midterm review. how did the labor force change during the industrial revolution? answer : skilled...

Midterm Review

How did the labor force change during the Industrial Revolution?

ANSWER: Skilled workers were replaced by unskilled

workers

Who discovered a way to mass-produce steel?

ANSWER: Henry Bessemer

What was the name of the first commissioned and most celebrated African-American infantry?

ANSWER: The 54th

Massachusetts

What was the result of the invention of the Bessemer Process?

ANSWER: Steel could be

created quickly and cheaply

What two industries grew rapidly because steel could be mass-produced? ANSWER:

Construction & Railroads

What are tenements?

ANSWER: Small, cheaply built

apartment buildings where

many immigrants lived.

The name of the processing center where 2/3 of all immigrants were processed was:

ANSWER:

Ellis Island

The official nickname for Arizona is:

ANSWER: The Grand Canyon

State

Who published the abolitionist newspaper “The Liberator”?

ANSWER:

William Lloyd Garrison

BONUS QUESTION

ANSWER: A process of negotiating where employees work together with their labor unions to get what they want from their employer.

What is collective

bargaining?

The climate in Arizona is _______ which means_______:

ANSWER: arid, which means dry

Sectionalism means:

ANSWER: Excessive concern or interest for one region over anotherto the extent it harms the whole

The 3 geographic regions in AZ are:

ANSWER: Colorado PlateauTransition ZoneBasin & Range

California was admitted as a free state because of what compromise?

ANSWER:

Compromise of 1850

Why were Labor Unions difficult to create? ANSWER:

Employers didn’t like them and resisted

them

Why did Labor Unions oppose immigration? ANSWER:

They feared immigrants would take

all the jobs from the current Americans

Why was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 passed?

ANSWER: Many Americans

worried that Chinese immigrants

were hurting the economy.

What is horizontal integration?

ANSWER: Owning all the businesses in a

certain field

What is vertical integration?

ANSWER: Owning all the

steps in the production process

The official motto and its meaning for Arizona is:

ANSWER: Ditat Deus which

means God Enriches

The three regions in the U.S. in the early 1800’s were: ANSWER:

North, South and West

The most famous “conductor” on the Underground Railroad was:

ANSWER:

Harriett Tubman

Who wrote the book “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”?

ANSWER:

Harriett Beecher Stowe

What effect did “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” have on Americans?

ANSWER:

Exposed the harsh realities of

slavery

What is cotton diplomacy?

ANSWER: The belief that Great Britain would help the South in the war because they needed the cotton.

BONUS QUESTION

1.Maine became a free state

2.Missouri became a slave state

3.No states or territories above the 36.30 parallel (except Missouri) could have slaves.

What 3 things happened because of the Missouri

Compromise?

What are copperheads?

ANSWER: People in the North who objected to the war

What branch of government decided slaves were only property AND what was the name of the case?

ANSWER:

Supreme Court in the Dred

Scott decision

Who gets the credit for inventing the light bulb?

ANSWER: Thomas Edison

The 5 C’s of Arizona are:

ANSWER: Copper, Cotton,

Climate, Citrus, Cattle

Once the cities got too crowded, how did buildings change?

ANSWER: Vertical

construction of skyscrapers

What did Henry Ford invent that made it cheaper and easier to make products for the public?

ANSWER: Moving assembly

line

What did Abraham Lincoln feel was the highest priority in the civil war?

ANSWER:

Saving the Union

What were some of the push factors that caused immigrants to leave their home country?

ANSWER: Poverty, famine,

political upheaval, religious

persecution

Where were the first shots of the Civil War fired?

ANSWER:

Fort Sumter

What was the first state to secede from the union?

ANSWER:

South Carolina

During the Civil War, the North was known as the ___________ and the South was known as the ___________.

ANSWER:

Union, Confederacy

What was the “March to the Sea”?

ANSWER: A plan by Gen’l

William T Sherman to march thousands of

troops through Georgia and take the city of

Savannah

The first battle at Bull Run was significant because

ANSWER: It revealed this would be a long and bloody

war.

The head general of the South was _______________ and of the North was ______________.

ANSWER: Robert E. Lee /

Ulysses S. Grant

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied …by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” This is the:

ANSWER:

15th Amendment

Which amendment defined citizenship and gave equal rights to all men in America?

ANSWER:

14th Amendment

What were black codes?

ANSWER:

Local laws designed to limit the freedoms of

African Americans

What did the 13th Amendment accomplish?

ANSWER:

Outlawed slavery

The group which used violence to intimidate African-Americans was:

ANSWER:

The KKK(Ku Klux Klan)

What kind of warfare did General Sherman use in his campaign through the South?

ANSWER: Total War

Why did General Lee surrender his troops to General Grant?

ANSWER: They were

surrounded by Union forces (at

Petersburg)

What was the name of the town where General Lee surrendered the Southern army to General Grant?

ANSWER: Appomattox Court

House

Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln?

ANSWER:

John Wilkes Booth

Which battle had the bloodiest day in the Civil War?

ANSWER: The Battle of Antietam (or Sharpsburg)

What did Lincoln finally release because of the victory at Antietam?

ANSWER: The Emancipation

Proclamation

The effect of The Emancipation Proclamation was:

ANSWER: Declared all slaves in the rebel states

were free

BONUS QUESTION

ANSWER: The idea that it is God’s will that America will expand from sea to shining sea

What is manifest destiny?

Who became the richest man in America after owning 90% of the oil industry?

ANSWER:

John D. Rockefeller

What speech did Lincoln give that inspired equality and liberty for all ?

ANSWER:

The Gettysburg Address

What is the name of the president of the Confederate states of America?

ANSWER:

Jefferson Davis

What city did Sherman offer Lincoln as a “Christmas Present,” meaning he had defeated it?

ANSWER:

Savannah, Georgia

What was the result of Plessy v. Ferguson?

ANSWER:

Segregation became legal

What is segregation?

ANSWER: Segregation is

separating groups of people by race or ethnic groups

The process in which a person would pay the rent on his land by giving up 1/3 of his crops was:

ANSWER:

Sharecropping

The problem with sharecropping was:

ANSWER:

It kept the sharecropper in an

endless cycle of debt and poverty

What were Jim Crow Laws?

ANSWER:

Local laws that enforced

segregation

Who invented the telephone?ANSWER:

Alexander Graham Bell

What is a labor union?

ANSWER: An organization

(usually made up of workers) working to

improve wages & working conditions.