linear perspective from brunelleschi to leonardo edward chang uc santa barbara

Linear Perspective fromBrunelleschi to LeonardoLinear Perspective fromBrunelleschi to Leonardo

Edward ChangUC Santa Barbara

Perspective 2

Perspective

Place a 3D scene on a 2D canvasFormalized by Brunelleschi in

15AD1500 - 1900, one of the standard

painting techniquesCreate a systematic illusion of

receding forms behind the flat surface

Perspective 3

Perspective 4

Perspective

Giotto (15AD)Lines and planes situated above eye-level

should appear to incline downwards and move away from the viewer

Those below eye-level should incline upwards

Those to the left inclines to right and those to the right inclines to left

There should be some sense of the horizontal and vertical division

Perspective 5

Perspective 6

Perspective

BrunelleschiP: Outline a rectangle as an open

window through which the objects to be painted are seen

E: Determine the eye-level (height) of a man , H (horizon)

V: Decide the point at which the centric ray strikes the picture plane P

Perspective 7

Perspective 8

Perspective

BrunelleschiP, E, H and VDivide the base into scales (braccia =

1/3 E)Top viewSide viewFront view

Perspective 9

Perspective 10

Perspective 11

Perspective 12

Perspective 13

Perspective 14

Camera

(X, Y, Z) real coordinate(x, y, z) projected coordinatef: focal lengthx = X * f/Zy = Y * f/Z

Perspective 15

Perspective 16

Perspective 17

2D -> 3D

What 3D information that we can recover from a 2D image mathematically?Distance pointDistance of objects Sizes...Slants...Tilts...

Perspective 18

2D -> 3D

EV or H

Perspective 19

Perspective 20

Perspective 21

The Distance Point

VZ = EV

Perspective 22

Perspective 23

Vanishing Point

The intersection of a set of parallel lines that are not parallel to the picture plane

From V, one can recover the slant of a set of parallel lines

Perspective 24

Perspective 25

Perspective 26

Perspective 27

Perspective 28

Perspective 29

Distance?

With checker boardWithout checker board

Perspective 30

Perspective 31

Object Height

EHorizonT: top, B: bottom of an objectheight = TB / HB

Perspective 32

Perspective 33

Major Contributions to Pictorial Representation

Art Theorists (Car inventors)Painters (Drivers)