legionella awareness presentation 1
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Legionella control in the
University of Sheffield
Legionella Awareness for
Departmental representatives
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What is Legionella?
A naturally occurringbacterium
Found in most water
systemsOften present in mains
water
Easily colonises mostdomestic water systemshot and cold
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Requirements for Growth?
Optimum temperature
range of 20 - 45 CFood source (other bacteria
& sediments)
Prefers stagnant conditions
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Route of Infection?Primarily through inhalation
of aerosols, fine droplets &
mists
Can be contracted by choking
on contaminated water
Statistically most susceptible
- 50 to 70 year olds
- Males
- Smokers
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How big a risk?
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Legionnaires DiseasePotentially fatal form of pneumonia
5-30% fatality rate
200-300 cases of infection in England
& Wales annually
Incubation period 2-10 days -
typically 3-6days
Legionella pneumophila 23 sub types
HSE view Legionnaire's Disease as
preventable assuming management
failure!
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Legionnaire's Disease
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Legislation
The Health and Safety at
Work etc Act 1974
Management of Health &Safety at Work
Regulations 1999
COSHH 2002 ACOP L8 (see front
cover)
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L8 Guide to Successful Control
Requires:
Management regime in place
Risk Assessments
Control regime
Maintenance and upgrade
Review
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Risk Assessments should:
Identify & quantify relevant wet systems plus
equipment holding / circulating water
Assess potential for Legionella growth
Identify who is at risk
Assess the potential for bacterial transfer
Quantify and prioritise the risks
Determine suitable means of control
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UoS Responsibilities 1
Statutory Duty Holder who is ultimately
responsibleRegistrar & Secretary
Appointed Responsible Person for day to daymanagementDirector of Estates
Deputy Responsible Person to cover holidays
and illnessHead of Engineering OperationsResponsibility cannot be delegated
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UoS Responsibilities 2
Policy for the Control of Legionella bacteria
Management structure in place with
Contractors charged with carrying out: - Legionella Risk assessments of all buildings
Treatment of water assets where required
Sampling and analysis of water systems Remedial works incl. removing dead-legs
5 Zones - Engineers managing Contractors
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Current Position Current regime in place for > 2 years
95% buildings assessed (some low risk o/s)
Current costs ~ 250,000 pa
Monitoring of sample results on-line
Legionella Procedures Manual in place
Legionella Control Steering Group3 meetings
per year chaired by Prof R F Jackson Policy and Procedures on Safety Services
website
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Typical Systems at Risk
Cooling Towers
Domestic hot & cold water systems
Water features incl. ornamental fountains
Equipment producing aerosols, mists or
droplets from stored water sources including
showers & humidifiers Equipment holding / circulating
water at 20 - 45 C
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Examples of lab & workshop equipment
Water tanks & baths
Spray taps
Water recirculation systems for cooling
Rarely used taps & showers (even at home)
Misting equipment
Dentistry tools
Oil / water emulsions for
lubricating lathes
Mobile AC equipment with water
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Controlling Legionella bacteria
Temperature monitoring Controlled release of water spray
Avoid temp. conditions 20 - 45 C
Avoid water stagnation - empty & clean regularly
Avoid materials which harbour bacteria
Maintain cleanliness of spray outlets
Water treatment where necessary Ensure correct & safe operation of system
Flushing regime for rarely-used outlets
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What Departments need to do - 1
Identify a Nominated Person to help youmanage Legionella risks in your Department
Identify & record all : -
water-containing equipment whichoperates in the temperature range 20-45C
all rarely-used taps & showers
all equipment supplied from stored watersources producing sprays, mists or aerosols
Assess the risk of Legionella growth in each
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What Departments need to do - 2
Check Legionella Procedures Manual forinformation of the management of specificitems of laboratory equipment
If your equipment is not listed, determine thebest means of reducing Legionella risksifneeded, contact Department of Estates for
helpConsider which treatment options are the
most appropriate from the next slide
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Treatment / remedial options
Monitor temperatures; 20-45C = risk range Every 2 weeks - heat water to 60C for 5 mins
Add disinfectants / Chloros as advised
Empty out the water system, thoroughly clean
& refill with fresh water every month Clean & disinfect spray heads every month
Flush rarely-used outlets weekly
Arrange with Estates for removal of dead-legs Arrange with Estates for samples to be taken if
risk exists (sampling is NOT a control measureit takes 10 days for results to be sent throughit monitors whether your controls work)
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Next step
Record all actions taken and results
received.
Review the efficacy of the
treatment regime by checking the
results of analyses received
Re-assess the risk assessment if
there are any changes to the
operating parameters or the system
layout
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Drinking water coolers
2 types generally available:
Using large bottles of mineral water
Plumbed-in units
Legionella is not reported to be a problem withwater bottle coolers, usually work outside criticaltemperature range,
1 reported instance of Legionella bacteria beingisolated from Activated Carbon filters in aplumbed-in unit in New Zealandreplace asrecommended by manufacturer.
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We hope you found this
information useful!
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