manual 35mm slr camera controls · 2017-09-29 · manual 35mm slr camera controls a single-lens...
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Manual35mmSLRCameraControls
Asingle-lensreflexcamera (SLR)typicallyusesamirrorandprismsystem(hence"reflex",fromthemirror'sreflection)thatpermitsthephotographertoviewthroughthelensandseeexactlywhatwillbecaptured,contrarytoviewfindercameraswheretheimagecouldbesignificantlydifferent
fromwhatwillbecaptured.
SingleLensReflex
35mmSLRCamera- Front
FrameCounterFilm-AdvanceLever
ShutterReleaseButton
ShutterSpeedDial
FilmSpeedRingand
Indicator(ISO)
ShutterSpeed
Indicator
DirectXContactHotShoeorAccessoryShoe
LensMount
FilmRewindCrank
FilmRewindKnob
Grip
DepthofFieldPreviewButton
SelfTimerSwitch ApertureDial FocusingDial
DepthofFieldGuide
LensReleaseButton
LabelTheControls(Front)
Syncterminal
Camerabacklocklever
OpeningtheCameraBack
• Pushthecamerabacklocklevercounterclockwisewhileliftingthefilmrewindknob.Thecamerabackwillpopopen.
35mmSLRCamera- Back
FilmRewindShaft
FilmChamber
View-FinderEyepiece ShutterCurtain
BatteryCompartment TripodMount
Socket
FilmRewindReleaseButton
SprocketWheel
FilmTake-UpSpool CameraBack
LabelTheControls(Back)
HowToLoad/Unload35mmFilm
SettingtheISO(FilmSpeed)
• LiftthefilmspeedringandrotateitineitherdirectionuntiltheredISOfilmspeedindicatorisoppositetheISOfilmspeedrequired.
• Unlessthefilmspeedissetcorrectlyyoucannotobtainthecorrectexposure.
SettingtheCorrectExposure
Pulloutthefilmadvancelevertounlocktheshutterreleasebutton.Thisleverdoublesasashutterreleaselock.
Presstheshutterreleasebuttonlightlytoswitchtheexposuremeteronwhilelookingthroughtheviewfinder.Ifoneortwooftheredindicatorlampsinsidelightupthemeterisoperatingnormally.
Theindicatorwillnotlightupin‘B’(Bulb)modeorifthebatteriesneedreplacing.
SettingtheCorrectExposure
Positionyourmainsubjectatthecentreofthefieldofviewinsidetheviewfinder.Thenturntheshutterspeeddialand/orlensapertureringuntiltheLEDlampforthesymbolforcorrectexposureO lightsup.
Overexposure(toomuchlight)isindicatedbya+ andunderexposure(notenoughlight)isindicatedbya– symbol.
Focusing
TheFM2isprovidedwiththeTypeK2focusingscreenasstandard.Lookthroughtheviewfinderwhileturningthefocusingringuntilthetwohalvesofthesplitimagecoincideperfectlytoformasingleunbrokenimageandtheimageinthemicroprism gridappearssharp.Correctfocuswillthenbesecured.
Shooting
• Lookthroughtheviewfinderanddepresstheshutterreleasebuttontotakeashot.• Windthefilmadvanceleverasfarasitwillgototransportthefilmtothenext
framereadyforthenextshot.Donotapplyexcessivepressurewhenwindingthelever.Youcannotwindtheleverwhenthefilmisattheend.
• Afterthelastexposurehasbeenmade,turnthecameraupsidedownandpressthefilmrewindbutton,sothattheexposedfilmcanberewound.
ExposureTriangle
Noise/Grain
FilmSpeed(ISO)Filmspeed isthemeasureofaphotographicfilm'ssensitivitytolight,determined
bysensitometryandmeasuredonvariousnumericalscales,themostrecentbeingtheISOsystem.DigitalcamerasensorsmeasureISOinthesamewayasfilm.
Intraditional(film)photography ISO(orASA)istheindicationofhowsensitiveafilmistolight.Itismeasuredinnumbers(you’veprobablyseenthemonfilms– 100,200,400,800etc).Thelowerthenumberthelowerthesensitivityofthefilmandthe
finerthegrainintheshotsyou’retaking.
InDigitalPhotography ISOmeasuresthesensitivityoftheimagesensor.Thesameprinciplesapplyasinfilmphotography– thelowerthenumberthelesssensitiveyourcameraistolightandthelessnoiseisvisible.
ApertureInoptics,anapertureisaholeoranopeningthroughwhichlighttravels.
ShutterSpeedInphotography,shutterspeed orexposuretime isthelengthoftimeacamera'sshutterisopen
whentakingaphotograph.
Aperture&ShutterSpeed
DepthofField(DOF)Inoptics,particularlyasitrelatestofilmandphotography,depthoffield(DOF)isthedistancebetweenthe
nearestandfarthestobjectsinascenethatappearacceptablysharpinanimage.
DepthOfFieldExample
Questions?
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