managing biological resources & environmental equality “the business of hunger”
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Managing Biological Resources & Environmental Equality
“The Business of Hunger”
Managing Biological Resources & Environmental Equality
“The Business of Hunger”
Lecture 24Lecture 24
Now playing:
Kurt Bestor, Sam Cardon
“Prayer of the Children”
Goals:Goals:1. To identify some of the relationships between poverty and
environmental degradation.2. To learn how to use critical thinking in science and social
issues.
1. To identify some of the relationships between poverty and environmental degradation.
2. To learn how to use critical thinking in science and social issues.
Websites:http://www.thehungersite.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/CTDSites
http://www.worldhunger.org/ http://www.brown.edu/Departments/World_Hunger_Program/hungerweb/data.html http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/hnp/nutrition/tnan.htm http://www.gcrio.org/CONSEQUENCES/vol2no2/article1.html
http://www.brown.edu/Departments/World_Hunger_Program/hungerweb/intro/basic_definitions.htmlhttp://www.csis.org/nge/nge_mon.htmlhttp://www.ifg.org/http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.htm#IIIhttp://www.ita.doc.gov/
Websites:http://www.thehungersite.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/CTDSites
http://www.worldhunger.org/ http://www.brown.edu/Departments/World_Hunger_Program/hungerweb/data.html http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/hnp/nutrition/tnan.htm http://www.gcrio.org/CONSEQUENCES/vol2no2/article1.html
http://www.brown.edu/Departments/World_Hunger_Program/hungerweb/intro/basic_definitions.htmlhttp://www.csis.org/nge/nge_mon.htmlhttp://www.ifg.org/http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.htm#IIIhttp://www.ita.doc.gov/
Assignment: Apply Critical thinking to Hunger issuesAssignment: Apply Critical thinking to Hunger issues
Ancient Byzantine ParableAncient Byzantine Parable
“A man with bread has many problems, a man without bread has only one.”
“A man with bread has many problems, a man without bread has only one.”
1. Why does hunger exist in a world of plenty?1. Why does hunger exist in a world of plenty?
2. What are the changes in world food production?
2. What are the changes in world food production?
3. Is genetic diversity important for survival?
3. Is genetic diversity important for survival?
A Degenerating Circle: Poverty/Environmental/EconomyA Degenerating Circle: Poverty/Environmental/Economy
Growing disparities in incomes among regions
05,000
10,00015,00020,00025,000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990(per
cap
ita in
com
e in
con
stan
t int
erna
tiona
l dol
lars
)
Africa Asia Latin AmericaW. Europe N. America
People on the Move
-63-9
-1366-41
739
102
-392
-85
971
340111
404
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
Net
Num
ber
of M
igra
nts
(tho
usan
ds)
Africa Asia Europe LatinAmerica and
Carribean
NorthAmerica
Oceania
Number (thousands)
Rate (per 100,000 population)
Urban Growth Spurt Continues
0123456789
10
1950 1975 2000 2025
Po
pu
lati
on
(b
illio
ns
)
Rural Developed Urban DevelopedRural Developing Urban Developing
0
1
2
3
4
5
Yiel
d (m
etric
tons
/hec
tare
)
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Wheat Yield Rice Yield Maize Yield
Yields Are Up, But Growth is Slowing
Progress in Feeding the World Has Varied Widely by Region
80
100
120
140
160
180
1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996
Inde
x N
umbe
rs 1
961=
100
U.S.S.R. (former) AfricaAsia EuropeWorld Latin America
Despite Gains, Millions Go Hungry
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1969-71 1979-81 1990-92 2010(mill
ion
pers
ons
suffe
ring
from
und
ernu
triti
on)
Sub-Saharan Africa Near East and North AfricaEast and Southeast Asia South AsiaLatin America and the Caribbean
World Totals(million hectares)
Vegetation Removal 579Overexploitation 133Overgrazing 679Agricultural Activities 522Industrial and Bioindustrial 23
Degraded Soil Means Less Food
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
(mill
ions
of h
ecta
res
degr
aded
)
World Africa North andCentralAmerica
SouthAmerica
Asia Europe Oceania
Vegetation Removal Overexploitation
Overgrazing Agricultural Activities
Industrial and Bioindustrial
Food Supply Increasingly Relies on Irrigation
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991
(per
cent
)
Africa Asia Latin America Europe
North America Oceania World
Some people argue that it’s not a matter of too little food...
Some people argue that it’s not a matter of too little food...
More fertilizer: More food, but more pollution
too
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991
(mill
ion
met
ric
tons
)
AfricaAsiaSouth and Central AmericaEuropeNorth AmericaOceaniaWorld
Increasing food production
What can YOU do?
Aquaculture
Biotechnology
Adding plants to human diet
Sustainable agriculture
Farmed Fish Are a Growing Share of the Global Fish Harvest
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
(mill
ion
met
ric to
ns)
Total Capture Total Aquaculture
BiotechnologyBiotechnology
Forest Loss Is Severe in the Tropics
0
10
20
30
40
50
(per
cent
)
Asia Africa Latin America World
Amazon Deforestation Remains High
Many of Earth’s Forests Have Been Cleared or Degraded
0
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
14,000,000
16,000,000
18,000,000
Russia andEurope
Asia North &South
America
SouthAmerica
Africa Oceania
(mill
ions
of s
quar
e ki
lom
eter
s)
Cleared Non Frontier Forest Frontier Forest
For more than half a century I have worked with the production of more and better wheat for feeding the hungry people, but wheat is merely a catalyst, a part of the picture. I am interested in the total development of human beings. Only by attacking the whole problem can we raise the standard of living for all people in all communities, so that they will be able to live decent lives. This is something we want for all people on this planet.
--Dr. Norman Borlaug, (1914 - present) 1970 Nobel Prize winner
For more than half a century I have worked with the production of more and better wheat for feeding the hungry people, but wheat is merely a catalyst, a part of the picture. I am interested in the total development of human beings. Only by attacking the whole problem can we raise the standard of living for all people in all communities, so that they will be able to live decent lives. This is something we want for all people on this planet.
--Dr. Norman Borlaug, (1914 - present) 1970 Nobel Prize winner
What greater human right is there than the right to eat?
Senator Bob Dole (1923 - 1998)
What greater human right is there than the right to eat?
Senator Bob Dole (1923 - 1998)
A man who has bread has many problems, a man withoutbread has only one. Byzantine Proverb
A man who has bread has many problems, a man withoutbread has only one. Byzantine Proverb
1. Why does hunger exist in a world of plenty?1. Why does hunger exist in a world of plenty?
2. What are the changes in world food production?
2. What are the changes in world food production?
3. Is genetic diversity important for survival?
3. Is genetic diversity important for survival?
A Degenerating Circle: Poverty/Environmental/EconomyA Degenerating Circle: Poverty/Environmental/Economy
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