Stormwater Industrial GP United Parcel Service -
Virginia Beach Yes No
VAR050320 Stormwater Industrial GP Lynnhaven Marine - Boatel No*** No
VAR050353 Stormwater Industrial GP Aetna Insulated Wire
Company No*** No
VAR050356 Stormwater Industrial GP Hermes Abrasives Limited Yes No
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-26
Table 2-7. List of VPDES Permitted Facilities, DMR Status, and Outfall Inspection Status
Permit Number Permit Type Facility DMR Reviewed Outfall Inspected in
FY17
VAR050360 Stormwater Industrial GP FedEx Freight Incorporated -
VBE Yes No
VAR050363 Stormwater Industrial GP Hampton Roads Transit -
Parks Avenue Yes No
VAR050407 Stormwater Industrial GP US Navy - NAS - Oceana -
Dam Neck Annex Yes No
VAR051266 Stormwater Industrial GP Pick N Pull Auto Dismantlers
- Virginia Beach Yes No
VAR051581 Stormwater Industrial GP Calcagni Machine Works Inc
- Surplus Recycling Yes No
VAR051884 Stormwater Industrial GP NGK Locke Polymer
Insulators Incorporated Yes No
VAR051982 Stormwater Industrial GP US Navy - Joint Expeditionary
Base - Ft Story Yes No
VAR052090 Stormwater Industrial GP KW1 LLC Yes No
VAR052221 Stormwater Industrial GP Busch Manufacturing LLC Yes No
VAR052318 Stormwater Industrial GP Virginia Beach Landfill No 2 Yes Yes
VAG750057 Vehicle Wash and
Laundry GP R CO Petroleum Yes No
VAG750063 Vehicle Wash and
Laundry GP
Enterprise Rent A Car - 3269
Virginia Beach Blvd Yes Yes
VAG750065 Vehicle Wash and
Laundry GP
Enterprise Rent A Car - 1877
Laskin Road Yes No
VAG750145 Vehicle Wash and
Laundry GP
Avis Rent A Car - 3664
Virginia Beach Boulevard Yes Yes
VAG750246 Vehicle Wash and
Laundry GP Car Choice Enterprises No*** No
VAG830495** Petroleum Discharge GP Virginia Beach City-L Holly
Watershed Improvement Yes No
VAN030052 Nutrient Trading GP HRSD - York River Aggregate
Nutrient Discharge N/A* No
VAN040090 Nutrient Trading GP
HRSD - James River -
Aggregate Nutrient
Discharge
N/A* No
VAG840148 Nonmetallic Mineral
Mining GP
Bonney Bright Sand
Company Yes No
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-27
Table 2-7. List of VPDES Permitted Facilities, DMR Status, and Outfall Inspection Status
Permit Number Permit Type Facility DMR Reviewed Outfall Inspected in
FY17
VAG840174 Nonmetallic Mineral
Mining GP
M M Gunter and Son Inc -
Seaboard Borrow Pit Yes No
VAG840206 Nonmetallic Mineral
Mining GP
Hampton Roads Recovery
Ctr LLC - Gomez Pit Yes Yes
VAG840216 Nonmetallic Mineral
Mining GP
Taylor Farm Land Company
Borrow Pit Yes No
VAG403089 Domestic Sewage GP Luke Residence No*** No
VAG250119 Cooling Water Discharge
GP ECPI - Virginia Beach Yes No
VAG110033 Concrete Products GP Titan Virginia Ready Mix LLC
- Oceana Yes No
VAG110058 Concrete Products GP
Capital Concrete
Incorporated - Virginia
Beach
Yes No
VAG110350 Concrete Products GP
Oceana Naval Base
Concrete Plant for Runway
Repair
Yes No
VA0005266 Individual - Industrial US Navy - Naval Air Station -
Oceana Yes No
VA0062391 Individual - Municipal Indian Cove Resort
Association Incorporated Yes No
VA0079928 Individual - Industrial US Navy - Joint Expeditionary
Base - Little Creek Yes No
VA0081248 Individual - Municipal HRSD - Atlantic Sewage
Treatment Plant Yes No
VA0081264 Individual - Municipal
HRSD - Chesapeake-
Elizabeth Sewage Treatment
Plant
Yes No
VA0087548 Individual - Industrial NuStar Terminals Operations
Prtnrshp LP - VA Beach Yes No
VPG100159
General Permit for
Animal Feeding
Operations and Animal
Waste Management
BHI4 LLC N/A* No
*Not required to submit DMRs
**Permit Terminated in May 2017
***No DMR received
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-28
• Each annual report shall report on implementation of the inspection schedule and include a
list of the facilities and/or facility outfalls inspected during the reporting period.
During PY1, the City inspected four industrial activity outfalls. The list of facilities inspected is
included in Tables 2-6 and 2-7 above.
• Each annual report shall include a list of referrals to the Department.
During PY1, the City identified five facilities for referral to DEQ. The identified facilities for referral
(see Table 2-8) either did not submit DMRs or had a significant pollutant load reported during
monitoring.
Table 2-8. FY17 DEQ Referral List
Permit No. Name of Facility Reason for Referral
VAG750246 Car Choice Enterprises Did not submit
DMRs
VAR050320 Lynnhaven Marine - Boatel Did not submit
DMRs
VAR050353 Aetna Insulated Wire
Company
Did not submit
DMRs
VAR051581 Calcagni Machine Works -
Surplus Recycling
Significant Pollutant
Load
VAR052090 KW1 LLC Significant Pollutant
Load
Program Evaluation
The City is currently on track to meet this permit requirement. After completing a review of the
current program, the City identified improvements for the remaining permit years. During PY2, the
City will incorporate MS4 outfalls that are connected to industrial and high risk runoff facilities into
the site selection criteria for the dry weather screening program.
2.9 Stormwater Infrastructure Management
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the City’s implementation procedures for the inspection and maintenance of
public and private SWMFs and public stormwater infrastructure required in Part I.B.2.h. of the MS4
permit. The City’s stormwater infrastructure and SWMF inventory is maintained in a GIS database.
Public assets associated with the storm sewer system are updated upon receipt of as-built and
record drawings, as well as survey data associated with infrastructure construction projects or
stormwater master plans. In addition, through various field efforts, data on assets are updated as
staff identify missing or incorrect asset information. Inspections and maintenance of the public
storm sewer system are tracked in the City’s work management system. Documentation of
inspections and required maintenance on public systems are tracked via work orders.
The City conducts stormwater infrastructure and SWMF inspections on a routine basis and following
citizen complaints. Inspections may be performed based on service requests, neighborhood
rehabilitation projects, infrastructure verification surveys conducted in conjunction with watershed
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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modeling efforts, dry weather screening, defect surety, and MS4 permit inspections. Routine
inspections occur in conjunction with City efforts to verify infrastructure asset data and to assess the
asset condition. Additional inspections are scheduled as needed.
During PY1, the City developed a SWMF Inspection and Maintenance Manual to replace the previous
procedures manual. The Manual includes procedures for the inspections and recommended
maintenance activities and frequencies for the types of SWMFs operated by the City. The Manual
incorporates current permit requirements, the types of SWMFs approved by the Virginia Stormwater
BMP Clearinghouse, Chesapeake Bay Program Expert Panels, and other propriety SWMFs approved
for water quality credit by DEQ.
During PY1, the City revised its SWMF inspection schedule to conduct inspections for municipally
owned or operated SWMFs on an annual basis, while private SWMFs with and without maintenance
agreements remained on a five-year schedule inspection schedule. SWMF inspections are
conducted by the City and contractors to identify functionality and maintenance needs. During PY1,
the City conducted 853 inspections of public SWMFs and 532 inspections of private facilities.
To encourage owners of SWMFs without maintenance agreements to perform regular maintenance,
the City developed a pilot program to provide targeted educational materials about the benefits of
regular maintenance and provided incentives for property owners to establish maintenance
agreements through the utility fee reduction program.
During PY1, the City also developed a strategy to address SWMFs designed to treat stormwater
runoff solely from an individual lot. The strategy includes the development of an educational program
that includes materials for homeowners to complete regular inspections and maintenance of
SWMFs, as well as outreach to contractors who perform SWMF maintenance.
Mapping of MS4 outfalls in the Lynnhaven River watershed was initiated during PY1. This updated
outfall mapping is being conducted in conjunction with the development of stormwater master plans
and associated stormwater infrastructure updates for the Lynnhaven River watershed. The outfall
identification number, location, and drainage area served by the MS4 outfalls are being compiled for
each outfall.
The MS4 service area for the Lynnhaven, Little Creek, and Elizabeth River watersheds was initiated
during PY1. The MS4 service areas were delineated utilizing the methodology in the DEQ
Chesapeake Bay TMDL Action Plan Guidance. The MS4 service areas are being used to calculate the
impervious and pervious areas acres served by the MS4, as well as the development of the City’s
Chesapeake Bay TMDL Action Plan, as documented in Section 4.1.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• The permittee shall submit with the annual report due October 1, 2017 the written
inspection and maintenance procedures.
The written inspections and maintenance procedures are included in the MS4 Program Plan on the
City’s website. The MS4 Program Plan is located at the following web link:
https://www.vbgov.com/government/departments/public-works/surface-water-
regulation/Pages/default.aspx
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-30
• Each annual report shall include a summary of activities performed in support of the
inspection and maintenance program required in Part I.B.2.h)1). The summary shall include
the total number of drainage structures operated by the permittee; the total length of open
conveyance that is part of the permittee’s MS4; the total number of the drainage structures
inspected and the total length of open conveyances inspected. In addition, the permittee
shall maintain records documenting the inspection of drainage structures and open
conveyances to include a list of drainage structures inspected, the date inspected, the type
of structures, the location, and identified maintenance needs and when the maintenance
was performed as required in Part I.B.2.h)1).
Table 2-9 includes the City’s asset inventory as of July 1, 2016, the quantity of assets inspected in
PY1, and the percent of assets inspected.
Table 2-9. City Owned Stormwater Infrastructure
Asset Type Assets Owned/Operated Assets Inspected Percent of Assets Inspected*
Drainage Structures 46,682 structures 9,258 structures 20%
Pipes 5,246,208 linear feet 1,169,563 linear feet 22%
Ditches 3,220,800 linear feet 637,413 linear feet 20%
* the minimum requirement is 15%
• The annual report due October 1, 2017 shall include the permittee’s strategy to address
maintenance of stormwater management controls that are designed to treat stormwater
runoff solely from the individual residential lot on which they are located.
The City’s strategy to address stormwater runoff from single family residential lots is included in
Appendix C.
• Each annual report shall include a list of activities including inspections performed and
notifications of needed maintenance and repair of stormwater facilities not operated by the
permittee as required by Part I.B.2.h)2).
During PY1, the City inspected 532 private SWMFs and performed 82 re-inspections. Additionally,
the City issued 155 first notifications of required maintenance or repair and 55 second notifications.
All records are maintained in the City's work management system. No referrals for enforcement were
made in PY1.
Program Evaluation
The City either met, or exceeded, the permit requirements regarding infrastructure and SWMF
inspections and maintenance or notification of needed maintenance. The City is on track to map the
MS4 service area and each MS4 outfall in the Lynnhaven River watershed, and to identify acres
served by the MS4 and stormwater controls in accordance with the permit requirements. The City is
in compliance with the permit requirements for private SWMF without maintenance agreements and
single family residential SWMF, and has developed required maintenance strategies.
2.10 City Facilities
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the City’s operation and maintenance of City facilities as required in permit
Section I.B.2.i. During PY1, the City evaluated and identified municipal facilities with a high potential
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-31
for discharging stormwater pollution. The list was initially developed utilizing a GIS desktop analysis
of sites to determine if activities may be occurring outdoors. Following the desktop analysis, field
visits were conducted to confirm or revise the findings. Facilities were removed from the high priority
list if no high-risk activities (as defined in permit Section I.B.2.i.2.b) were identified. The City
identified eight facilities as high priority.
Good housekeeping practices are being implemented at each facility to reduce the risk of pollutants
entering the MS4.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• The annual report due October 1, 2017 shall include a list of all high priority municipal
facilities.
The City identified eight facilities as high priority as shown in Table 2-10.
Table 2-10. High Priority Municipal Facilities
Facility Name Location
Public Works Waste Management Division Yard 3024 Holland Rd.
Public Works Operations Dam Neck Yard 3556 Dam Neck Rd.
Public Works Operations Oceana Yard 156 Oceana Blvd.
Public Works Operations Pungo Yard 1848 Pleasant Ridge Rd.
Public Works Operations and Parks and Recreation Euclid Yard 100 Southgate Ave.
Public Works Fleet Maintenance 2633 Leroy Rd.
Public Utilities Operations Dam Neck Yard 3500 Dam Neck Rd.
Parks and Recreation Lynnhaven Yard 2150 Lynnhaven Pkwy.
Program Evaluation
The City is currently on track to meet the permit requirements. SWPPPs for the facilities identified in
Table 2-10 will be developed in future years in accordance with permit requirements.
2.11 Public Education/Participation
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the implementation of public education and participation requirements
defined in permit Section I.B.2.j. The City implements an outreach program to raise public awareness
of stormwater pollution and how citizens can help improve stormwater quality. In addition to the
City’s local efforts, the City is in partnership with 16 other regional municipalities which formed a
program called askHRgreen (see http://askHRgreen.org) through the Hampton Roads Planning
District Commission (HRPDC) in 2011. The program serves as a regional awareness campaign on
topics related to stormwater quality and the MS4 permit. City staff participate in askHRgreen
subcommittees to share ideas across municipalities and pool resources for educational programs
geared towards stormwater pollution prevention, fats, oils, and grease management programs, pet
waste control, and water conservation. It was estimated that 13,033 individuals from the City
accessed the AskHRgreen website during PY1.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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The City performed the actions listed below as part of its public education and participation program.
Table 2.11 provides additional information regarding the number of people reached through the
various programs described below.
1. Promote, publicize, and facilitate public reporting of illicit discharges or improper disposal of
materials into the MS4. To accomplish this, the City:
a. Promotes and publicizes public reporting of illicit discharges and improper disposal
through VBgov.com and askHRgreen.org. The City has also developed printed
materials about improper disposal, picking up after pets, pool maintenance, and
vehicle maintenance.
b. Facilitates public reporting through email, phone, online chat, and a reporting
application for mobile devices.
c. Provides public information about the improper disposal of materials into the MS4
through its storm drain medallion program. Storm drain markers were installed at
886 locations in PY1 throughout the City.
d. Implements through askHRgreen the “Write as Rain” campaign that placed
stormwater educational messages on sidewalks throughout the City that only show
up in rainy weather. The messages include sayings such as “Only Rain Down the
Storm Drain”; “Your River Starts Here. Keep it Clean”; “From Store to Shore. Plastic
Pollutes”; “Cigarette Butts are Litter, Too”; 'You drop it, I drink it'; and 'No such thing
as a little litter'. A news article and video was developed to help spread public
awareness of the program.
2. Continue to promote individual and group involvement in local water quality improvement
initiatives including the promotion of local water resource restoration and clean-up projects,
programs, groups, meetings and other opportunities for public involvement. To accomplish
this, the City:
a. Contracted with a local watershed restoration organization to coordinate volunteer
clean up events, hold meetings, and presentations. The City supported two
residential home programs to promote individual involvement through the Bay Star
Homes and Pearl Homes programs.
b. Participates in the Keep America Beautiful and Keep Virginia Beautiful programs,
which include helping hands and beautification events. The City also participates
annually in Clean the Bay day. During PY1, volunteers removed 14,606 pounds of
trash from Chesapeake Bay watersheds across the City.
c. Works with volunteers to complete wetland plantings, dune stabilization, vegetated
SWMF plantings, and tree plantings.
d. Participates in the Adopt-A-Program, which encourages concerned citizens to conduct
regular cleanup activities and submit report cards of status after each event. The
City supplies clean up materials and posts a sign indicating the name of the adoptee
at the location. During PY1, volunteers removed 27,815 pounds of trash through
these programs.
e. Utilized social media to promote events within the City, respond to citizen inquiries,
share blog articles, and promote important programs and initiatives like the Bay Star
Homes workshops, America Recycles Day, the Great American Cleanup, and the
Write as Rain campaign. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube were utilized to
promote askHRgreen.org messages.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-33
3. Develop an outreach program for public and private golf courses located within the City
which discharge to the permittee’s MS4 that encourages implementation of integrated
management practice (IMP) plans and techniques to reduce runoff of fertilizer and
pesticides. To address this, the City:
a. Developed outreach strategies to encourage golf courses to develop IMP plans. Golf
courses were required to implement nutrient management plans by July 1, 2017.
4. Promote, publicize, and facilitate the proper management and disposal of used oil and
household hazardous wastes. To address this, the City:
a. Publicizes the Resource Recovery Center, which collects used oil and household
hazardous waste on Vbgov.com. The City publicizes other events throughout the year
where household hazardous wastes are collected. Events are also promoted and
publicized regionally on askHRgreen.org.
b. Hosted through PW department two household hazardous waste collection events
during PY1. The events were held at the Virginia Aquarium on January 28, 2017 and
at the Mt. Trashmore Earth Day Event on April 22, 2017. Materials collected included
latex paint, propane tanks, cathode ray tubes, batteries, mercury, light bulbs, metal,
and household liquids and solids. During the events, over 11,000 pounds of paint,
1,000 pounds of batteries, and 9,000 pounds of cathode ray tubes were collected.
5. Promote and publicize the proper disposal of pet waste and household yard waste. To
address this, the City:
a. Distributed nine new pet waste stations in PY1 as part of the scoop the poop
campaign. The stations may be requested by organizations directly through the City
or askHRgreen.org. The City also maintains existing pet waste stations on public
property, including public parks. Proper pet waste disposal techniques are advertised
on askHRgreen.org.
b. Collects yard waste as a part of the waste management collection program. The City
publicizes the yard waste collection program and provides details on acceptable
materials and bagging requirements on VBgov.com.
c. Distributes pet waste and household yard waste educational materials at public
events, including pamphlets and giveaways.
d. Ran a 2-week radio and online media campaign for proper disposal of pet waste and
leaves. The total estimated impressions for City residents were 189,105.
6. Promote and publicize the use of the City’s litter prevention program. To address this, the
City:
a. Conducts outreach and distributes litter prevention materials including pamphlets
and giveaways at events.
b. Conducted a Recycle More Trash Less campaign using a new video over a six-week
period online with a total of 158,643 impressions on residents within the City.
c. Developed a region-wide litter campaign in partnership with askHRgreen.org. The
campaign will center around printed materials the City can use to promote cleanups
like Adopt-a-Spot and Great American Cleanup in addition to general outreach to
residents and businesses.
7. Promote and publicize methods for residential car washing that minimize water quality
impacts. To address this, the City:
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-34
a. Distributes brochures and promotes the askHRgreen.org website to educate the
public on residential car washing. The brochure encourages residents to wash on
grass or gravel and how to dispose of soapy water.
b. Developed a strategy to improve the outreach program.
8. Promote and publicize the proper use, application, and disposal of pesticides, herbicides,
and fertilizers by public, commercial, and private applicators and distributors. To address
this, the City:
a. Participates in outreach events and distributes brochures and giveaways on proper
use, application, and disposal of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers. The City
Landfill and Resource Recovery Center is promoted on VBgov.com for the disposal of
pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers.
b. Ran a 2-week radio and online media campaign for proper fertilizer use and testing
soil before fertilizing. The estimated campaign impressions for residents within the
City was 254,393.
9. Encourage private property owners to implement voluntary stormwater management
techniques and/or retrofits. To address this, the City:
a. Developed requests for proposals to assist homeowners in the installation of
stormwater retrofits on residential lots in the Elizabeth River and Lynnhaven River
watersheds.
b. The City encourages environmental and stormwater stewardship through the Bay
Star Home Program and the Pearl Home Program. These programs encourage and
recognize a homeowner’s part in the health of a watershed through homeowner
pledges to start or continue environmentally friendly activities such as; scoop-the-
poop, install rain barrels, test soil before fertilizing, or commit to not put fats, oils, or
grease down the drain. Educational materials and giveaways are provided to
applicants. During PY1, there were 153 new Bay Star Homes and 603 new Pearl
Homes.
10. Target strategies towards local groups of commercial, industrial, and institutional entities
likely to have significant stormwater impacts. To address this, the City:
a. Evaluated potential groups, including businesses related to car washing and pools,
and targeted outreach methods to address each group. Outreach materials will be
developed and distributed to the groups identified.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include a list of permittee public outreach and education activities
and the estimated number of individuals reached through the activities. An evaluation of
program effectiveness, as outlined in the MS4 Program Plan with recommendations for
future changes shall also be included.
The events listed in Table 2-11 include presentations, educational events, and cleanups that
occurred in PY1. The total litter collected from all cleanup events was 51,428 pounds. It was
estimated that 13,033 individuals from the City accessed the AskHRgreen website during PY1.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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Table 2-11. List of Public Outreach and Education Activities
Event Number of Individuals Reached or Participants
Storm Drain Marker Program 14 volunteers (886 medallions)
Community Association Day 450
Sensible Seafood Festival 735
MOCA Family Fest Day Unknown
Boy Scout Troop Presentation 18
Capstone Community Forum 150
VIBE Art Festival 300
Clean the Bay Day 2,082
Clean the Bay Day Picnic 130
Great American Cleanup 54
Targeted Cleanups 533
Old Moose Lodge/London Bridge Road River Cleanup 27
Francis Land House River Cleanup 35
Little Neck Creek River Cleanup 12
Adopt-A-Program 1,236
Beach Garden Park River Cleanup 34
Potters Road and Lynnhaven Parkway River Cleanup 74
West Neck Creek Cleanup and Invasive Species Removal 12
Hampton Roads Sustainable Living Expo (HRSLE) 800
Anthem Eco Fair Unknown
Public Utilities Public Service Week & DWW Celebration 335
Public Works Employee Event 685
Community Advisory Committee (CAC) 60
Lynnhaven River NOW Brock Center Public Presentation 30
Green Run National Night Out 500
Neptune Festival Parade 75,000
Holiday Parade 75,000
Community Associations Day 450
Spring Fling 400
Lynnhaven River NOW Fall Festival 1,000
Water Quality Sampling 16
Bay Island Civic League 45
Rose and Womble Realty 22
Cape Henry Rotary Club 50
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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Table 2-11. List of Public Outreach and Education Activities
Event Number of Individuals Reached or Participants
Winter Wildlife Festival 92
Gamma Pi DGK 107
REI Staff 10
Hampton Roads Pride 150
Wilderness First Aid Course 25
Virginia Beach Rotary 24
Legends of the Fly 243
Coast Guard Auxiliary 35
Ocean Park Civic League 45
Urinetown Play 50
Back Deck Seafood Festival 125
Winter Wildlife Festival 1,200
Citizen Science – Water Quality Testing & Interpreting the Data 22
L&J Garden Civic League 20
Virginia Aquarium Trash Bash 5,466
Earth Day 8,000
VA E-Cycle Event 600
Leaves Down the Drain/ Pet Waste Campaign via askHRgreen 189,105
Composting 15
Bird and Plant Walks 57
Landscape for Life 25
Spring Garden Show 6,000
Litter Index 8
America Recycles Day 150
Trashion Show 525
VBMG Fall Gardening Festival 1,200
Lawn Care Campaign via askHRgreen 254,393
Broad Bay Island Garden Club 26
Garden Club Presentation 30
Board of Governors, Garden Club of Virginia 50
Buffer Workshop 12
Rain Barrel Workshop 12
Water Friendly Landscaping 12
Unitarian Church Stormwater Management Workshop 20
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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• Each annual report shall provide a summary of voluntary retrofits completed on private
property used to demonstrate pollutant reduction requirements. Note that any voluntary
project for which the permittee seeks to use for pollutant reduction requirements must be
tracked and reported.
Voluntary stormwater retrofits are encouraged as part of the Bay Star and Pearl Home Programs
implemented by the City. There were no recorded voluntary retrofit projects completed on private
property used to demonstrate pollutant reduction for the City.
• Each annual report shall provide a summary of voluntary stormwater management
techniques encouraged on private property.
The City’s efforts to encourage voluntary stormwater management techniques is included in the
Summary of Implementation above.
Program Evaluation
The City is in compliance for PY1 and is currently on track to meet the permit requirements for future
years. The City will provide additional stormwater management guidance to residents that sign up
with either the Bay Star or Pearl Home Programs. The City will encourage tracking of retrofits or
management techniques installed. The City will also implement contracts to assist property owners
with the installation of retrofit projects.
2.12 Training
Summary of Implementation
Permit Section I.B.2.k. includes the City’s requirements for employee and contractor training. During
FY17, the City evaluated its training needs to meet the permit requirements. The City identified staff
roles that would require specific training or certifications and developed a training plan and training
presentations. The plan included both in-house training and third party sources. Third party training
sources included regional training through the HRPDC and maintenance of training and certification
through appropriate state agencies.
In order to meet training required by the permit, the City developed two training sessions to be
conducted internally: 1) Illicit Discharges: Recognition and Reporting and 2) Good Housekeeping and
Pollution Prevention Practices. These sessions will cover the following permit topics:
• Illicit Discharges: Recognition and Reporting – Recognition and reporting of illicit discharges,
defining what qualifies as an illicit discharge.
• Good Housekeeping and Pollution Prevention Practices – Good housekeeping and pollution
prevention practices to be employed during road, street, and parking lot maintenance,
associated with City maintenance and public works facilities, and City recreation facilities.
External training will be used to meet the additional training requirements. This training is described
below:
• Virginia Pesticide Control Act Training/Certification – For City employees or contractors who
apply pesticides to obtain required training for pesticide application.
• Emergency Spill Response Training/Certification – For emergency response employees to
have training and/or certifications in spill response.
• Erosion and Sediment Control Training/Certification – For City plan reviewers, inspectors,
program administrators, and construction site operators to obtain required training and/or
certification for erosion and sediment control.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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• Stormwater Management Training – For City employees who implement the modified
stormwater management criteria to obtain training and certifications.
The City will implement the described internal training sessions to be in compliance with the biennial
training requirements for illicit discharge and good housekeeping. External trainings will be
completed in accordance with permit requirements.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include a list of training events, the date and the estimated number
of individuals attending each event.
During PY1, the City hosted two in-house training sessions identified in Table 2-12.
Table 2-12. Summary of Training Events
Training Event Date Number of Attendees
IDDE Recognition and Reporting 2/27/2017 - 3/3/2017 28
E&S and SWM Workshop 8/29/2016 32
• The annual report due October 1, 2017 shall include documentation of employee emergency
spill response training and/or certification.
The City's Fire Department personnel are required to attend a 40 hour Hazardous Materials
Operations course. In addition, depending on the employment position, further training includes:
• Hazardous Materials Operations – Course that meets recommendations of NFPA 472 and
OSHA 1910.120 (q)(6)(ii).
• Hazardous Materials Technician Course - Course in accordance with NFPA 472 and 29 CFR
1910.120 (q).
• Chemistry of Handling Materials - Course that provides an understanding of basic chemistry
of hazardous materials.
• Hazardous Materials Advanced Tactical Control - Course provides specialist-level training on
advanced hazardous materials control techniques.
• Hazardous Materials Incident Planning and Management - Course designed for emergency
incident managers.
• Hazardous Materials Tactical Command and Safety - Course designed for hazardous
materials team leaders and hazardous materials specialists who would function as the
HAZMAT Branch Officer or Safety Officer.
Program Evaluation
The City is in compliance with the PY1 requirements and completed the evaluation of training needs
and identified personnel who require training. In PY2, the City will begin implementing training
procedures developed in PY1. For future permit years, the City will implement online training
sessions for staff to cover illicit discharges and good housekeeping topics.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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2.13 Dry Weather Screening Program
Summary of Implementation
This section documents the City’s implementation of a dry weather screening program as required in
Permit Section I.B.2.I. During PY1, the City developed dry weather screening procedures and
screened 50 outfalls throughout the watersheds. For the 50 stations investigated, 43 stations had
no flow. Seven stations were observed to have dry weather flow and/or one or more physical
indicators and these stations are summarized below.
1. Station 12210-276 was investigated on May 15, 2017 and had flow with suds in the stream.
The flow was traced and determined to be from groundwater infiltration. There were no
threshold exceedances. No illicit discharges were identified.
2. Station 22020-050 was investigated on May 19, 2017 and had flow. The flow was
determined to be from a residential lawn. There were no threshold exceedances. No illicit
discharges were identified.
3. Station 29110-038 was investigated on May 18, 2017 and had algal and oyster growth. The
flow was due to a tidal influence. No illicit discharges were identified.
4. Station 06140-530 was investigated on May 9, 2017 and had flow, algal growth, and a slight
oil sheen. Flow was traced and determined to be due to groundwater infiltration. There were
no threshold exceedances. No illicit discharges were identified.
5. Station 01040-012 was investigated on May 17, 2017 and had a surface sheen. The sheen
was determined to be due to tidal flushing. No illicit discharges were identified.
6. Station 21080-304 was investigated on June 13, 2017 and had algal growth and a sheen.
The sheen did not exhibit any petroleum characteristics. No illicit discharges were identified.
For the six stations described above, the investigation was opened and closed on the same day.
7. Station 05220-690 was investigated on May 16, 2017 and moderate flow and odor were
observed. Chemical analysis at the station found chlorine concentrations above the
established threshold. The flow was traced but no source could be determined. Due to
weather conditions, the reinvestigation was not able to be performed within 14 days. Re-
investigation was performed on June 8, 2017 and flow was present again with a chlorine
odor and sampling indicated a chlorine chemical exceedance. The City determined that the
source was a potable water line within several feet of station 05220-876. The potable water
line contained a leak and discharge from the water line was seeping into an adjacent storm
sewer inlet. Repairs were conducted on the water line following the investigation and a
reinvestigation of the outfall two days later showed no dry weather flow.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include the total number of outfalls included as part of the
permittee’s MS4, the number of outfalls screened during the reporting period, a list of
locations upon which dry weather screening was conducted, the results and any follow-up
actions including a summary of each investigation conducted by the operator of any
suspected illicit discharge. The summary shall include: (i) the date that the suspected
discharge was observed; (ii) how the investigation was resolved, including any follow-up, and
(iii) resolution of the investigation and the date the investigation was closed.
As of July 1, 2016, the City had 3,573 MS4 outfalls. During PY1, the City screened 50 outfalls as part
of its dry weather screening program. Table 2-13 includes the list of outfalls screened. Outfalls which
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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required additional investigation are referred to in the Summary of Implementation. Following the
investigations, no illicit discharges were identified during PY1 screenings.
Table 2-13. Summary of Outfalls Screened
Outfall Station # Date of Inspection Location Potential Illicit Discharge
06380-044 May 10, 2017 Across the street from 1300-block of Old Clubhouse Rd. No
12210-276 May 15, 2017 Near the intersection of Bonneydale Rd. & Berwyn Rd. Yes
294000-016 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of Huntsman Drive & Gannet Run No
02060-068 May 17, 2017 Near the intersection of Lake Edward Drive & Waxham
Court No
03260-078 May 17, 2017 Near the intersection of Deacons Lane & Charity Drive No
30010-2862 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of 58th Street & Meer Street No
30010-4974 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of 26th Street & Mediterranean
Street No
30010-5082 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of Starr Way & Eden Way No
29203-086 May 19, 2017 Can be accessed 609-612 Christian Drive No
21060-000 May 19, 2017 Near the intersection of Overholt Drive & Ambassador
Drive No
22020-050 May 19, 2017 Near the intersection of Lancelot Drive & Rodney Drive Yes
22040-136 May 22, 2017 Near the intersection of Skipwith Road & Gates Landing
Road No
22060-144 May 22, 2017 Near the intersection of Old Homestead Lane &
Homeward Drive No
17100-495 June 4, 2017 Near the intersection of Kempsville Road & Balboa Drive No
07080-140 June 13, 2017 Near the intersection of Kempsville Road & Balboa Drive No
03220-488 June 5, 2017 Near the intersection of North Witchduck Road &
Richardson Road No
01000-025 May 17, 2017 Near the intersection of Diamond Springs Road & Haden
Road No
01230-038 May 17, 2017 Near the intersection of Northampton Boulevard & Baker
Road No
29110-038 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of Artic Avenue & Winston Salem
Avenue Yes
04540-2266 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of Columbus Loop & Beasley Drive No
21020-096 May 19, 2017 Near the intersection of South Parliament Drive &
Challedon Drive No
01540-1034 June 13, 2017 Near the intersection of Virginia Beach Boulevard &
Nelms Lane No
04680-060 June 8, 2017 Near the intersection of South Plaza Trail & Healthy Way No
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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Table 2-13. Summary of Outfalls Screened
Outfall Station # Date of Inspection Location Potential Illicit Discharge
30010-1180 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of West Great Neck Road & Cape
Henry Drive No
30010-1096 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of Ebb Tide Road & Cape Henry
Drive No
29170-000 May 19, 2017 Near the intersection of 6th Street & Cape Henry Drive No
06100-202 June 13, 2017 Near the intersection of Lynnhaven Parkway & Southern
Boulevard No
01090-206 June 13, 2017 Near the intersection of Haygood Road & Ferry Plantation
Road No
06140-530 May 9, 2017 Near the intersection of Central Drive & Industry Lane Yes
06160-020 May 10, 2017 Near the intersection of Crusader Circle & Transportation
Lane No
06100-900 May 10, 2017 Near the intersection of Lynnhaven Parkway & Dean Drive No
08100-090 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of Southern Boulevard & Sykes
Avenue No
06370-098 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of Lynnhaven Parkway & Riverbend
Road No
06340-033 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of International Parkway & Seahawk
Circle No
06170-180 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of Lynnhaven Parkway & Viking Drive No
01040-012 May 17, 2017 Near the intersection of Shell Road & Maharis Road Yes
18040-308 June 4, 2017 Near the intersection of South Military Highway & Drift
Tide Drive No
06300-198 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of Holland Road & Diana Lee Drive No
21070-1478 May 17, 2017 Near the intersection of Cleveland Street & Expressway
Court No
09271-114 May 17, 2017 Near the intersection of Dam Neck Road & General Booth
Boulevard No
30010-1020 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of Cape Henry Drive & Urchin Road No
06370-294 June 8, 2017 Near the intersection of Holland Road & Lynnhaven
Parkway No
21080-304 June 13, 2017 Near the intersection of Cleveland Street & Clearfield
Avenue Yes
18060-120 June 4, 2017 Near the intersection of Indian River Road & South
Military Highway No
21080-000 June 13, 2017 Near the intersection of Cleveland Street & Marian Lane No
07100-041 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of Virginia Beach Boulevard &
Village Road No
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
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Table 2-13. Summary of Outfalls Screened
Outfall Station # Date of Inspection Location Potential Illicit Discharge
07120-178 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of Virginia Beach Boulevard & Air
Station Drive No
05080-362 May 18, 2017 Near the intersection of Virginia Beach Boulevard &
Cranston Lane No
05220-690 May 16, 2017 Near the intersection of Rose Hall Drive & Blue Castle
Lane Yes
01030-080 May 17, 2017 Near the intersection of Air Rail Avenue & Thurston
Avenue No
Program Evaluation
The City is in compliance with the PY1 requirements and has completed the screening of 50 outfalls.
2.14 Infrastructure Coordination
Summary of Implementation
The City met with VDOT on October 11, 2016 as required in permit Section I.B.2.m. The meeting
focused primarily on MS4 mapping efforts and the distinction between the City’s MS4 service area
and the VDOT right-of way (ROW) but included all topics required by the permit. The topics discussed
and the resulting conversation are detailed below:
• Mapping - Both the City and VDOT have coordinated their corresponding MS4 service areas
and no significant discrepancies were observed during the evaluation. Further coordination
will be performed, as the City completes the stormwater infrastructure management
element.
• Chesapeake Bay TMDL Action Plan - The MS4 service areas for the City and VDOT have been
coordinated and no significant discrepancies were observed during evaluation. Further
coordination will be performed, as projects and programs are identified within the action
plans.
• Other TMDL Action Plans - The City coordinated with VDOT on the Local TMDL Action Plans
that will be developed for the bacteria and phosphorus impairments within the City. Further
coordination will be performed, as projects and programs are identified within the action
plans.
• Credit for TMDL Implementation - The City and VDOT are both interested in potential
opportunities to partner to develop water quality improvement projects on properties
adjoining the VDOT ROW for TMDL credit.
• Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination - The procedures and points of contact for
notification of an illicit discharge were discussed and established during the meeting. The
City and VDOT have coordinated on the VDOT high risk industrial facilities within the City.
• Water Quality Monitoring - The City has provided the water quality monitoring locations and
data to VDOT.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 2
2-43
The City is planning the next coordination meeting with VDOT in PY2. During the meeting, the focus
will be on the development of the City’s TMDL Action Plans and communicating projects and
programs to VDOT.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• As part of its Annual Report, the permittee shall document coordination efforts with VDOT
that occurred during the reporting year.
The VDOT coordination efforts are described in the Summary of Implementation.
Program Evaluation
The City has completed the process of coordinating MS4 service area mapping efforts with VDOT
during PY1.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 3
3-1
Section 3
Monitoring Requirements
This section includes specific reporting requirements for Permit Section I.C. as required in Part I.E of
the MS4 Permit.
3.1 In System/Wet Weather Monitoring
Summary of Implementation
The City has implemented an in-system monitoring program to characterize the stormwater
discharged to the MS4, identify pollutants of concern, and determine loading associated with land
uses based on the guidelines provided in Section I.C.1 of the permit. The program is implemented
through cooperation with the HRPDC, the United States Geological Survey (USGS), and the Hampton
Roads Sanitation District (HRSD). The team has selected two long term monitoring stations within
the City which include a continuous-record stream gage, continuous-record water-quality monitor
(measuring water temperature, specific conductance, and turbidity), and an automatic stream-water
sampler for the collection of stormflow samples. Water quality sampling for nutrients and suspended
solids is conducted during stormflow events to support the calculation of loads. The two sites within
the City are located at a storm drain near Lindsey Dr. and a storm drain at Ludlow Dr. The link to the
USGA website to view specific information about the program is:
http://va.water.usgs.gov/HRstormwater/index.html.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• The annual report due October 1, 2017 shall include the list of sites to be monitored during
the term of the state permit and monitoring protocols.
Monitoring protocols are included as part of the HRPDC Annual Report supplied to the City and are
attached in Appendix D.
Table 3-1. List of In System/Wet Weather Monitoring Locations
Monitoring Site ID Location
0204295063 Storm Drain at Lindsey Drive
0204306533 Storm Drain at Ludlow Drive
• Each annual report shall include a summary of the monitoring results and analyses and an
interpretation of that data.
The HRPDC Annual Report included a broad analysis of data gathered from the 12 sites which
included annual precipitation and discharge and water temperature in five minute intervals. The
analysis for nutrient loading was reported out as aggregate values based on the land types
associated with each station. More detailed monitoring results for the sampling at the individual
stations within the City are available on the USGS National Water Interface System site and can be
accessed through this web link: https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory. The data from the City’s
sites can be accessed by searching the database using the monitoring site ID provided in Table 3-1.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 3
3-2
3.2 BMP Monitoring
Summary of Implementation
During PY1, the City completed the development of BMP Monitoring Protocols to characterize the
quality of stormwater discharged to its MS4 and evaluate the performance of selected BMPs. The
sampling sites are the Bow Creek Recreation Center wet pond, College Park Elementary School
underground detention/infiltration facility, and Old Donation Center School underground
detention/infiltration facility. Each of these sites has been constructed and accepted into the City
system. The City was granted a minor permit modification on August 11, 2017 to update the BMP
sites identified in the permit. Sampling at the BMP sites identified in the City’s MS4 Program Plan will
begin in PY2.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• No later than twelve (12) months after the effective date of this state permit, the permittee
shall submit to the Department the location of site to be monitored, the methodology and the
monitoring protocols. The monitoring protocols shall be incorporated into the MS4 Program
Plan.
Table 3-2 includes the locations where BMP monitoring will be conducted. The methodology and the
monitoring protocols are included in the MS4 Program Plan.
Table 3-2. List of BMP Locations for Monitoring
Monitoring Site Location and Description
College Park Elementary School
College Park Elementary School is located in the western portion of Virginia
Beach within the Elizabeth River Watershed. This site has an underground
detention facility, which was installed in 2011
Bow Creek Recreation Center Bow Creek Recreation Center is located in the Lynnhaven River Watershed of
Virginia Beach and has a large wet pond which was constructed in 2015
Old Donation Center School
Old Donation Center and Kemps Landing Magnet School is located in the
Lynnhaven River Watershed and has an underground detention facility, which
was installed in 2016
3.3 Structural and Source Controls Compliance Monitoring and
Tracking
Summary of Implementation
The City maintains a GIS database of SWMFs and a work management system that records
inspections of all SWMFs and maintenance of public SWMFs. Each asset is added to the system at
the time of acceptance by City staff. Additionally, the City has completed efforts to document
addresses, treatments areas, Hydrologic Unit Code 6 (HUC6), and impaired watershed segments of
each SWMF within the City and the dataset is currently contained in an Excel file. This data is
maintained in the City’s GIS dataset and new information for future SWMFs are incorporated as they
are accepted by the City.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 3
3-3
The total SWMFs as of June 30, 2017 are 3,145 with 717 public SWMFs and 2,428 private SWMFs.
Parameters required in permit Section I.C.3. are included in the database. Facilities that solely
provide peak flow control are not included in the database per Permit Section I.C.b.3.
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include a copy of the updated database in electronic format.
An electronic copy of the SWMF database has been submitted along with this annual report in
Microsoft Excel format.
• Each annual report shall include a summary of actions taken by the permittee to ensure
maintenance of private stormwater management facilities.
During PY1, the City developed a five-year schedule to complete inspections of private SWMFs and
developed the SWMF Inspection and Maintenance Manual. The City conducted inspections at private
SWMFs with DEQ certified inspectors. Inspectors issue notices to comply when a SWMF is deemed to
need maintenance or repair. If the owner has not made the necessary repairs or communicated to
the City a proposed schedule to complete repairs by the date of the follow up investigation 30 days
later, then a notice of violation is issued. The owner is given 30 days to comply. If the owner is still
not in compliance, then enforcement actions are considered which may include legal action. The City
tracks inspections with the work management system.
For single family residential SWMFs, the City developed a strategy document that includes targeted
education and training programs to increase awareness and participation for property owners.
Please refer to the Summary of Implementation for Stormwater Infrastructure Management in
Section 2.9 of this document for additional information.
• Each annual report shall include a summary of the program to ensure maintenance of
stormwater management facilities maintained by the permittee.
City owned or operated SMWFs are scheduled to be inspected annually. During PY1, the City
conducted inspections of 853 municipal SWMFs by DEQ certified inspectors. During the inspection,
the condition of the SWMF was assessed. An additional work order was opened for SWMFs in need
of immediate maintenance or repairs as documented in the field by a non-compliance rating. During
PY1, maintenance was performed on 69 City owned or operated SWMFs. The City confirms
completion of the maintenance need by close out of the work order within the work management
system. Additional documentation of both inspections and maintenance are retained in the work
management system.
Please refer to the Summary of Implementation for Stormwater Infrastructure Management in
Section 2.9 of this document for additional information.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 4
4-1
Section 4
TMDL Action Plan and
Implementation
This section includes a summary of implementation for Permit Section I.D. as required in Part I.E of
the MS4 Permit. There are no PY1 specific reporting requirements for permit items in this section.
4.1 Chesapeake Bay Special Condition
The City is currently developing the Chesapeake Bay TMDL Action Plan and will submit the document
in accordance with the schedule defined in the permit. The City has made progress on projects and
programs to be utilized for Chesapeake Bay TMDL credit. During PY1, the City received SLAF grant
funding for the Chatham Hall Lake Water Quality Improvement Project and has initiated a City-wide
street sweeping program. Previously, in FY16, the City received funding for the Kemps Lake Water
Quality Retrofit Project. In addition to the implementation of the Chesapeake Bay TMDL Action Plan,
the City is implementing permit requirements pursuant to Section I.D.1.c.2. of the permit, which
includes:
• The Turf and Nutrient Management Plan described in Section 2.5 of this document
• Construction site runoff controls described in Section 2.2 of this document
• Means and methods to address discharges from new sources described in Section 2.2 of
this document
4.2 TMDL Plans Other Than the Chesapeake Bay TMDL
The City is currently developing a Bacteria TMDL Action Plan and Phosphorus TMDL Action Plan to
address TMDLs other than the Chesapeake Bay and will submit the documents in accordance with
the schedule defined in the permit.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-1
Section 5
MS4 Program and Plan
Requirements
This section includes specific reporting requirements for Permit Section I.A. as required in Part I.E of
the MS4 Permit.
5.1 Permittee Responsibilities
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Each annual report shall include a current list of roles and responsibilities.
The current roles and responsibilities by department are included in Table 5-1.
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Public Works
Public Works/Engineering
Public Works/Surface
Water Regulatory
Compliance
PW/SWRC
Evaluate non-stormwater authorized
discharges for permit compliance I.A.1.
Implement the MS4 Program Plan (MS4PP),
coordinate with other departments and
divisions to define roles and responsibilities,
and coordinate with DEQ during any cases of
non-compliance
I.A.2.
Review and recommend changes to
ordinances to ensure permit compliance I.A.3.
Ensure permit fees are paid I.A.5.
Maintain, implement, and enforce the
MS4PP. Document any additions, changes,
or modifications. Post MS4PP to website.
I.A.6.
Review MS4PP annually and update as
needed I.A.7.
Develop and implement stormwater projects.
Provide summary of projects and status
updates to website.
I.B.1.
Implement stormwater management and
erosion control programs in accordance with
the regulations and provide reporting
I.B.2.a.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-2
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Public Works/Surface
Water Regulatory
Compliance
PW/SWRC
Develop and implement stormwater retrofit
projects on prior developed lands I.B.2.b.
Document miles of roadway treated vs
untreated I.B.2.c.1.
Develop protocols for the maintenance of
roads, streets, and parking lots I.B.2.c.2.
Identify lands that require turf and nutrient
management plans, oversee development of
the plans, and track completion of plan
development.
I.B.2.d
Document City ordinances related to
pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer that are
more restrictive than state regulation
I.B.2.d.3.
Document any Integrated pest management
plans developed within the City I.B.2.d.4.
Implement a program that prohibits non-
permitted discharges to the MS4 I.B.2.e.
Document any changes to allowable
discharges I.B.2.e.1.
Develop and implement a floatables program I.B.2.e.3.
Oversee a program to locate illicit discharges
and implement a dry weather screening
program. Eliminate identified illicit
discharges.
I.B.2.e.5.
I.B.2.e.6.
Implement an industrial and high risk runoff
inspection program I.B.2.g.
Oversee inspection and maintenance
programs and ensure maintenance of private
SWMFs
I.B.2.h.2.
Develop and implement a strategy to
promote the long-term maintenance of SWM
facilities that treat runoff solely from the
individual residential lot
I.B.2.h.2.a.1.
Oversee completion of mapping of the
stormwater system I.B.2.h.3-8
Oversee implementation of good
housekeeping procedures I.B.2.i.1.
Coordinate with city and school facilities to
install storm drain markers I.B.2.i.1.e.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-3
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Public Works/Surface
Water Regulatory
Compliance
PW/SWRC
Identify non-VPDES municipal facilities,
identify which facilities are high priority,
develop SWPPPs, and oversee
implementation of the SWPPPs at each
facility
I.B.i.2.
Implement a public education program with
City departments, Schools, HRPDC, and non-
governmental organizations
I.B.2.j.1.
Ensure that annual reports, the permit, and
the MS4 Program Plan are on the City
website
I.B.2.j.2-4
Implement a training program to provide
training for Illicit Discharge and Good
Housekeeping
I.B.2.k.
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5 and 6
Implement dry weather screening program I.B.2.l.
Coordinate with VDOT annually on the MS4
program I.B.2.m.
Implement in system/wet weather
monitoring program with HRPDC, USGS, and
HRSD
I.C.1.
Implement BMP monitoring program I.C.2.
Oversee SWMF database and tracking
activities I.C.3.
Develop and implement the Chesapeake Bay
Action Plan including submittal of data
required annually
I.D.1.
Develop and implement other local action
plans for TMDLs and submit required data
annually
I.D.2.
Submit MS4 annual reports I.E.
Public Works/Engineering
Support Services PW/ESS
Coordinate post construction stormwater
conveyance infrastructure and SWMF
inspections with PW/IESR for acceptance
into system. Provide stormwater
infrastructure record drawings of the
conveyance system and as-builts of SWMFs.
I.B.2.h
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5. - 6
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-4
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Public Works/ Project
Management PW/PM
Provide stormwater infrastructure record
drawings of the conveyance system and as-
builts of SWMFs
I.B.2.h
Ensure that appropriate personnel have
Erosion and Sediment (E&S) and SWM
training and certifications
I.B.2.k.5 and 6
Public Works/
Transportation Program and
Project Management
PW/TPPM
Provide stormwater infrastructure record
drawings of the conveyance system and as-
builts of SWMFs
I.B.2.h
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5 and 6
Public Works Operations
Public Works/Operations
and Maintenance PW/OM
Implement stormwater management and
erosion control programs in accordance with
the regulations
I.B.2.a.
Maintain roadways according to written
protocols to minimize pollutant discharge I.B.2.c.
Implement a program to maintain the public
stormwater infrastructure and to update the
accuracy and inventory of the stormwater
system
I.B.2.h.
Perform necessary routine maintenance and
repairs of publicly owned and/or maintained
SWMFs
I.B.2.h.1.a-c
Perform inspections of 15% of the
stormwater infrastructure system annually,
perform identified maintenance, and obtain
any permits required for maintenance work
I.B.2.h.1.d - f
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5 and 6
Maintain and update the database of SWMFs I.C.3.
Public Works/Mosquito
Control PW/MC
Implement the mosquito control program
using good housekeeping measures in the
application, storage, transport and disposal
of pesticides
I.B.2.d.2
Ensure, track and report that appropriate
personnel have pesticide training and
certifications
I.B.2.k.4
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-5
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Public Works/Construction
and Engineering PW/CE
Implement stormwater management and
erosion control programs in accordance with
the regulations and provide reporting
I.B.2.a.
Perform identified maintenance and obtain
permits for stormwater infrastructure
maintenance
I.B.2.h.1.d and
f
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications and
require that contractors who apply herbicides
are trained or certified.
I.B.2.k.4. - 6
Public Works/Inspections
and Environmental Spill
Response
PW/IESR
Investigate potential illicit discharges, and
track and report on investigations and
resolutions
I.B.2.e.5 and 6.
Prevent, contain and respond to non-
emergency spills and provide support to the
Fire Department upon request for Emergency
Spill Response
I.B.2.f.
Perform annual inspections and identify
necessary maintenance of publicly owned
and/or maintained SWMFs
I.B.2.h.1.a and
b
Perform inspections once every five years for
private SWMF and follow up to ensure that
maintenance was performed
I.B.2.h.2.a.2
and 3
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5 and 6
Public Works/Technical
Services and Asset
Management
PW/TSAM
Maintain and update roadways database I.B.2.c.1.
Track and report on potential illicit discharge
investigations I.B.2.e.5.
Track and report on spills I.B.2.f.
Maintain and update the stormwater
infrastructure system, SWMF, and MS4
outfall databases
I.B.2.h
Track and report total infrastructure asset
counts and inspections and maintenance of
the stormwater system
I.B.2.h.1.
Maintain and update database of SWMFs for
all public and private facilities I.C.3.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-6
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Public Works/Infrastructure
Maintenance Contracts PW/IMC
Coordinate post construction stormwater
conveyance infrastructure and SWMF
inspections with PW/IESR for acceptance
into system. Provide stormwater
infrastructure record drawings of the
conveyance system and as-builts of SWMFs.
I.B.2.h
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5 and 6
Public Works/Street
Maintenance PW/SM
Maintain roadways according to written
protocols to minimize pollutant discharge I.B.2.c
Store deicing materials indoors or under
cover I.B.2.c.3 and 4
Public Works Facilities
Public Works/Building
Maintenance Management
and Support
PW/BMMS
Maintain municipal parking lots according to
written protocols to minimize pollutant
discharge
I.B.2.c
Store deicing materials indoors or under
cover I.B.2.c.3 and 4
Implement the municipal facility pest control
program using good housekeeping measures
in the application, storage, transport and
disposal of pesticides
I.B.2.d.2
Ensure, track and report that appropriate
personnel have pesticide training and
certifications
I.B.2.k.4.
Public Works Waste Management
Public Works/Waste
Management Recycling PW/WMR
Prohibit dumping of hazardous waste, refuse
and debris. Implement programs to collect
vehicle fluids and hazardous waste
I.B.2.e.4.
Promote clean-up activities and disposal of
vehicle fluids and household hazardous
waste. Promote and publicize proper disposal
of household yard wastes. Promote the use of
the litter prevention program.
I.B.2.j.1.b, d, e,
f
Public Works Fleet Management
Public Works/ Fleet
Management PW/FM
Operate the Fleet Maintenance Facility in
accordance with good housekeeping
procedures and implement and maintain the
SWPPP
I.B.2.i.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-7
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Public Works Directors Office
Public Works/ Business
Center PW/BC
Maintain stormwater program budget in the
City's annual Operating Budget Plan I.A.4.
Planning and Community Development
Planning and Community
Development/Development
Services Center
PL/DSC
Implement a stormwater management and
erosion control programs in accordance with
the regulations and provide reporting
I.B.2.a.
Provide stormwater infrastructure as-built
drawings of the conveyance system and
SWMFs
I.B.2.h
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5. - 6
Planning and Community
Development/Building
Permits and Inspections
PL/PI
Implement stormwater management and
erosion control programs in accordance with
the regulations and provide reporting
I.B.2.a.
Coordinate post construction stormwater
conveyance infrastructure and SWMF
inspections with PW/IESR for acceptance
into system and provide single family
residential SWMF asset data
I.B.2.h
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5. - 6
Fire Department
Fire Department / Fire
Marshals FIRE/FM Report potential illicit discharges to PW/OM I.B.2.f.
Fire Department/Fire
Operations
FIRE/OP
Prevent, contain and respond to emergency
spills I.B.2.f.
Ensure appropriate personnel have spill
response training and report on the training
program
I.B.2.k.8.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-8
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Public Utilities
Public Utilities/Engineering PU/ENG
Implement stormwater management and
erosion control programs in accordance with
the regulations and provide reporting
I.B.2.a.
Implement a sanitary sewer inspection
program I.B.2.e.2.
Prohibit dumping of sanitary sewage I.B.2.e.4.
Track and report spills of sanitary sewage I.B.2.f.
Coordinate post construction stormwater
conveyance infrastructure and SWMF
inspections with PW/IESR for acceptance
into system. Provide stormwater
infrastructure record drawings of the
conveyance system and as-builts of SWMFs.
I.B.2.h
Inspect and conduct maintenance of the
stormwater infrastructure system and
SWMFs for Public Utilities facilities
I.B.2.h.1.a-c
Ensure that appropriate personnel have E&S
and SWM training and certifications I.B.2.k.5.-6
Parks and Recreation
Parks and
Recreation/Landscape
Management
PR/LM
Maintain municipal and school parking lots
according to written protocols to minimize
pollutant discharge
I.B.2.c
Store deicing materials indoors or under
cover I.B.2.c.3 and 4
Develop and implement turf and landscape
nutrient management plans I.B.2.d.1.
Implement pesticide, herbicide, fertilizer
program using good housekeeping measures
in the application, storage, transport and
disposal of pesticides
I.B.2.d.2
Conduct maintenance of SWMF on Schools,
Parks, and Recreation Center properties
I.B.2.h.1.a and
c
Perform the identified maintenance of the
stormwater infrastructure system at Schools
and Parks facilities
I.B.2.h.1.d
Ensure, track and report that appropriate
personnel have pesticide training and
certifications
I.B.2.k.4.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-9
Table 5-1. Roles and Responsibilities
Department/Division Abbreviation Responsibilities Permit Section
Parks and Recreation /
Programming and
Operations
PR/PO
Public outreach and education - Implement
Adopt-a-Program, student education
projects, pet waste stations, and volunteer
planting and cleanup project efforts
I.B.2.j.1.b,e
Schools
Schools / Facility
Operations Schools/FO
Perform inspections of 15% of the schools
stormwater infrastructure system annually,
perform identified maintenance, and obtain
any permits required for maintenance work
I.B.2.h.1.d - f
City Attorney’s Office
City Attorney CA
Maintain ordinances to control discharge
to/from the MS4 I.A.3.
Support the enforcement of ordinances to
prohibit dumping and to eliminate illicit
discharges
I.B.2.e.4. - 6
Support the enforcement of maintenance
agreements for private SWMFs I.B.2.h.2.a.2.
In addition to the programs implemented by City departments, the City also maintains an agreement
with the HRPDC to implement portions of the MS4 permit. These programs pertain to the outreach
elements in Section I.B.2.j.1.e-f. The HRPDC also coordinates the regional in-system monitoring
program in Section I.C.1.
• Each annual report shall include a list of those circumstances of non-compliance outside of
the permittee’s control.
The City did not have any incidences of non-compliance during FY2017.
5.2 MS4 Program Resources
Specific Reporting Requirements
• A copy of the fiscal year’s budget including its proposed capital and operation and
maintenance expenditures necessary to accomplish the activities required by this state
permit shall be submitted with each annual report.
A Trial Balance Appropriation Object Account which represents the budget devoted to the FY 2016-
2017 Storm Water Management Program through the Department of Public Works is $39,859,683.
A copy of the City’s FY2016-2017 operating budget is available at
https://www.vbgov.com/government/departments/budget-office-management-services/budget-
archives/Documents/fy17-adopted-budget/fy17-adopted-operating-budget.pdf.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017 Section 5
5-10
5.3 MS4 Program Plan
Specific Reporting Requirements
• Utilizing the last annual report prior to this state permit effective date as a baseline, no later
than 12 months after the permit effective date, the permittee shall submit to the Department
for review and approval an updated MS4 Program Plan to describe implementation of this
MS4 Program and meet the conditions described in this section.
The MS4 Program Plan was submitted to DEQ on June 30, 2017 and was approved on August 22,
2017.
5.4 MS4 Program Review and Updates
Specific Reporting Requirements
• All modifications and proposed modifications shall be reported in accordance with this
section of the permit.
There have been no modifications to the MS4 Program Plan in FY17.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017
A-1
Appendix A: Floatables Reduction Program Plan
F I N A L
Virginia Beach Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Floatables Reduction Program Plan
Prepared for
Public Works Engineering Surface Water Regulatory Compliance Division
August 2017
Prepared by:
CH2M HILL, Inc. 5701 Cleveland Street, Suite 200 Virginia Beach, Virginia
SL0626171331VBO iii
Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1-1
2 Floatables Reduction Requirements .......................................................................... 2-1 2.1 MS4 Permit .......................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Water Quality Standards ...................................................................................... 2-1 2.3 Floatables Reduction Case Studies ...................................................................... 2-2
3 Program Implementation Strategies ......................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Existing Litter Prevention Programs .................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1 AskHRgreen.org ....................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 City of Virginia Beach ............................................................................... 3-2 3.1.3 Volunteer Litter Cleanups ........................................................................ 3-3 3.1.4 Code of the City of Virginia Beach ........................................................... 3-3
3.2 Additional Program Strategies ............................................................................. 3-5 3.2.1 Program Integration and Optimization.................................................... 3-5 3.2.2 Targeted Prevention Outreach and Operations ...................................... 3-5 3.2.3 MS4 Design and Operations Evaluations ................................................. 3-5
3.3 Public Outreach .................................................................................................... 3-6
4 Program Evaluation and Adjustments ....................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Monitoring Program Effectiveness ...................................................................... 4-1
4.1.1 Floatables Monitoring Program Objectives ............................................. 4-1 4.1.2 Survey Locations ...................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.3 Survey Frequency and Procedures .......................................................... 4-2 4.1.4 Pilot Monitoring Survey ........................................................................... 4-2
4.2 Program Evaluation .............................................................................................. 4-2 4.2.1 Monitoring Report Retention and Storage .............................................. 4-2 4.2.2 Evaluating Program Effectiveness ............................................................ 4-5 4.2.3 Annual Reporting ..................................................................................... 4-5
4.3 Process for Program Adjustments ....................................................................... 4-5
5 Implementation Schedule ......................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Monitoring Schedule ............................................................................................ 5-1 5.2 Annual Evaluation and Reporting Schedule ........................................................ 5-1
6 References ................................................................................................................ 6-1
Appendices
A Case Studies B Monitoring Program
Figure
1 Index Map
SL0626171331VBO 1-1
SECTION 1
Introduction The City of Virginia Beach (City) is required by its Virginia Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit to develop and implement a Floatables Reduction Program (Program). The City must describe its procedures to reduce floatables and to measure the effectiveness of the Program in its MS4 annual report due to Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) by October 1, 2017.
The purpose of the Program is to reduce the discharge of floatables from the City’s stormwater system. Floatables are typically trash and other items that are most noticeable on surface waters and on lands adjacent to surface waters (adjacent lands). Floatables can injure aquatic life, create nuisance conditions and aesthetic impairments, and create physical impairments to recreational use of surface waters. The objective of the Program is to determine if floatables are noticeably present on surface waters and adjacent lands; and, if present, characterize the observed floatables and implement cost-effective strategies to reduce MS4 floatables discharges.
The approach of the Floatables Reduction Program is to monitor several sites downstream of MS4 outfalls and characterize the discharge of floatables, if any, from the MS4 system. The Program also seeks to coordinate the City’s existing trash and litter prevention and control activities to help reduce the amount of floatables. The monitoring effort will yield information on the types and amounts of floatables discharged and the data will be evaluated to determine if further actions are needed to improve MS4 floatables control methods used by the City.
This document describes the City’s MS4 permit requirements, case studies of similar floatables reduction programs, the strategies of the City’s Floatables Reduction Program, the method by which the City will evaluate program effectiveness and make adjustments, and the Program’s implementation schedule.
SL0626171331VBO 2-1
SECTION 2
Floatables Reduction Requirements The City’s Floatables Reduction Program satisfies the MS4 permit requirements and will help to reduce the discharge of floatables. The following section describes the MS4 permit floatables reduction requirements and the relative water quality standards the Program is intended to serve.
2.1 MS4 Permit The MS4 Permit Requirement Part I.B.2.e)3) under Illicit Discharges and Improper Disposal, effective July 1, 2016, states: “The permittee shall develop and implement a program to reduce the discharge of floatables (e.g. litter and other human-generated solid refuse).”
The relative reporting requirements in the MS4 permit are as follows:
• The annual report, due October 1, 2017, shall include a description of the procedures the permittee will implement to reduce floatables as required by Part I.B.2.e)3), including procedures to determine the floatables reduction program effectiveness.
• Each annual report after program development shall include a list of sites surveyed for floatables, a summary of observations at each site, and a determination as to the effectiveness of the floatables reduction program.
The MS4 permit Illicit Discharges and Improper Disposal section requires the City to develop a program to reduce floatables discharged from its MS4 system, monitor floatables at sites via surveys, and evaluate the effectiveness of their Floatables Reduction Program.
2.2 Water Quality Standards DEQ is responsible for carrying out the mandates of the State Water Control Law, as well as meeting Virginia's federal obligations under the Clean Water Act. DEQ administers state laws and regulations to improve and protect Virginia's streams, rivers, bays, wetlands and groundwater for aquatic life, human health and other beneficial water uses.1 DEQ extensively tests Virginia's rivers, lakes and tidal waters for pollutants. More than 130 pollutants are monitored annually to determine whether the waters can be used for swimming, fishing, and drinking. Waters that do not meet standards are reported to the citizens of Virginia and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in the Final 2014 305(b)/303(d) Water Quality Assessment Integrated Report (Integrated Report) (DEQ, 2016). The impaired waters list individually describes segments of streams, lakes, and estuaries that exhibit violations of water quality standards. The report details the pollutant responsible for the violations, and the suspected cause and source of the pollutant.2 Assessment data are compared to both numeric and narrative criteria established for Virginia’s designated uses and promulgated in its water quality standards in the Virginia Administrative Code (9VAC 25-260).
1 Source: DEQ, http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Programs/Water.aspx, last accessed June 21, 2017.
2 Source: DEQ, http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Programs/Water/WaterQualityInformationTMDLs.aspx, last accessed June 21, 2017.
SECTION 2—FLOATABLES REDUCTION REQUIREMENTS
2-2 SL0626171331VBO
Virginia’s narrative water quality standards require that “all state waters shall be free from substances attributable to sewage, industrial waste, or other waste in concentrations, amounts, or combinations which contravene established standards or interfere directly or indirectly with designated uses of such water or which are inimical or harmful to human, animal, plant, or aquatic life." In particular, “specific substances to be controlled include, but are not limited to: floating debris, oil, scum, and other floating materials; ….” (9VAC 25-260-20).
DEQ released the latest Integrated Report on June 13, 2016. There are no surface waters listed as impaired by floating debris or other floating materials in this report.
2.3 Floatables Reduction Case Studies Other localities in Virginia have floatables reduction programs to fulfill the requirements of their MS4 permit and several case studies of other localities’ floatables reduction programs are summarized in this section. The localities are conducting monitoring and reporting, continuing existing reduction strategies, and performing public outreach. Detailed descriptions of each case study are provided in Appendix A.
Fairfax County, Virginia
Fairfax County has contracted with The Clean Fairfax Counsel to conduct their Floatables Reduction Program. Clean Fairfax conducts quarterly monitoring at five selected sites and has assisted in developing and performing public outreach for the Program. Monitoring sites are located based on areas regulated under Fairfax County’s MS4 permit, representative land use, stream segments in the county’s hydrography, and where they have maintenance and repair easements. Fairfax’s program plan outlines four major field protocols for health and safety, sampling methods, sampling frequency, and rainfall criteria. As an initial floatables control strategy, Fairfax County plans to create informative signage for convenience stores within the County. The County has identified convenience stores as a major contributor to floatable trash in their waterways and will perform targeted outreach at these businesses.
Arlington County, Virginia
Arlington County is conducting floatables surveys to document the effectiveness of its litter control programs for the MS4. Arlingtonians for a Clean Environment (ACE) is contracted to perform floatables monitoring at three locations during year-round stream cleanup programs. The County does not appear to be implementing any additional control strategies other than stream cleanups at this time.
City of Hampton, Virginia
The City of Hampton is performing limited floatables monitoring and analysis at specific sites, evaluating effectiveness, augmenting existing watershed control systems, such as street sweeping and catch basin cleaning, conducting a public outreach program, and continuing stream cleanups. Public education and outreach via a brochure is focused on street litter prevention to reduce floatables generation through behavioral control. Depending on program trends, additional control measures will be implemented, such as enhanced catch basin controls, and a comprehensive floatables control technology evaluation will be performed.
SL0626171331VBO 3-1
SECTION 3
Program Implementation Strategies The City has several litter prevention programs and partnering arrangements, maintenance activities, and local ordinances that act as source controls to prevent floatables from entering the City’s MS4. The City has identified and evaluated relative Floatables Reduction Programs in other localities to determine if additional strategies may improve the effectiveness of its existing program. Public outreach for the Floatables Reduction Program will be included in the City’s MS4 Program Public Outreach Plan.
3.1 Existing Litter Prevention Programs Litter prevention programs are being conducted by the City and other agencies and organizations to raise awareness, and monitor and clean shorelines of floatables. The following sections describe the existing activities that help to reduce floatables discharged from the City’s MS4.
3.1.1 AskHRgreen.org The City participates in askHRgreen.org, which is a public awareness program administered through the Hampton Roads Planning District Commission for the seventeen cities and counties of Hampton Roads. The program encourages environmental stewardship among all residents in southeastern Virginia.
Keep America Beautiful’s Great American Cleanup
AskHRgreen.org promotes the Keep America Beautiful Great American Cleanup initiative by hosting events throughout the region. In 2017, the City is hosting a series of “Clean Your Block Party” events to encourage local volunteers to participate in their local neighborhoods. Information is available on askHRgreen.org’s website (http://askHRgreen.org), organized by municipality.
Cigarette Litter Prevention Program
In fiscal years (FY) 2014 to 2015, askHRgreen.org’s Recycling and Beautification Subcommittee was awarded a grant from Keep American Beautiful to implement their cigarette litter prevention program. The purpose of the Cigarette Litter Prevention Program was to increase awareness of cigarette butts as litter and to measure effectiveness by pre- and post-testing. In 2017, the askHRgreen.org Cigarette Litter Prevention Program was awarded a $2,000 grant by Keep Virginia Beautiful3.
3 Source: http://www.hrpdcva.gov/news/article/june/06/2017/askhrgreen.org-wins-keep-virginia-beautiful-grant-for-cigarette-litter-prevention-project/. Last accessed August 3, 2017.
SECTION 3—PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
3-2 SL0626171331VBO
3.1.2 City of Virginia Beach Department of Public Works (DPW)
Storm Drain Marker Program
The Storm Drain Marker Program was implemented to help increase public awareness of the environmental effects of dumping in storm drains and their contribution to water pollution in the Chesapeake Bay, Back Bay, and the Atlantic Ocean. The program uses volunteers to place drain markers on storm drains (catch basins). The 4-inch markers that the program is currently using are provided by the City and are watershed-specific. This program helps reduce floatable litter by educating the public about the direct link between storm drains and surface waters.
Street Sweeping
The City sweeps all public streets six times per year on a bi-monthly basis using regenerative air sweepers. At the Oceanfront Resort Area, street sweeping occurs daily from 42nd Street to the 1st Street Jetty on Atlantic and Pacific Avenues and the cross streets in between, from Memorial Day to Labor Day weekend. Outside of this timeframe, street sweeping occurs weekly and as needed for special events at these locations. Sweeping public roads on a regular basis reduces trash that tends to accumulate in road gutters.
E-cycling
The City participates in two annual electronics recycling events sponsored by the Virginia Aquarium and Marine Science Center. The City contracts with a company to collect household hazardous waste at these events.
Department of Parks and Recreation
Clean the Bay Day
Clean the Bay Day is a 3-hour annual event held on the first Saturday in June with cleanup efforts taking place throughout the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. The Virginia Beach event is co-sponsored by the City and the Virginia Beach Clean Community Commission (VBCCC) in conjunction with the Chesapeake Bay Foundation. During the event, volunteers pick up harmful litter and debris from the shores of the Chesapeake Bay and at public areas throughout the City.
Annual Earth Day Celebration
An Earth Day Celebration takes place annually at Mount Trashmore Park. The event is presented by both Virginia Beach Parks and Recreation and the VBCCC. The event hosts various exhibits, displays, and activities that explore effective and convenient ways to green lifestyles. The event also includes electronics recycling, document shredding, car battery round-up, child safety seat recycling, household hazardous waste disposal, and metals recycling.
Adopt-A-Program
The Adopt-A-Program is a Department of Parks and Recreation program that encourages environmental responsibility through scheduled litter pickups. Individuals, families, groups, businesses, and organizations are encouraged to adopt a section of the City for a 2-year period with a minimum of six cleanups per year. Various volunteer programs include:
• Highway: 2-mile section of arterial roadway, to include both sides
SECTION 3—PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
SL0626171331VBO 3-3
• Park: most City and neighborhood parks are eligible for adoption • Spot: any public area that needs attention • Street: a 1-mile residential street section including both sides • Trail: a 1-mile section including 5 to 10 feet on both sides • Waterway: at least 1/2-mile section of a local waterway • Landscape maintenance: minimum of 300 square feet with a submitted landscape plan
Virginia Beach Clean Community Commission
VBCCC is a City Council-appointed group formed in 1980, to promote litter prevention, recycling, beautification, and general environmental awareness through educational projects. Virginia Beach Clean Community Volunteers, Inc. is the nonprofit group that supports VBCCC's activities. In Virginia Beach, presentations and educational resources are provided to school clubs, community organizations, and businesses on litter prevention and awareness. The Clean Community Commission and the Waste Management Division work together to provide volunteer opportunities for Virginia Beach residents. Information about the VBCCC organization and their programs are provided on their website (https://www.vbgov.com/government/departments/public-works/pw-waste-management/Pages/vbccc.aspx).
3.1.3 Volunteer Litter Cleanups Non-governmental organizations, such as Lynnhaven River Now and the Elizabeth River Project, periodically sponsor volunteer litter cleanups along the City’s waterways. Some of the volunteer cleanups are coordinated with the Department of Parks and Recreation.
3.1.4 Code of the City of Virginia Beach Several City codes and ordinances are intended to reduce litter or have secondary benefits that reduce floatables discharged by the City’s MS4. City codes and ordinances are available at: https://library.municode.com/va/virginia_beach/codes/code_of_ordinances
Chapter 31 – Solid Waste
Chapter 31 has provisions with individual codes that require landowners to keep their properties and abutting streets and sidewalks free of litter, make it unlawful for a person to litter, and require construction materials to be stored or disposed of in a way that prevents accumulation of debris, among others. These provisions are mentioned in the following sections:
• Section 31-10 - Unlawful storage and deposits generally; littering. Section is summarized as follows:
– Unlawful to scatter building and construction materials, hazardous waste or refuse about or litter any public or private street, area, or place.
– Unlawful to cast, throw, place, sweep, or deposit anywhere within the City any building and construction materials, hazardous waste or refuse in such a manner that it may be carried or deposited by the elements upon any street, sidewalk, alley, sewer, parkway, or other public place or into any occupied or unoccupied premises within the City.
SECTION 3—PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
3-4 SL0626171331VBO
– Unlawful to throw or deposit any hazardous waste, refuse, or debris in any stream or body of water.
– The driver of any vehicle shall be responsible for assuring that no litter, hazardous waste, refuse, or building and construction materials are thrown from the vehicle or occurs through the lack of proper covering.
• Section 31-12 – Property to be kept free of litter. Section summarized as follows:
– All owners or occupants shall maintain the real property owned or occupied by them in a clean and litter-free condition.
• Section 31-48 – Inspection of containers and vehicles.
– All containers and vehicles owned or operated by private refuse collectors shall be subject to inspection by police officers, assistant fire marshals, and inspectors assigned to the Department of Housing and Neighborhood Preservation, to ensure safety compliance and to ensure that proper lids or covers are provided to prevent litter problems.
Chapter 33 – Streets and Sidewalks
Chapter 33 outlines the general authority of the City, relative to streets and sidewalks as it pertains to overall city planning. The codes that relate to litter prevention and floatables reduction are as follows:
• Section 33-13 – Duty of property owners and occupants to keep abutting streets and sidewalks free of litter.
– All owners or occupants of real property shall maintain the sidewalks and curbs and the right-of-way up to the edge of the pavement of any public street abutting such property and one-half of abutting alleys in a clean and litter-free condition. All owners or occupants of real property adjacent to a sound wall or similar noise attenuation structure shall maintain the area between the property line and the sound wall or similar noise attenuation structure in a clean and litter-free condition.
Appendix D – Stormwater Management
The purpose of the Virginia Beach Stormwater Management Ordinance is to ensure the general health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of the City and protect the quality and quantity of state waters from the potential harm of unmanaged stormwater, including protection from a land disturbing activity causing unreasonable degradation of properties, water quality, stream channels, and other natural resources, and to establish procedures whereby stormwater requirements related to water quality and quantity shall be administered and enforced.
Appendix H - Storm Sewer System Discharge
The Virginia Beach Storm Sewer System Discharge Ordinance was adopted as part of the City’s stormwater management program, to prevent certain non-stormwater discharges to, and improper disposal of substances in, the storm sewers system, to reduce to the maximum extent practicable, pollutants that may be present in discharges from the storm sewer system.
SECTION 3—PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
SL0626171331VBO 3-5
3.2 Additional Program Strategies Potential additional floatables reduction program strategies to enhance the City’s existing efforts or new strategies to help meet the City’s MS4 permit requirements are described in the following sections.
3.2.1 Program Integration and Optimization Section 3.1 describes the existing litter prevention programs, partnering arrangements, maintenance, and other activities that provide MS4 floatables source controls throughout the City. Many of these programs and activities are being conducted and optimized based on the information they are collecting. The City will compile information on and track the existing trash and litter prevention and control activities. Data collected by these activities will be compiled and evaluated periodically to identify problematic MS4 floatables sources and coordinate public and private activities to address those issues and prevent floatables from entering the City’s MS4. Improved coordination between agencies and organizations and integration of the data they collect will optimize their effectiveness and the overall effectiveness of the City’s MS4 Floatables Reduction Program.
Optimization of the Program may include redirecting street sweeping activities, catch basin cleaning, and best management practice (BMP) maintenance activities to areas with problematic litter conditions while also coordinating with other agencies for increased trash receptacle distribution and maintenance. Targeted signage, coordinated law enforcement, and other prevention and control activities may be employed to eliminate illegal dumping that results in increased MS4 floatables discharges.
3.2.2 Targeted Prevention Outreach and Operations Information and data compiled from program integration and floatables monitoring (see Section 4) will be reviewed to determine if MS4 floatables discharges are resulting from defects in or failures of specific non-governmental litter control activities. The City may coordinate with specific commercial, industrial, recreational, or other business owners and other potentially responsible parties to increase their awareness and coordinate enhanced litter control to prevent trash and other floatables from entering the City’s MS4. This effort may require City Code enforcement if persistent problems are not addressed. Targeted operations may include distributing additional trash receptacles, enhancing parking lot cleaning, enhancing catch basin controls, and installing signage.
3.2.3 MS4 Design and Operations Evaluations If the data from the floatables monitoring program described in Section 4 indicates that MS4 floatables discharges are caused by design or operational deficiencies and/or failures, the City may review its MS4 design criteria and operations to determine if improvements can feasibly be made to reduce MS4 floatables discharges. This evaluation may include a review of catch basin designs to determine if improvements can be made to either keep floatables out of the system or trap them in catch basins and prevent them from entering conveyance systems and being discharged. Stormwater management facility designs may be improved to optimize floatables control. Operational improvements, such as stormwater management facility maintenance, the frequency of catch basin cleaning and street sweeping, outfall maintenance, and other activities
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may be reviewed to determine if cost-effective improvements can be made to reduce MS4 floatables discharges.
3.3 Public Outreach The public outreach for the Floatables Reduction Program will be included as a part of the City’s MS4 Program Public Outreach Plan currently under development. The public outreach for floatables reduction should build on the following existing litter prevention activities, which are described in Section 3.1:
• Storm drain medallion • Reporting improper disposal of materials into the City’s storm sewer • Adopt-A-Program • Litter cleanup events
New outreach activities that are proposed in the Virginia Beach Public Outreach Plan and that may help reduce floatables discharges from the City’s MS4 are as follows:
1. Add information about the harmful effects of floatables and describe the City’s Floatables Reduction Program on the DPW website.
The City can update its stormwater website to describe the harmful effects of floatables and provide details about the City’s Floatables Monitoring Program. As data are collected and strategies developed to reduce floatables discharged from the MS4, further Program information can be added to the DPW website.
2. Add illicit discharge and improper disposal reporting information to the DPW website.
The City can update its stormwater website by including a link for reporting illicit discharges and improper disposal of materials that could possibly become floatable trash. The website link can include a phone number or it can open a form for submitting a report. Instructions on how to use the SeeClickFix software application to report an illicit discharge or improper disposal of materials could also be added as another reporting option in the software. Instructions on reporting the issue should suggest taking and submitting photographs to help describe the problem. The website should provide information for the public that describes how to identify an illicit discharge or improper disposal of materials.
3. Create public awareness campaign about plastic use and litter
Virginia Beach could develop educational materials focused on reducing the use of plastic and preventing it from becoming litter. Plastic is typically used once, whether it is plastic cutlery, water bottles, straws, or plastic bags, all of which often become litter. When people are more aware of the threat that plastic poses to human health and aquatic species, it becomes a personal choice to avoid using plastic or opt for reusable materials. The City could develop educational materials for schools, teachers, and businesses willing to participate, such as Whole Foods, Trader Joe’s, and other businesses that already promote reusable materials. Existing videos could be promoted on DPW’s website or students could be encouraged to develop plastic litter reduction videos such as this program for 8th grade students in Brooklyn: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4o5BDgEyzo
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4. Conduct a social media survey and campaign to identify primary polluters
Social media can be a powerful means of gathering information and influencing changes in behavior, particularly through peer pressure. Montgomery County, Maryland has worked with a social marketing consultant to craft a survey that has helped them identify the demographics of the main polluters in three target watersheds where they have high litter levels. They are now embarking on a social media campaign to attempt to change behaviors, and will follow-up with a post-campaign survey to determine if they could affect change. It is recommended that the City consider this type of strategy to identify and target primary polluters in areas where floatables are problematic.
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SECTION 4
Program Evaluation and Adjustments The City is required to determine and report on the effectiveness of its Floatables Reduction Program. Although the MS4 permit does not specifically state that monitoring must be performed, it is required to annually submit a list of sites surveyed for floatables, a summary of observations at each site, and a determination as to the effectiveness of the Floatables Reduction Program. The City is implementing a monitoring program starting in FY 2018 which will include floatables monitoring data analysis and reporting for the annual report. This section describes the Program evaluation process. A detailed description of monitoring program data collection procedures is provided in Appendix B.
4.1 Monitoring Program Effectiveness A Floatables Monitoring Program will be conducted by the City to collect data on floatables discharged by its MS4 and determine the effectiveness of its floatables reduction efforts. The Program objectives, an initial pilot study, and sampling frequency and locations are described in the following sections.
4.1.1 Floatables Monitoring Program Objectives The purpose of the City’s monitoring program is to make quantitative measurements of floatables observed on adjacent lands that were discharged from its MS4. The data gathering objectives of the Program are:
• Monitor floatables quarterly at five survey sites throughout the City’s watersheds on adjacent lands in the proximity of the City’s MS4 outfalls.
• Perform monitoring surveys consistently on specific lengths of the same adjacent lands by counting and categorizing the items observed on the adjacent lands.
• Compile and review data to determine the effectiveness of the Floatables Reduction Program.
4.1.2 Survey Locations The City’s MS4 permit does not specify the number of locations to be surveyed. The City will monitor floatables at five survey sites. The City conducted a site selection process that intially identified 25 potential monitoring locations throughout all areas of the City and these locations were evaluated by applying site selection critieria. The site selection criteria included requirements that the site be located on public property, be easily accessible and possess ample parking, and have proximity to at least one MS4 outfall. Sites were also scored based on desirable features such as diverse representation of City’s watersheds, proximity to the City’s high public use areas, proximity to problematic areas (illegal dumping), proximity to headwaters to minimize external factors, the size of the contributing drainage area, land use characteristics, population density, frequency of floatables observed, avoidance of interstate highways and military installations, safe site features, and the ability to designate a specific length of adjacent land to be monitored consistently. The evaluation process yielded a short list of ten locations that were investigated in the field and further evaluated per the site selection criteria.
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The five survey sites that were selected are as follows and shown in Figure 1:
1. Abingdon Village 2. Lake Edward 3. Princess Anne Plaza Townhomes/Lynnhaven Elementary School 4. Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art (East and West) 5. Glenwood Elementary School
Individual site survey maps are provided in Appendix B.
Consistent monitoring at the same locations will provide data for comparison from survey to survey. If no floatables are consistently observed at a survey site, the City will select a new survey site from one of the original 25 locations identified during the site selection process. Any changes to the survey site locations will be reported to DEQ annually with the justification for the change.
4.1.3 Survey Frequency and Procedures The City’s MS4 permit does not specify the frequency of surveys. The City intends to consistently conduct quarterly surveys at these sites for the remainder of the current MS4 permit period.
Initial surveys will be completed by contracted consultants. However, in the future the City may use volunteer groups to complete surveys. Volunteers may be organized by the City or their advocates and will be trained on the procedures for proper survey completion and quality control. The City will remove all floatables from the survey sites following each survey to provide a clean area for the next quarterly survey. If bulk trash pickup is required at a site, it will be coordinated with the DPW Operations Division. Detailed survey procedures are provided in Appendix B.
4.1.4 Pilot Monitoring Survey Before the initialization of quarterly monitoring at five sites, the City will perform a pilot monitoring survey at one site to test the monitoring procedures and, if necessary, adjust the procedures before implementing them at the remaining four monitoring sites.
4.2 Program Evaluation The analysis of this data will enable staff to characterize floatables discharged by its MS4 and provide information to the City to use for its Floatables Reduction Program.
4.2.1 Monitoring Report Retention and Storage Floatables monitoring data will be stored digitally in a centralized location by the City. A quarterly progress report will be drafted following each survey event. The information will be summarized for annual reports before September 30th of each year. The City will retain all data reports for a minimum of 5 years after the permit expiration date.
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Potential Floatables Monitoring Sites Virginia Beach Floatables Reduction Program Plan
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Figure 1
01 - Abingdon Village02 - Lake Edward03 - Princess Anne Plaza Towne Homes Lynnhaven Elementary School04 - Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art05 - Glenwood Elementary School
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4.2.2 Evaluating Program Effectiveness The effectiveness of the Program will be assessed by determining if trends in the monitoring data exist and indicate that there is a recognizable reduction in the amounts of floatables on adjacent land that can be attributable to the Floatables Reduction Program following its implementation. Normalizing the observations to counts of floatables items per 100 feet of shoreline, or similar, provides a method of comparing counts from one observation to the next and between locations. Categorizing the floatables also enables the City to analyze specific types, sizes, and possible sources of floatables that can then be used to align specific source controls at identified locations and sources. Delineating, characterizing, and quantifying the watersheds draining to the MS4 outfalls also provides an additional parameter to evaluate the counts and categories of floatables as they relate to existing and enhanced operational and infrastructure controls.
The City will review the compiled data to compare it from data collection event to data collection event and from survey site to survey site. The numbers and characteristics of floatables surveyed will be evaluated to determine if trends exist in the data that can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Floatables Reduction Program. The City will also analyze the data to determine if specific sources of floatables can be identified.
4.2.3 Annual Reporting Annual reporting is conducted by the City for each MS4 permit cycle (July 1 – June 30), as part of the City’s Annual MS4 report to DEQ. The City’s annual report will include the list of sites surveyed for floatables, a summary of observations at each site, and a determination of the Floatables Reduction Program effectiveness.
4.3 Process for Program Adjustments The City will use its quarterly reviews and annual reporting to determine if adjustments to its Floatables Reduction Program are necessary. The City will review trends in the data to determine if there are noticeable changes in the amounts and types of floatables discharges. The City will also review the data analyses to determine if they indicate that specific sources of floatables can be identified. It will further evaluate if targeted reduction strategies can feasibly be implemented to address problematic floatables discharges, if any exist. The City’s implementation strategies, described in Section 3, will be evaluated to determine if adjustments need to be made to the strategies. If so, adjustments will be made, which will be reported to DEQ in the next reporting cycle.
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SECTION 5
Implementation Schedule The following section describes the schedule for the City to implement the Floatables Reduction Program.
5.1 Monitoring Schedule The schedule for Program effectiveness monitoring is as follows:
• November to December 2017 – The City will perform a pilot monitoring survey at a single survey site to evaluate the initial effectiveness of the monitoring protocols and to make adjustments to procedures, as necessary before the first floatables survey in the first quarter of 2018.
• Winter, Spring, Summer and Fall – The City will perform quarterly floatables surveys followed by completion of quarterly monitoring reports 1 month after completion of the surveys.
5.2 Annual Evaluation and Reporting Schedule Annual evaluations and reporting on the Floatables Reduction Program will be conducted to document each MS4 permit year cycle (July 1 to June 30), as part of the City’s Annual MS4 report to DEQ. The annual reporting will include the following:
• Annually – Submit a list of sites surveyed for floatables, a summary of observations at each site, and a determination as to the effectiveness of the Floatables Reduction Program.
• Permit Years Two and Three – For permit years two and three, reports will include monitoring protocols for the Floatables Monitoring Program and data collected using these protocols.
• Permit Years Four and Five – For permit years four and five, reports will include comparisons to previous years monitoring efforts and results. The year five report will also include an overall summary of the Floatables Monitoring Program and recommendations for adjustments to the Program, as necessary.
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SECTION 6
References City of Virginia Beach. 2017. City Code & Development Ordinances. Retrieved from https://www.vbgov.com/government/departments/planning/codesOrd. Last accessed August 7, 2017.
City of Virginia Beach. 2017. Volunteer Opportunities. Retrieved from https://www.vbgov.com/government/departments/public-works/pw-waste-management/Pages/other-vbccc-work.aspx. Last accessed August 7, 2017.
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ). 2016. Final 2014 305(b)/303(d) Water Quality Assessment Integrated Report. Retrieved from http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Programs/Water/WaterQualityInformationTMDLs/WaterQualityAssessments/2014305(b)303(d)IntegratedReport.aspx. Last accessed August 7, 2017.
Appendix A Case Studies
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APPENDIX A
Case Studies Fairfax County, Virginia Fairfax County’s renewed 2015 Virginia Stormwater Management Program Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) Permit includes the following provisions:
• Monitoring shall be conducted at five monitoring sites located at MS4 outfalls and/or streams receiving discharges from the MS4.
• Monitoring shall be conducted once per quarter after program implementation.
• Monitoring program shall include the count of floatables visually observed and length or area of sites assessed.
The County has contracted the monitoring program to a division of their Waste Management Program: The Clean Fairfax Counsel. Clean Fairfax conducts quarterly monitoring of the five selected sites and has assisted in developing and performing public outreach as it pertains to the Floatables Reduction Program.
Fairfax County Site Selection and Priority Determination The County chose to select their monitoring sites based on four primary factors:
• The first requirement was that floatable monitoring activities should occur within those areas that are regulated under the county’s MS4 permit.
• The second requirement was the categorization of MS4 contributing drainage area based on land use. The following land uses were represented by the sites selected: high-density residential, medium-density residential, low-density residential, institutional, and commercial.
• The third requirement was identification of stream segments based on the County’s hydrography layer.
• The fourth requirement was selection of a site within a maintenance and repair easement.
Fairfax County Field Protocol for Floatables Monitoring Fairfax’s program plan outlines four major field protocols for floatables monitoring, summarized as follows:
1. Health and Safety – The program outlines general requirements to ensure the health and safety of field personnel.
2. Sampling Methods – Staff mark off 100 linear feet of the stream, place flags at the stream midpoint, and mark off the full bank width. Staff photograph the markings for future reference. Survey team members use the MS4 floatables monitoring data sheets to tally and summarize counts of trash.
3. Sampling Frequency – The County’s permit specifies sampling must take place four times per year at five sites.
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4. Rainfall Criteria: Sampling shall not take place if it has rained 0.2 inches or more in the 48 hours preceding the sampling event. This criterion is intended to ensure staff safety and minimize the possibility of turbid conditions that could interfere with the survey team member’s ability to complete a thorough investigation.
Additional information on the program can be found in Fairfax County Department of Public Works and Environmental Services’ 2017 Standard Operating Procedures for the MS4 Floatables Monitoring Program.
Future Strategies for Floatables Reduction The County plans to create informative signage for convenience stores within the County. The County has identified convenience stores as a major contributor to floatable trash in their waterways and plans to aim for targeted outreach at these businesses.
Arlington County, Virginia The permittee shall continue to conduct surveys of floatables. The intent of the surveys is to document the effectiveness of the litter control programs for the MS4 and may be accomplished through a volunteer program. Surveys shall be performed in accordance with the following procedures:
• Arlington County has a work agreement with Arlingtonians for a Clean Environment (ACE), who administer the required Floatables Monitoring Program at three locations along Four Mile Run as part of ACE’s year-round stream cleanup programs. The three locations include two sites in lower Four Mile Run at Shirlington Park and at Barcroft Park and one in middle Four Mile Run near Columbia Pike. All sites are at least 100 feet in length and are sampled during litter pickup. ACE staff visually count all floatable material (excluding natural vegetation), trash, and refuse (for example, plastic trash bags, bottles, car batteries, and shopping carts) located in the sampling site, visible on the channel bottom, along banks (up to high water mark), or suspended in vegetation located in the sample site. The sampling sites must be at least 100 feet in length, and sampled during or before any litter pickup.
• The permittee shall maintain the following records and include a summary of results and trends in each annual report: location of the sample site, total site “counts”, and months since the last trash and floatables pick-up from the sampled section.
• In the future, Arlington County must provide a detailed analysis with the MS4 permit reapplication to identify any long-term trends identified during the current permit cycle including any significant differences found between BMP treatments.
• The long-term trends will be analyzed by tabulating the number of trash pieces by category in a 100-foot section of stream annually and over the permit period. Categories will include cigarette butts, metal cans, glass bottle, plastic bags, plastic containers, plastic pieces, Styrofoam containers, Styrofoam pieces, cloth or clothing, tires, balls, plastic straps, wrappers, and others.
• In their 2016 Annual Report, Arlington County reported on collecting over 2,400 pieces of floatable trash. The predominant types of floatables captured at both location during the screenings were: plastic bags, pieces of plastic, plastic food wrappers, cigarette ends,
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packaging materials, and organic material. A detailed analysis of the floatables monitoring data will be provided in their 2018 Annual Report.
City of Hampton, Virginia The City of Hampton has developed a plan to address floatables and includes the following tasks:
• Perform a limited floatables assessment at specific sites identified by the Program Coordinator.
• Assess the composition and relative quantity of floatables captured during the floatables assessment period utilizing the International Coastal Clean Up Ocean Trash Data Form.
• Establish, assess, and adaptively manage the Floatables Control Plan based upon findings of the limited floatables assessment which may include an evaluation of water shed management alternatives (for example, litter control, street sweeping, and stormwater Best Management Practices [BMPs]).
• Augment the City’s current MS4 program consisting of street sweeping, catch basin cleaning, repair and/or retrofit.
• Compile demographic and land use data to be used in determining target outreach strategies.
• Develop a public outreach program to implement watershed management alternatives in the affected areas to address direct deposition (illegal dumping) and street litter.
• Continue to implement End-of-pipe Controls: Events such as International Coastal Cleanup, Regional Cleanup, Hampton’s CLEAN THE BAY DAY, and BMP Cleanups by volunteer kayakers/canoeists.
The purpose of the limited floatables assessment will be to obtain floatables characterization data for the City’s long-term floatables abatement program. Types, composition, and potential origins were recorded for each of the sites selected by the Program Coordinator based on a prioritized outfall screening. To capture floatables, the City will develop a schedule for volunteer networks to assess and remove certain floatables at each of the specified locations biannually, downstream, beginning in November 2016. Two sites were selected for initial assessments.
The City will use the Ocean Conservancy’s Volunteer Ocean Trash Data Form to collect data on debris collected during the outfall screening events (available for download from the internet at http://www.oceanconservancy.org/our-work/international-coastal-cleanup/data-form.pdf ). Initially, results will be reported in tabular format, which may be adjusted as the study progresses to more accurately assess the debris found in the Hampton area.
A trend analysis will be conducted on the collected materials to determine the effectiveness of the Program based on debris observed and/or collected over time.
A geospatial analysis will be conducted to determine if certain property uses (for example, convenience stores, pharmacies, gasoline stations, and grocery stores) may be identified as primary sources of any given category of floatable material collected.
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The Public Education and Outreach component is focused on street litter prevention to reduce floatables generation through behavioral control. A brochure was developed to provide information to the public on the Floatables Reduction Program.
Source controls currently used as part of the City’s MS4 are catch basin and ditch maintenance, street sweeping, and use of BMPs (that is, Flo-Gard inserts) at some facilities. Depending on program trends, additional measures may be implemented. In conjunction with the City’s existing MS4 program controls, the City may choose to implement enhanced catch basin controls to help reduce the entry of floatables and sediment into the MS4. A comprehensive floatables control technology evaluation may be undertaken along with development of a preliminary basis of design.
Appendix B Monitoring Program
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APPENDIX B
Monitoring Program Data Gathering Objectives The purpose of the City’s monitoring program is to make quantitative measurements of floatables observed on adjacent lands that would be discharged by its storm drain system regulated by its Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit. The data gathering objectives of the Program are the following:
• Monitor floatables on adjacent lands quarterly at five locations throughout the City’s watersheds in the proximity of the City’s MS4 stormwater outfalls.
• Perform surveys consistently on specific lengths of the same adjacent lands.
• Count and categorize the items observed on the adjacent lands.
Monitoring Site Health and Safety Considerations City staff, outside contractors, or volunteers may be used to measure and characterize floatables on adjacent lands and a safe working environment at each monitoring location is necessary to minimize the risk of injury. Therefore, the monitoring locations were selected with consideration of health and safety for participants.
Public access to adjacent lands with safe and ample parking must be located within walking distance of the adjacent lands to be surveyed. Survey sites, parking and access should not be located close to Virginia Department of Transportation roadways, such as Interstates 264 and 64, and military installations.
Paths and adjacent lands must be easily accessible and safe to walk on. Steep, unstable, and rocky slopes are to be avoided to eliminate slips, trips, and falls. Adjacent lands that typically experience wash-ups of hazardous debris should be avoided. Adjacent lands should have a clear view in all directions. Remote locations out of cellular signal range should be avoided in case incidents or injuries need to be reported or assistance is required.
Monitoring Locations Floatables monitoring will be performed at the following five survey sites:
• Abingdon Village • Lake Edward • Princess Anne Plaza Townhomes/Lynnhaven Elementary School • Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art (East and West) • Glenwood Elementary School.
Maps for each survey site are provided as figures at the end of this appendix.
Survey Methods The following section describes the methods to be used during floatables monitoring surveys. A pilot study at a single survey site will be performed in the last quarter of 2017 to review and adjust the survey procedures, if needed.
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Survey Planning and Cleanup Coordination Floatables monitoring locations will be surveyed quarterly. Site surveys will be conducted in winter, spring, summer and fall.
The City will coordinate cleanup events at each floatables monitoring location following site surveys to remove recorded trash before the next site survey. These events will be completed by contracted consultants. In the future, the cleanup events may be performed by volunteers to help engage local communities and provide education and outreach to target audiences. The City will coordinate the cleanups and site surveys such that the survey is conducted concurrent with the cleanup effort. If large debris needs to be removed, the debris removal will be coordinated with the Department of Public Works Operations Division.
Health and Safety Health and safety considerations will be made for scheduling and conducting surveys. Weather conditions and forecasts will be monitored in the week before surveys to ensure that hazardous weather conditions will not occur during the surveys. Rain forecasts will be tracked to determine if rainfall may cause high-flow conditions in waterways that will make surveys unsafe. Surveys will be postponed if unsafe conditions are anticipated.
Upon arrival at the survey site, survey team members will determine if the survey can be performed safely. The health and safety conditions will be evaluated before any activities. High-stream flows, slippery conditions, or other safety considerations will be evalauted and if deemed unsafe, the survey will be postponed.
Survey Site Establishment The survey team will measure and mark off 100 linear feet of the waterway receiving discharge from the MS4 consistent with the previous survey event at that location. Additional flags will be placed at the midpoint (50 feet) of the monitoring area. The stream bank full width will be determined and marked off. The survey team will photograph prominent land marks and the flagged markings. These photographs will be included in program documentation to ensure consistency of the monitored area at each site.
Data Collection The survey team will use MS4 floatables survey data sheets to tally and summarize counts of trash within the sampling area marked at each site (see attached). Water-resistant ink pens will be used. The datasheets consist of:
1. Cover sheet with detailed site identification and a floatable count summary of individual tally sheets on the reverse side.
2. Tally sheet(s) with floatable subcategory type definitions on the reverse side. The tally sheet is organized by five major categories:
a. Food and beverage b. Household items c. Recreation equipment and advertising d. Hazardous materials e. Other Trash materials
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For each survey, the procedure will be as follows:
1. The designated survey leader fills out the cover sheet for the survey.
2. The survey leader determines the number of survey team members needed to record floatables and distributes data sheets to the survey team members.
3. Survey team members fill out each item in the header section of the datasheet; no items are to be left blank. Slashes, zeros or "N/A" (not applicable) should be used for any item as needed, to confirm that there has not been an omission.
4. Survey team members tally the types (subcategories) of floatables observed in the bank-full accessible width along the 100-foot stream segment on the datasheet.
5. Survey team members review the subcategory definitions on the reverse side of the form if there are any questions about the appropriate category for an item.
6. After counting all of the floatables in the monitoring area, survey team members reconvene and identify the total number of data sheets that have been used. Each sheet is then numbered individually, starting with the cover sheet, and including the total number of sheets that have been used.
7. On the tally sheet(s), survey team members count all tally marks and summarize the total numbers for each detailed subcategory of trash in the total column.
8. Survey team members will exchange tally sheets and perform independent reviews of each other's datasheet(s) for completeness, and to check the calculation of totals by subcategory and category. The reviewer initials the "Reviewed by" section to document that the review is complete.
9. On the 'Floatable Count Summary' (rear of the cover sheet), the survey leader will summarize the totals for each subcategory of trash from each datasheet to determine the overall total. This summary includes the subcategories which determine overall totals.
10. The following digital photographs will be taken on each monitoring event and numbered on the cover sheet.
a. Photo of cover sheet to identify site and subsequent photos b. Photo of the MS4 outfall c. Photo of the survey area from the downstream end facing upstream. d. Photo of the survey area from the outfall looking downstream. e. Additional photos of any notable observations
11. The file names of the digital photos are recorded on the cover sheet in the photo documentation section.
12. The survey leader confirms that tally sheets have been reviewed, and reviews the floatable count summary and cover sheets for completeness and accurate calculations.
Quality Assurance and Quality Control Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) is implemented to ensure a consistent high level of quality data collected. The following elements of the floatables monitoring protocol are implemented in order to ensure data quality:
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Duplicate Surveys
In the event that volunteers are used in future efforts, duplicate surveys will be utilized to minimize discrepancies in the recorded data that may stem from individual variability of the field staff. Contracted survey team members will conduct a survey of a monitoring area without removing trash. The same day, volunteers will be used to count and remove trash. Staff will then compare results and discuss any differences in counts because of differences in the categorization of floatables or other ways that counts were recorded. Survey team members will review the subcategories of floatables (and their descriptions) and repeat these duplicate surveys until consistent results are achieved. Survey team members will clearly identify the datasheets from these exercises as QA/QC documentation and file them appropriately.
Survey Review
Peer reviews will be completed by contracted survey team members. The reviews are to be completed to minimize the potential for illegible writing, calculation errors, and other oversights.
Field Sheet Retention and Storage
A process of retaining digital information in a database on the City’s server will be developed by the City to provide for long-term storage of floatables monitoring information. The data storage process will describe how the original datasheets and photographs will be digitized and stored to maintain data integrity and to support the necessary permit reporting requirements.
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LEGEND Floatables Monitoring Site
#I Storm Outfall!. Storm Inlet
!!2 Storm Manhole Storm Main Ditch
Flow Direction
±
0 300 600150 Feet
Floatables Monitoring Site 05 Glenwood Elementary School
Upper North Landing River Watershed AS13Virginia Beach Floatables Reduction Program Plan
Attachment 1 Floatables Data Collection Sheets
Virginia Beach MS4 Floatables Monitoring Survey Cover Page
Other Trash Items
TOTAL:
Recreation Equipment and Advertising
Hazardous Materials
Total Number of Observed ItemsFood & Beverage
Household Items
Abingdon Village
Lake Edward
Princess Anne Plaza Towne Homes / Lynnhaven Elementary School
Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art (East)
Total # of Photos Taken (and
their digital IDs)
General Site Description
Glenwood Elementary School
Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art (West)
Monitoring Site Circle site being monitored
Start Time
End Time
Date
Fiscal Quarter
Date of Last Cleanup
Total Precipitation in last 48 hours (inches)
Crew/Group Conducting Survey
Reviewer Initials
MS4 Floatables Monitoring Program - Data Collection
Site: Date: Photos Taken (Y/N):
Field Staff: Reviewed by:
8
Tallied Total (#)
CATEGORY SUM TOTAL:
HOUSEHOLD ITEMS
CATEGORY SUM TOTAL:
Brands/Comments/Other:
Disposable Cups/Lids/Plates/Cutlery/Straws:
Metal Food Cans:
Other Beverage Bottles(PLASTIC):
Glass Beverage Bottles:
Beverage Cans:
Juice Boxes:
Beverage Boxes/6-Pack Rings:
Newspapers/Magazines:
Clothes Hangers:
Brands/Comments/Other:
Boxes/Cardboard:
Packing Materials:
Clothing/Fabric/Carpeting:
Containers (PLASTIC, METAL, GLASS):
Fast Food To-Go Containers/Bags:
FOOD AND BEVERAGE
Plastic Bags (SHOPPING):
Plastic Bags (GARBAGE):
Plastic Bags (OTHER):
Wrappers:
Water Bottles(PLASTIC):
Plastic Bags (SHOPPING):Example:
DIRECTIONS: ● Count floatable litter and place tally mark for each item found, add tally marks in tallied total box. ● Add all tallied total for each category and write category total count in box. ● Have another staff member check totals and sign at top
Tallied
MS4 Floatables Monitoring Program - Data Collection
RECREATION EQUIPMENT & ADVERTISING
CATEGORY SUM TOTAL:
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
CATEGORY SUM TOTAL:
OTHER TRASH ITEMS
CATEGORY SUM TOTAL:
Construction Debris:
Intact Bricks
Brands/Comments/Other:
Electronics/Appliances:
Tires:
Shopping Carts:
Bikes:
Furniture:
Auto Chemicals and Parts:
Bio-Waste:
Brands/Comments/Other:
Smoking Products:
Paint Cans:
Medical Waste:
Signs/Flyers/Brochures:
Brands/Comments/Other:
Balls/ Toys/ Balloons:
Fishing:
MS4 Floatables Monitoring Program - Data Collection Guidance
FOOD & BEVERAGE
Plastic Bags (SHOPPING,): grocery bags and department store bags; indicate brands belowPlastic Bags (GARBAGE): usually large black or clear bags
Plastic Bags (OTHER): newspaper bags, sandwich, quart and gallon size bags, dry cleaner bags, etc.Wrappers: chip bags, candy wrappers, labels from bottles, bits of foilWater Bottles(PLASTIC)Other Beverage Bottles(PLASTIC)Glass Bottles: count each collection of broken shards as one bottle; count partial bottle if mostly intactBeverage Cans: soda, beer, etc.
Disposable Cups/Lids/Plates/Cutlery/Straws: count straw separate from lid, lid separate from cupMetal Food Cans: soup, canned meats, etc.Fast Food To-Go Containers/Bags: note brand belowJuice BoxesBeverage Boxes/6-Pack Rings
Brands/Comments/Other: indicate locally traceable brands /Explain as needed/Add count of unlisted itemsHOUSEHOLD ITEMS Boxes/CardboardPacking Materials: count each large piece; Styrofoam; bubble wrap; and package bindingsClothing/Fabric/Carpeting: include shoes; count each large piece of fabric
Misc. (PLASTIC, METAL, GLASS): include toiletry and cleaning product containers; bins; cookware; lidsNewspapers/Magazines: note the publisherClothes Hangers
Brands/Comments/Other: indicate locally traceable brands /Explain as needed/Add count of unlisted itemsRECREATION EQUIPMENT & ADVERTISINGBalls/Toys/ Balloons: include bike parts and pieces of toysFishing Gear: hooks, fishing line, lures, etc.Signs/Flyers/Brochures: note origin below
Brands/Comments/Other: indicate locally traceable brands /Explain as needed/Add count of unlisted itemsHAZARDOUS MATERIALSSmoking Products: for large collections of cigarette butts, estimate numberPaint Cans: gallon pails, spray cans Medical Waste: rubber tubing, rubber gloves, syringes, etc.
Auto Chemicals and Parts: containers from automotive chemical products; smaller auto parts not tires
Bio-Waste: dirty diapers, sanitary napkins, tampons, dog waste; count plastic bags separately above
Brands/Comments/Other: indicate locally traceable brands /Explain as needed/Add count of unlisted itemsOTHER TRASH ITEMSTiresShopping CartsBikesFurnitureElectronics/AppliancesConstruction Debris: cinder blocks, large cement chunks, lumber etc.Intact Bricks: Count mostly intact bricks
Brands/Comments/Other: indicate locally traceable brands /Explain as needed/Add count of unlisted items
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017
B-1
Appendix B: Industrial and High Risk Facility
Inspection Procedures and Form
Public Works Engineering – Surface Water Regulatory Compliance Division
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures June 20, 2017 Prepared By: 4500 Main Street Suite 500 Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Page 1
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
I. Introduction
Section I.B.2.g of the City of Virginia Beach (the City) municipal separate storm
sewer system (MS4) permit (VA0088676) requires the City to "implement a
program to identify and control pollutants in stormwater discharges to the MS4
from industrial and high risk runoff facilities and any other industrial or
commercial discharges the permittee determines are contributing a significant
pollutant loading to the MS4.”
This document establishes the procedures used by the City of Virginia Beach
for conducting inspections of points of connection to the Virginia Beach MS4
from industrial and high risk runoff (IHRR) facilities located within the City’s MS4
service area to satisfy these requirements.
The inspection program described in this document details inspections at
facilities identified by the City as IHRR facilities, meaning point-of connection
inspections required under Section I.B.2.g of the City's MS4 permit to include:
(1) outfalls of facilities with Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (VPDES) industrial stormwater permits at the point of connection
to the City MS4 (I.B.2.g.2),
(2) any non-VPDES permitted industrial facility from which the City has
evidence that a significant pollutant load is entering the MS4 system
(l.B.2.g.4), and;
(3) any industrial and/or commercial stormwater dischargers not
regulated under the Virginia State Water Control Law that the City
determines may be contributing a significant pollutant loading to the City
MS4 (I.B.2.g.6).
The Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE) Field Guide: Hampton
Roads Planning District Commission MS4 Communities, April 2017 (IDDE Field
Page 2
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
Guide), provides detailed guidance on identifying evidence of significant pollutant
loads and should be referred to for a complete summary on the procedure of
identifying evidence of stormwater pollution.
For the purposes of this document, assessing the following parameters in water
flow may provide evidence of stormwater pollution: clarity, color, odor; the
presence or absence of floating solids, settled solids, suspended solids, foam, oil
sheen, grease; and deposits and stains, abnormal vegetative growth, or outfall
damage such as cracking or corrosion in the immediate vicinity. If observed,
these qualitative parameters are generally sufficient evidence for an inspector to
request a discharge be stopped and to perform source tracing without collecting
samples from the flow.
Generally, if there are physical indicators evident of a potential non-stormwater
discharge entering the MS4 system at the point of connection, inspectors will
make an effort to trace non-stormwater discharges to their source while on site.
The inspector must obtain permission from the property owner or on-site
personnel prior to entering the site to try and initiating source tracing. If the
owner or their representative does not give the inspector permission to enter
the site to perform source tracing, the inspector shall note it on the inspection
form and immediately upon leaving the site contact Public Works Engineering
Surface Water Regulatory Compliance Division (SWRCD). SWRCD will
coordinate with the Virginia Beach Fire Marshal’s office to gain entry to the
property for source tracing. Source training will be conducted in accordance
with IDDE procedures.
II. Inspection Procedures
A. Pre-Inspection
1. Begin by selecting a facility from the IHRR list in accordance with the
prioritized IHRR inspection schedule.
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Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
2. Send the Stormwater Inspection Notification Letter (attached) to the facility
owner or their documented representative listed in the database two weeks
prior to the date of the inspection.
3. Check the geographic information system (GIS) mapping to verify if facility
stormwater infrastructure and point of connection with the MS4 have been
mapped. Print the map if available, document its absence if unavailable.
i. If mapping of stormwater infrastructure is unavailable, print an aerial
map of the facility to mark up in the field.
4. Take note of the type of facility that is to be inspected, including the type of
operations documented to take place there. Note whether the facility is
VPDES-permitted or listed as a High Risk Facility. Note whether the facility is
City-owned or privately owned.
5. If the facility is VPDES permitted, check the SWRCD database for existing
Discharge Monitoring Reports (DMRs) that have been submitted by the
facility. Review the DMRs for information relevant to the inspection, e.g.
number of outfalls, previous benchmark exceedances. If no DMRs are
found in the database for a permitted facility, request DMRs during the site
visit.
6. Two days prior to the inspection, call the facility and advise them of the
general time you will be visiting the site.
7. Ensure necessary inspection equipment is assembled, in working order, and
placed in the vehicle, including:
i. Personal protective equipment (hardhat, safety vest, steel-toe boots,
etc.)
ii. Camera with charged batteries
iii. Global positioning system (GPS) unit (Optional)
iv. Copies of Stormwater Inspection letters for facilities to be inspected
v. Manhole hook
B. Outfall Inspection
1. Notify the facility owner or representative when you arrive at the property
Page 4
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
and provide them with a copy of the Stormwater Inspection Notification
Letter. Explain that the purpose of the visit is to locate the points of
connection of their facility to the MS4. Ask if they have knowledge of the
locations of their points of connection. If they do, ask if they are willing to
point out the locations for the inspection. If the facility is permitted and no
DMRs have been received, request DMRs from the facility owner. Provide a
copy of the DMR Request Letter. If the facility owner or representative asks
you to leave at any time, document the request on the inspection form,
leave immediately, and notify SWRCD.
2. Document and photograph observable information about the use of the
facility and its potential to generate stormwater pollution in the comments
section of the inspection form:
Document the apparent use of the facility, and whether it matches
information in the database.
Document and photograph any outside storage of apparent
industrial or commercial supplies.
Document and photograph any evidence of outdoor activities with
the potential to generate stormwater pollution.
Document and photograph vehicle repair, fueling, loading or
unloading, or washing activities observed at the facility.
Document and photograph parking lots for evidence of excessive
staining or leaking fluids; condition of and covers on solid waste
receptacles (dumpsters and trash cans); presence of excessive
litter; and the presence of excessive sand, gravel, girt or dirt that
could enter the storm drain system.
It is important to document and photograph activities and/or conditions
that represent both good and problematic operational activities at the
facility.
3. Locate the facility’s point of connection with the MS4.
i. If the point of connection has been mapped:
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Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
Proceed to the mapped location and confirm that it is correct. Ask
the facility owner if they are aware of any additional points of
connection for the facility.
ii. If the point of connection has not been mapped or is found to have
been mapped incorrectly, it will be necessary to attempt to locate it in
the field. This may require assessing infrastructure on the property to
attempt to trace the path of flow to the point of connection.
Ask the facility owner if they are aware of the locations of
stormwater infrastructure on site, e.g. drains or pipes and their
direction of flow.
Use any information provided and conduct general surveillance of
the facility to locate the point of connection and record its location
for mapping.
Mark up the facility map with any new information on the
stormwater drainage system observed in the field. Note inlets and
manholes and outlet locations. A copy of the revised mapping
should be forwarded to the SWRCD GIS analyst for review and
inclusion in the City GIS.
iii. If the point of connection cannot be identified, document the attempt,
where the search was conducted, and any information provided by the
facility owner to be further investigated at a later time by Public Works.
4. Once the point of connection with the MS4 is located, check for evidence
of significant pollutant loading. The IDDE Field Guide provides detailed
guidance on identifying evidence of significant pollutant loads and should
be referred to for a complete summary on the procedure of identifying
evidence of stormwater pollution. Section 4 of the IDDE Field Guide
provides guidance on conduction visual assessment of odor, color,
turbidity, and floatables to indicate if pollutants may be present in the
discharge.
i. If flow is observed during dry weather conditions, conduct a visual
Page 6
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
inspection of the discharge.
ii. Try and determine the source of the discharge (ask facility personnel,
start tracing on-site)
iii. If no evidence of significant pollutant loading is noted during the visual
inspection, document the findings and end the inspection.
iv. If evidence of significant pollutant loading is noted during the visual
inspection, contact the owner of the facility or the representative of the
owner and ask permission to initiate source tracing of the discharge
via the following steps.
If the pollutant is suspected to be hazardous, immediately contact
your supervisor to coordinate with the Fire Marshal to coordinate
any further action. Alert the facility owner and request that the
discharge be stopped immediately.
If the pollutant is not suspected to be hazardous, the discharge
should be traced with owner’s approval. If the owner does not
approve the source tracing, then SWRCD should be contacted
immediately after leaving the facility and IDDE Manual procedures
shall be followed.
5. Take photographs throughout the point of connection inspection.
Document on the facility mapping the location and orientation of each
photograph taken. Try and take photos that provide perspective not only
of what the subject of the photograph is but where the item is relative to
other recognizable site features. Stormwater infrastructure, the point of
connection itself, any evidence of the potential sources of significant
pollutant loading, observed good housekeeping practices, and structural
landmarks to help locate features in the future should all be
photographed and documented.
C. Post-Inspection
1. Scan copies of forms, annotated mapping, and field notes. Upload any
photos taken and ensure file names are relevant to how they are
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Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
referenced in the comments section and on annotated maps.
2. Note the inspection date in the IHRR inspection schedule.
3. Contact the SWRCD if the inspector answers “Yes” to the question on the
Inspection Form as to whether IDDE program follow up is warranted.
Page 8
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
ATTACHEMNTS
1. Property Owner Contact Letter
2. DMR Request Memorandum
3. Industrial Facility Inspection Form
Page 9
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
PROPERTY OWNER CONTACT LETTER
Page 10
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
DMR REQUEST MEMORANDUM
Page 11
Industrial Stormwater Discharge Inspection Procedures
INDUSTRIAL FACILITY INSPECTION FORM
1City of Virginia Beach — IHRR Inspection for Facilities in MS4
IHRR Inspection for Facilities in MS4
Inspector Date Time
Site ID Initial Inspection Follow-up Inspection
Facility Name Address
Facility Closed
HUC (VAHU6) Suite City
Building Location Description:
Year Facility Constructed
Is the Facility VPDES Permitted? Yes No
VPDES Permit#
Facility Activity
Business Classification
Facility Representative
Name
Phone
Owner
Name
Phone
2City of Virginia Beach — IHRR Inspection for Facilities in MS4
Outfall Inspection
Outfall Number
MS4 Connection? Yes
No
Discharges to
River/Stream
Lake/Pond
Wetlands
Woods
Detention Basin
Ditch
Other
Flow Rate Light
Substantial
No Flow
Comments
Current Weather Conditions
Wet Dry (48 Hours no rain > 0.1 inch)
Amount of Rainfall in the Past 72 Hours
Source from nearest rain gauge: https://maps.waterdata.usgs.gov/mapper
3City of Virginia Beach — IHRR Inspection for Facilities in MS4
Outfall Inspection
Outfall Number
Physical Indicators
Odor (if present)
Sewage Rancid/Sour Petroleum Chemical Sulfide Other N/A
Intensity (1-3)*
Intensity (1-3)*
Intensity (1-3)*
Intensity (1-3)*
Color (flow present)
Clear
Brown
Gray
Yellow
Orange
Red
Green Other N/A
Turbidity (flow present)
Clear
Slight Cloudiness
Cloudy
Opaque N/A
Floatables
Sewage Suds Petroleum Litter Other N/A
Deposits/ Stains
Oily Flow Line Paint Other
N/A
Abnormal Vegetation
Excessive Partially Inhibited Totally Inhibited
N/A
Pipe Algae Growth
Brown Orange Green Other
N/A
*Reference Section 4. Illicit Discharge Characteristics in the IDDE Field Guide: Hampton Roads Planning District Commission MS4 Communities published April 2017
4City of Virginia Beach — IHRR Inspection for Facilities in MS4
Additional Comments
IDDE Follow-up Required? Yes No
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017
C-1
Appendix C: Single Family Residential Stormwater
Management Facility Maintenance Strategy
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY MAINTENANCE STRATEGY
June 2017 For Single Family Residential Properties
Prepared by Public Works Engineering
Surface Water Regulatory Compliance Division
Stormwater Management Facility Maintenance Strategy
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... I
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1
STRATEGIES ................................................................................................. 1
Outreach for Residential Property Owners .......................................................... 1
SWMF Inspection and Maintenance Education Fact Sheets ......................................................... 2
Residential Property Owner Inspection and Maintenance Guide ............................................... 2
Inspection Form for Residential Property Owners .......................................................................... 2
Outreach for Contractors ........................................................................................ 3
IMPLEMENTATION ....................................................................................... 3 Development of Education Program ...................................................................... 3
Development of Training Outreach ....................................................................... 4
Planned Implementation Schedule ......................................................................... 4
Cover page photo credit, Falls Church VA
Stormwater Management Facility Maintenance Strategy
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Stormwater Management Facility Maintenance Strategy F O R S I N G L E FA M I LY R E S I D E N T I A L P R O P E R T I E S
INTRODUCTION The City of Virginia Beach has developed a maintenance strategy to promote the long-term maintenance of stormwater management facilities (SWMF) on single family residential properties. Single family residential property SWMFs treat only the stormwater from the individual residential lot and do not include treatment for subdivisions or multifamily properties. The requirements of the City’s Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit (Permit No. VA0088676) related to SFR SWMFs are documented in section Part I.B.2.h)2)(a)(1).
The City must implement a program to ensure proper maintenance of each privately owned SWMF that discharges into the MS4.
For stormwater control measures designed to treat stormwater runoff solely from individual residential lots, the City has the option of either requiring maintenance agreements or developing a written strategy.
The strategy will be provided in the annual report, due October 1, 2017.
As a Virginia Stormwater Management Program (VSMP) authority, the City has elected not to require residential property owners to enter into SWMF maintenance agreements. This document only addresses SWMFs constructed to comply with VSMP requirements and that manage runoff only from the single family residential lot where the SWMF is physically located.
The City’s goals are to implement a strategy that will promote the long term maintenance of these facilities through education and training. The focus of the education and training is to provide awareness of the function of these facilities, proper inspection techniques, maintenance needs and frequency, and proper maintenance techniques.
STRATEGIES
Outreach for Residential Proper ty Owners The City’s strategy is comprised of education and training with two primary target audiences. The first audience is the residential property owner. The City will develop and provide various fact sheets and guides to single family residential property owners to facilitate SWMF maintenance. Additionally, the City will develop SWMF inspection forms to be submitted annually by each applicable SFR SWMF property owner. The City’s webpage will present information about inspection and maintenance of residential SWMFs in simple and clear language with links to
Stormwater Management Facility Maintenance Strategy
2 | P a g e
relevant documents such as the informational handouts and fact sheet summaries. These summaries will also include visuals and step-by-step procedures for residential property owners to utilize.
SWMF Inspection and Maintenance Education Fact Sheets Fact sheets will be developed for all common types of SWMFs that may be located on a single family residential property including but not limited to, bioretention, grass swales and rooftop disconnect. The fact sheets will provide an overview of the type of facility, routine and non-routine maintenance needs, recommended inspection and maintenance schedules, and resource information.
Residential Property Owner Inspection and Maintenance Guide The focus of this informational guide is to explain the importance of inspection and maintenance of SWMFs. This guide will include additional detailed information on annual inspections, provide simple descriptions of maintenance of SWMFs, and provide a maintenance checklist that may be used by the property owner. The guide will include and expand on the information presented in the fact sheets. Select guides will be developed for SWMFs based upon common and applicable practices within the City.
Some of the items considered for inclusion in the guide are:
Definition and types of SWMFs. Importance of stormwater management and why SWMF maintenance is necessary.
Discussion of underground utility hazards and the tools that will be needed for the upkeep of their SWMF
Inspection and maintenance information
Step-by-step procedures on how to inspect their SWMF, routine and non-routine maintenance and seasonal care guidance of different types of SWMFs, and general needs for upkeep of SWMFs
Resource information
Inspection Form for Residential Property Owners One goal of this strategy is to simplify the process for single family residential property owners to submit annual inspections to the City. A simple inspection form will be developed and provided to single family residential property owners.
Features to be incorporated into the strategy include:
Design the form to be easy to complete
Include checkboxes where possible
Develop an electronic fillable form that property owners may email or print and mail
Include photo documentation
Include clear instructions
Stormwater Management Facility Maintenance Strategy
3 | P a g e
Outreach for Contractors The City will develop a training strategy geared towards contractors who perform SWMF construction and maintenance. A future goal is to develop a publicly available list of maintenance contractors who have attended training on proper maintenance of SWMFs for single family residential lots. The City will promote trainings provided by others as primary method for contractor outreach.
The planned target audience to attend trainings provided by others includes both lawn and landscaping companies and home builders and contractors. The City may pursue the development of a training program in the future as demand for these services increases locally.
IMPLEMENTATION
Development of Education Program The City’s goal is to implement a strategy that will promote the long term maintenance of stormwater management facilities through education and training. The first phase of the implementation will be to develop and provide the educational materials for use in the program.
The City will review the existing types of SWMFs located on single family residential lots to determine the most common types for inclusion in the educational materials. The fact sheets and inspection and maintenance guides will be made available through printed distribution at City Offices and through the mail, and electronic versions will be distributed via email. In addition, the fact sheets and inspection and maintenance guides will be posted on the City website along with references to other websites for additional resources.
A procedure will be developed for the implementation of the inspection form, which would be used by the residential property owner. This procedure will address the methods for residents to submit the inspection forms, guidance for tracking of the inspections and SWMFs, and evaluation of the inspection submittals for implementation of improvements to the long-term maintenance strategy.
The following resources will be used in the development of the fact sheets, inspection and maintenance guides, and inspection forms.
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) 2013 BMP Standards & Specifications (DRAFT), http://www.deq.virginia.gov/fileshare/wps/2013_DRAFT_BMP_Specs/
Chesapeake Stormwater Network BMP Inspection & Maintenance Guidance, http://chesapeakestormwater.net/bay-stormwater/urban-bmp-verification/
City of Virginia Beach, Public Works Engineering, Stormwater Management Facility Inspection and Maintenance Manual, June 2017
Fairfax County (Virginia) Stormwater Facility Fact Sheets, http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/stormwater/factsheets.htm
Stormwater Management Facility Maintenance Strategy
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Arlington County (Virginia) Stormwater Management Facility Inspections, https://environment.arlingtonva.us/stormwater-watersheds/stormwater-at-home/stormwater-management-facility-inspections/
Department of Environmental Protection – Montgomery County (Maryland), Types of Stormwater Management Facilities, https://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/water/stormwater/practices.html
Development of Training Outreach The next phase in the implementation will be to develop the methods to promote training in stormwater facility maintenance. The outreach will be geared towards contractors who perform SWMF construction and maintenance for common types of single family residential SWMF.
The training courses available to contractors will be identified and promoted through the following methods.
Conducting research to determine licensed contractors in the City of Virginia Beach.
Coordinating with local businesses and local non-governmental organizations to focus contractor outreach efforts
Posting information on the City’s website.
The list of advertising strategies is preliminary and may be revised or changed during development of the program.
Planned Implementation Schedule The strategies will be implemented during the course of the current five-year permit. The planned implementation timeline is presented in table below.
Implementation Schedule
Timeline Strategy
FY 2017 Develop the strategy for inspection and maintenance.
FY 2018 Develop inspection and maintenance education fact sheets for common types of SWMFs.
FY 2019 Provide educational fact sheets on the website and set up a process for requesting inspections.
FY 2020 Develop and provide inspection and maintenance guide and inspection form on website, printed distribution at City Offices and through the mail, and electronic distribution via email.
FY 2021 Identify and promote maintenance training and track inspection records.
MS4 Permit Annual Report (Permit No. VA0088676) – FY2017
D-1
Appendix D: HRPDC In System/Wet Weather
Monitoring Summary
August 2017
Annual Report: In-system Wet Weather Stormwater Monitoring Program
Introduction
In order to characterize nutrient and sediment concentrations related to urban stormwater,
the six Phase I MS4 localities within Hampton Roads, in partnership with the U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) and the Hampton Roads Sanitation District (HRSD), created a regional
stormwater monitoring network. This network is dual-purposed, simultaneously addressing local
water quality issues and fulfilling MS4 permit requirements, while providing useful data to
support Chesapeake Bay Program modeling efforts. The Chesapeake Bay Program’s watershed
model is responsible for estimating loads of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total
suspended solids (TSS) throughout the Bay watershed. However, there are no calibration stations
within the Coastal Plain, and therefore no verifiable loading rates of these compounds. By
providing high frequency and high quality data through the USGS quality control and quality
assurance framework, the Hampton Roads region will be well-represented with accurate
estimates of loading rates for future phases of the model. This report was developed to fulfill the
requirements stated in the Phase I localities’ MS4 permits.
Monitoring Network
The six Phase I MS4 localities
(Chesapeake, Hampton, Newport News,
Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Virginia Beach)
participate in the Hampton Roads Regional
Water Quality Monitoring Program
(RWQMP). Each locality has two monitoring
sites, draining land between 3 and 30 acres
with no tidal water influence, that represent a
range of urban land uses including high-
density residential, single-family residential,
and commercial/industrial (Fig. 1; Table 1).
Site selection was also based on the goal of
having very few, if any, best management
practices (BMPs) upstream of the sampling
Figure 1. Locations of the 12 water quality monitoring stations, overlaid on land cover, in Hampton Roads, VA.
Hampton Roads Planning District Commission
August 2017
2
area. By characterizing the range in loadings that are typical of a given land-use type that do not
yet have BMPs implemented, variability can be assessed within land use types, and meaningful
comparisons can be developed between the three dominant land use types in the region. This
should significantly enhance the understanding of how management activities can be directed
efficiently.
Table 1. Locality names, station names, and land use types for all localities participating in the monitoring program.
Locality Station Name Land Use Type
Chesapeake Professional Place Commercial
Chesapeake Ramsgate Lane Single-family Residential
Hampton Coliseum Drive Commercial
Hampton Garrett Drive Single-family Residential
Newport News Lakewood Park Drive Single-family Residential
Newport News Rivers Ridge Circle High Density Residential
Norfolk Sheppard Avenue Single-family Residential
Norfolk USAA Drive Commercial
Portsmouth Craneybrook Lane High Density Residential
Portsmouth Daisy Drive Single-family Residential
Virginia Beach Lindsley Drive High Density Residential
Virginia Beach Ludlow Drive Single-family Residential
Operation of the monitoring network is the joint responsibility of USGS and HRSD. Data
collection is supervised by the USGS Virginia Water Science Center to ensure that data quality
meets the requirements established by USGS. Discrete sample collection and analysis plus
system maintenance are conducted by HRSD’s Central Environmental Laboratory (CEL) while
data analysis, interpretation, and reporting are conducted by USGS. All 12 stations collect real-
time, high frequency data including flow (stage, velocity, and discharge), turbidity, specific
conductance, and water temperature. Discrete samples for nutrients and sediments are taken
during storm events over a range of flows and for quarterly baseflow sampling. Nutrient
concentrations consist of measurements of TN, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), organic nitrogen,
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nitrate + nitrite, ammonia + ammonium, TP, and orthophosphate. Sediments are measured as
TSS.
Monitoring Protocols
Each station is equipped with a continuous
flow meter, a water quality sonde for continuous
water quality monitoring, a refrigerated automated
sampler for the collection of stormwater water
quality samples, an internal data logger for
recording and storing all measured values, a
satellite telemetry unit to transmit data hourly, a
power system supporting all components (AC
power with battery backup), and a ruggedized
housing that protects all equipment (Fig. 2).
Continuous flow is measured at 5 minute intervals
and flow meters are connected to the data logger
and satellite telemetry system to provide data in
near real time. Instruments are operated in
accordance to manufacturer guidance, and USGS guidance (see
http://water.usgs.gov/osw/pubs.html). Continuous water quality monitors measure water
temperature, specific conductance, and turbidity and are operated in accordance to standard
protocol (Wagner et al. 2006).
Discrete sampling for nutrients and sediment are triggered by the datalogger when
stormflow conditions exist (as indicated by flow and water quality conditions). Samples are
retained in the refrigerated sampler (≤ 6°C) until retrieved by HRSD field staff. Samples are
retrieved within 24 hours of collection, transported in coolers (≤ 6°C), and delivered to the
laboratory for preservation and analysis. The analytes measured have defined laboratory methods
within 40 CFR Part 136 and TN is calculated as the sum of TKN and nitrate + nitrite. Detailed
standard operating procedures for nutrient and sediment analysis are maintained at HRSD’s CEL
and available upon request.
Figure 2. Ruggedized housing and components present at each stormwater monitoring station.
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All data collected for this monitoring program, including continuous time series data and
discrete sample data, is retained in the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) and
made publicly available online via NWISweb (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/HRStormwater).
Continuous data from the flow meter and water quality monitors are transmitted via GOES
satellite hourly and uploaded directly into NWIS via automated processes. These data are made
publicly available on NWISweb within minutes of the hourly transmission. Discrete sample data
is entered into the Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) at HRSD. These data
are electronically transferred monthly to USGS for entry into NWIS, at which time they are
publicly accessible via NWISweb.
Results
Monitoring station installation began
in April 2015 with all stations on-line and
collecting data by December 2016. Between
July 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017, a total of
547 discrete sampling events were logged,
inclusive of baseline and event-triggered
sampling and thousands of continuous
monitoring data points have been collected
and evaluated. In addition, meteorological
data was collected from the Norfolk
International Airport and from rain gauges
throughout the region. Annual precipitation in 2016 was greater than years previous (Fig. 3), thus
results interpreted from this snapshot in time will have higher than normal discharges and loads.
Figure 3. Total annual precipitation from Norfolk International Airport (NOAA) for water years 2008-2016 (blue bars) and the 10 year mean (red line).
42.8
55.3
64.7
47.9
39.1
48.652.8
46.5
67
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
An
nu
al
Pre
cip
ita
tio
n (
in.)
Water Year
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Total annual discharges were
highest at the commercial sites,
followed by high density residential,
and single family residential (Fig.
4). Commercial sites had the
greatest amount of impervious
surface compared to other land use
types which were comprised more
of turf grass and tree cover. Not
unexpectedly, seasonal temperature
variations were consistent between
sites (Fig. 5).
Figure 4. Total annual discharge at each site, grouped by land use.
Single-Family Res. High Density Res.
Commercial
Figure 5. Daily temperature (°C) at 5 minute intervals for each site between July 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017.
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TN concentrations were significantly different between land use types on average, and
were greatest for single family residential land use (Fig. 6A). Nitrate + nitrite concentrations
were greatest in high density and single family residential land uses compared to commercial
(Fig. 6B). Organic nitrogen tracked with TN concentrations (Fig. 6C). There were no significant
differences between ammonia + ammonium concentrations and land use (Fig. 6D). The bulk of
the N pool was comprised of organic N (Fig. 7).
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.050.060.07
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.50.60.7
1
2
3
4
Commercial High Density ResidentialSingle Family
Land Use
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.040.05
0.07
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.40.5
0.7
1
2
3
45
7
10
20
Commercial High Density ResidentialSingle Family
Land Use
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.050.06
0.080.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.50.60.7
1
2
3
4
Commercial High Density ResidentialSingle Family
Land Use
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.50.60.7
1
2
3
4
567
10
20
Commercial High Density ResidentialSingle Family
Land Use
Figure 6. Box and whisker plots of concentrations (mg/L, log scale) of TN (A), nitrate + nitrite (B), organic N (C), and ammonia + ammonium (D) for the three land use types for July 1, 2016 – June 30, 2017. Outliers (black dots) denote concentrations outside error bars from higher discharge events. Median values are statistically different unless denoted with an asterisk (*).
A
* *
B
C D
Commercial High Density Single Family Residential Residential
Commercial High Density Single Family Residential Residential
Commercial High Density Single Family Residential Residential
Commercial High Density Single Family Residential Residential
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TP and orthophosphate concentrations were also significantly greater for single family
residential land uses compared to commercial and high density residential land uses (Fig. 8A &
8B). There was no significant difference in TSS concentrations among sites (Fig. 9). Outliers in
all plots, denoted by black dots, are a result of higher discharge events occurring outside of the
highest interquartile (> 75th percentile).
Ammonium + Ammonia Nitrate + Nitrate Organic N
Figure 7. Relative percent of nitrogen species to total N for all samples collected.
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.050.060.07
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.50.60.7
1
2
3
4
5
6
Commercial High Density ResidentialSingle Family
Land Use
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.0050.006
0.0080.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.050.06
0.080.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.50.6
1
Commercial High Density ResidentialSingle Family
Land Use
Figure 8. Box and whisker plots of concentrations (mg/L, log scale) of TP (A), and orthophosphate (B) for the three land use types for July 1, 2016 – June 30, 2017. Outliers (black dots) denote concentrations outside error bars from higher discharge events. Median values are statistically different.
B A
Commercial High Density Single Family Residential Residential
Commercial High Density Single Family Residential Residential
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Discussion
While long term trends and loading rates cannot be established at this time, nutrient
concentration variability among land use types is evident for this first year of data. Higher
concentrations of nutrients from single family and high density residential land uses compared to
commercial land uses suggests higher urban fertilizer usage per acre in those areas. However,
other nutrient sources must be considered, as a P ban has been enacted in VA for urban fertilizer,
and the bulk of TN in the samples was organic N. The presence of the high fraction of organic N
is likely due to low flushing in some areas, resulting in accumulation of organic material.
Conversely, TSS did not vary from site to site, and in a preliminary comparison to other
monitoring programs across the state conducted by the USGS, TSS concentrations were lower in
the Coastal Plain. It is important to note that there are a wide range of concentrations for all
constituents at all sites, related to the flashiness of these systems in response to storm events.
Additionally, higher concentrations at higher density land uses may not translate into similarly
high loads, because drainage acreage and the degree of imperviousness of the land dictate the
volume of water delivered to the stormwater system (Schueler, 1994, Schueler, 2009).
A variety of factors will impact the amount of nutrients or sediments in urban runoff,
including antecedent rain events, rain duration and total volumes, storm frequency, time of year,
and of course land use (Brezonik & Stadelmann, 2002; Sonzogni et al., 1980). Over this first
Figure 9. Box and whisker plots of TSS concentrations for the three land use types for July 1, 2016 – June 30, 2017. Outliers (black dots) denote concentrations outside error bars from higher discharge events. Median values are significantly different.
0.1
0.2
0.30.4
0.6
1
2
34
6
10
20
3040
60
100
200
300400
600
1000
2000
Commercial High Density Residential Single Family
Land Use Commercial High Density Single Family Residential Residential
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year, it was evident that several individual storms can account for a large amount of annual
discharge, which could translate to high loads in a short time frame. As an example at one site,
three storms accounted for nearly 50% of the total annual flow, translating to 65% of the annual
sediment load. In typical stream systems, and on average in this stormwater monitoring program,
90% of the time flow is equal to or less than 1 ft3/s. Flows greater than that only occur 10% of
the time and are mostly related to larger storm events. It is the goal of this monitoring program to
factor in storm variability, base flow, and land use type over an extended period of time to
establish demonstrable loading rates in the Coastal Plain. This will provide valuable data to a
future version of the Chesapeake Bay watershed model (Phase 7) and contribute to current
calibrations of the Phase 6 model. Over the course of the next few years, localities will continue
to collaborate with USGS and HRSD to collect data and evaluate loading rates over the long
term.
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References Brezonik, P.L. and T.H. Stadelmann, 2002. Analysis and predictive models of stormwater runoff
volumes, loads, and pollutant concentrations from watersheds in the Twin Cities metropolitan area, Minnesota, USA. Water Research. 36, 1743-1757.
Schueler, T. 1994. The importance of imperviousness. Watershed Protection Techniques. 1(3), 100-111.
Schueler, T. R., L. Fraley-McNeal, K. Cappiella, 2009. Is impervious cover still important? Review of recent research. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering. 14(4)309-315. Sonzogni, W.C., G. Chesters, D.R. Coote, D.N. Jeffs, J.C. Konrad, R.C. Ostry, J.B. Robinson,
1980. Pollution from land runoff. Environmental Science & Technology. 14(2), 148-153. Wagner, R.J., R.W. Boulger Jr., C.J. Oblinger, and B.A. Smith, 2006. Guidelines and standard
procedures for continuous water-quality monitors—Station operation, record computation, and data reporting: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 1–D3, 51 p. + 8 attachments; accessed May 20, 2015, at http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/tm1d3
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