mikro i makro kosmos - od kvarka do kvazara i nazad

Mikro i makro kosmos- od kvarka do kvazara i nazad -

Milan MiloševićDepartman za fiziku, Prirodno-matematički fakultet

www.svetnauke.org

Festival “Nauk nije bauke 5”, Niš, 29. mart 2013

Zašto deset (10)?0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Kompjuteri: 20, 210, 220, 230, 240,... (kilo-, mega, giga-, tera-)

10100 0 = 1 m= 1 m

10101 1 = 10 m= 10 m

10101 1 = 10 m= 10 m

http://www.mmilan.com/Plavi kit, najveća životinja, 30 m

10102 2 = 100 m= 100 m

10102 2 = 100 m= 100 m

300.65 m

Most Akashi-Kaikyo3991 m

8848 m

10103 3 = 1000 m = 1 km= 1000 m = 1 km

10104 4 = 10 km= 10 km

Gibraltar, 14,3 km

Najviša planinaOlympus Mons, 25 km

10105 5 = 100 km= 100 km

•Ceres, 975 km•Patuljasta planeta•Otkriven 1. 1. 1801. godine•Srednje rastojanje 2,7 a.j

10106 6 = 1000 km= 1000 km

•Pluton, 1161 km•Patuljasta planeta, 2. po veličini•18. februar 1930•39,3 a.j.

Mesec, 1700 km

10106 6 = 1000 km= 1000 km6,400 km

9,288 km

10107 7 = 10000 km= 10000 km

Reflections on a Mote of Dust Carl Sagan (1934-1996)

We succeeded in taking that picture [from deep space], and, if you look at it, you see a dot. That’s here. That’s home. That’s us. On it, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever lived, lived out their lives. The aggregate of all our joys and sufferings, thousands of confident religions, ideologies and economic doctrines, every hunter and forager, every hero and coward, every creator and destroyer of civilizations, every king and peasant, every young couple in love, every hopeful child, every mother and father, every inventor and explorer, every teacher of morals, every corrupt politician, every superstar, every supreme leader, every saint and sinner in the history of our species, lived there on a mote of dust, suspended in a sunbeam.

The earth is a very small stage in a vast cosmic arena. Think of the rivers of blood spilled by all those generals and emperors so that in glory and in triumph they could become the momentary masters of a fraction of a dot. Think of the endless cruelties visited by the inhabitants of one corner of the dot on scarcely distinguishable inhabitants of some other corner of the dot. How frequent their misunderstandings, how eager they are to kill one another, how fervent their hatreds. Our posturings, our imagined self-importance, the delusion that we have some privileged position in the universe, are challenged by this point of pale light.

Our planet is a lonely speck in the great enveloping cosmic dark. In our obscurity — in all this vastness — there is no hint that help will come from elsewhere to save us from ourselves. It is up to us. It’s been said that astronomy is a humbling, and I might add, a character-building experience. To my mind, there is perhaps no better demonstration of the folly of human conceits than this distant image of our tiny world. To me, it underscores our responsibility to deal more kindly and compassionately with one another and to preserve and cherish that pale blue dot, the only home we’ve ever known.

“Plava tačka u beskraju”Vojadžer 1; 6. jula 1990. godine.

6,4 milijardi kilometara(iza Plutona)

10108 8 = 100.000 km= 100.000 km

10109 9 = 1.000.000 km= 1.000.000 km

4 104 109 9 = 4,200,000 km= 4,200,000 km

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Volvop18395va1961front.jpg

http://www.mmilan.com/

Merkur: 1010mVenera – Jupiter: 1011mSaturn – Pluton: 1012m

101013 13 = 10.000.000.000.000 m= 10.000.000.000.000 m

Voyager 1

7. septembar 1977Jupiter, Saturn

(15.89×1012 m, 106.26AU, 14.72 sv. sati)

17 km/s (u odnosu na Sunce)

1 svetlosna godina = 9.4605284 1015 metara1 pc = 3.26 sv. god.

http://www.mmilan.com/http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com

Proxima Centauri: 1.3 pc = 4.24 ly = 4 1016 m

10101717mm

http://www.mmilan.com/http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com

10101818mm

Vega 8 pcArcturus 11 pcCapella 14 pcAldebaran 16 pcSpica 80 pcBetelgeuse 150 pcRigel 250 pcDeneb 430 pc ~ 1019m

http://www.mmilan.com/

Prečnik: 100,000 lyDebljina:12,000 ly (gas)

1,000 ly (zvezde)Broj zvezda: 200 - 400 milijardi

Najstarija zvezda:13.2 milijardi god.10102121mm

http://www.mmilan.com/

AndromedaPrečnik: 200.000;

daljina 2,2 miliona svetlosnih godinaOko 300 zezdanih jata

10102222mm

http://www.mmilan.com/

10102323mm

http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com

http://www.mmilan.com/

10102424mm

http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com

http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/

Photo courtesy of © Space Telescope Science Institute

10102525mm

• QUASi-stellAR radio source• 3C 273, 2.44 milijarde sv. god. • 100 puta sjajniji od naše galaksije; na 33 sv.

god sijao bi kao Sunce•1967 god Maarten Schmidt – dokaz protiv

stacionarnog modela Freda Hojla – brojniji u mladom univerzumu

http://www.mmilan.com/

WAMP

101000

1010-1 -1 = 0,1 m= 0,1 m

Queen Alexandra's Birdwing (Ornithoptera alexandrae)

1010-2 -2 = 0,01 m = 1 cm= 0,01 m = 1 cm

1010-3 -3 = 0,001 m = 1 mm= 0,001 m = 1 mm

http://www.mmilan.com/

1010-4 -4 = 0,0001 m= 0,0001 m

Paramecium aurelia, najpoznatiji od svih trepljara pod optičkim mikroskopom. "Mehurići" u ćeliji paramecijuma su vakuole. Cela površina tela je prekrivena trepljama,

koje su na slici mutne zbog toga što se brzo pokreću.

http://en.wikipedia.org

1010-5 -5 = 0,00001 m= 0,00001 m

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mist_-_Ensay_region3.jpg

Cotton plant, Texas, 1996. Photo courtesy of USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service.http://photogallery.nrcs.usda.gov/Index.asp

10 10 -6-6

Escherichia coli: Scanning electron micrograph of Escherichia coli, grown in culture and adhered to a cover slip.

Credit: Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH

10 10 -7-7 = 100 nm = 100 nm

http://www.mmilan.com/

http://www.mmilan.com/

10 10 -8-8 = 10 nm = 10 nm

10 10 -9-9 = 1 nm = 1 nm

10 10 -11 -11 mm

1pm=10 1pm=10 -12 -12 mm

10 10 -15 -15 mm

10 10 -18 -18 mm

http://hasylab.desy.de/

Planck

10 10 53 53 mm

10 10 -35 -35 mm

Milan Miloševićmmilan@svetnauke.org

www.svetnauke.org

Astronomska inflacijasubota, 30. mart u 12:00h