land area of japan - jicamt. fuji (3,766 m) lulucf national conditions of japan lulucf land area of...
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28
��Ja
pa
n c
on
sis
ts o
f 4
ma
in a
nd
ma
ny
Ja
pa
n c
on
sis
ts o
f 4
ma
in a
nd
ma
ny
sm
all
isla
nd
s w
hic
h e
xte
nd
ove
r sm
all
isla
nd
s w
hic
h e
xte
nd
ove
r
ab
ou
t 3
,00
0km
fro
m S
ou
tha
bo
ut
3,0
00
km
fro
m S
ou
th-- W
est to
W
est to
Nort
hN
ort
h-- E
ast.
Ea
st.
��F
ou
r clim
atic z
on
es:
Fo
ur
clim
atic z
on
es:
��S
ub
Su
b-- t
ropic
zon
etr
opic
zon
e
��W
arm
te
mpe
rate
zo
ne
W
arm
te
mpe
rate
zo
ne
��C
oo
l te
mpe
rate
zo
ne
Co
ol te
mpe
rate
zo
ne
��B
ore
al zon
eB
ore
al zon
e
��L
arg
e a
mo
un
t o
f p
recip
ita
tio
n (
ab
ou
t L
arg
e a
mo
un
t o
f p
recip
ita
tio
n (
ab
ou
t
1,7
00
[m
m/y
r]),
co
nce
ntr
atin
g in
1
,70
0 [m
m/y
r]),
co
nce
ntr
atin
g in
rain
y s
ea
so
n (
Ju
ne
~ J
uly
) a
nd
ra
iny s
ea
so
n (
Ju
ne
~ J
uly
) a
nd
typ
ho
on
se
aso
n (
Ju
ly
typ
ho
on
se
aso
n (
Ju
ly ~~
Octo
ber)
. O
cto
ber)
.
��A
la
rge
pro
po
rtio
n o
f la
nd
is
A la
rge
pro
po
rtio
n o
f la
nd
is
occu
pie
d b
y s
tee
p m
ou
nta
ins w
ith
o
ccu
pie
d b
y s
tee
p m
ou
nta
ins w
ith
fore
st cover.
Hig
hest p
eak is M
t. F
uji.
fore
st cover.
Hig
hest p
eak is M
t. F
uji.
Japan
1000 k
m
Mt.
Fu
ji (3
,766
m)
Mt.
Fu
ji (3
,766
m)
LU
LU
CF
LU
LU
CF
Nati
on
al
Co
nd
itio
ns o
f Jap
an
Nati
on
al
Co
nd
itio
ns o
f Jap
an
LU
LU
CF
LU
LU
CF
Lan
d A
rea o
f Jap
an
L
an
d A
rea o
f Jap
an
29
��Ja
pa
ne
se
te
rrito
ry a
s o
f F
Y 2
00
9 e
xte
nd
s o
ve
r 3
7.8
mill
ion
ha
.Ja
pa
ne
se
te
rrito
ry a
s o
f F
Y 2
00
9 e
xte
nd
s o
ve
r 3
7.8
mill
ion
ha
.
��A
bo
ut 8
0 p
erc
en
t is
eith
er
Fo
rest la
nd
(2
4.9
mill
ion
ha
[6
6 %
])
Ab
ou
t 8
0 p
erc
en
t is
eith
er
Fo
rest la
nd
(2
4.9
mill
ion
ha
[6
6 %
]) o
r or
Cro
pla
nd
(3
.8 m
illio
n h
a [1
2%
]).
Cro
pla
nd
(3
.8 m
illio
n h
a [1
2%
]).
��In
re
ce
nt
ye
ars
, th
e to
tal a
rea
de
vo
ted
to
fo
restr
y o
r a
gri
cu
ltu
In r
ece
nt
ye
ars
, th
e to
tal a
rea
de
vo
ted
to
fo
restr
y o
r a
gri
cu
ltu
ral
ral
pu
rpo
se
s h
as d
imin
ish
ed
, w
hile
th
at u
se
d f
or
bu
ildin
gs a
nd
ro
ad
sp
urp
ose
s h
as d
imin
ish
ed
, w
hile
th
at u
se
d f
or
bu
ildin
gs a
nd
ro
ad
s
ha
s in
cre
ase
d.
ha
s in
cre
ase
d.
La
nd
use
ca
teg
ory
Ch
an
ge
sin
ce
19
90
(%
)
To
tal
0.0
5
5.A
.F
ore
st
lan
d-0
.00
5.B
.C
rop
lan
d-1
5.1
9
5.C
.G
rassla
nd
-2.8
1
5.D
.W
etla
nd
s0
.75
5.E
.S
ett
lem
en
t1
4.3
9
5.F
.O
the
r la
nd
3.6
0
“Land u
se c
ate
gory
”is
after
the G
PG
-LU
LU
CF
(IP
CC
, 2003)
LU
LU
CF
L
UL
UC
F ––
La
nd
Are
a o
f J
ap
an
L
an
d A
rea
of
Ja
pa
n
Defi
nit
ion
& S
tati
sti
cs
Defi
nit
ion
& S
tati
sti
cs
30
Land u
se c
ate
gory
Definitio
nS
tatistics
5.A
.F
ore
st la
nd
Fore
sts
under
Law
Art
icle
5 a
nd 7
.2
Inte
nsiv
ely
managed f
ore
sts
, sem
i-natu
ral fo
rests
,
fore
sts
with less s
tandin
g t
rees,
bam
boo
Fore
str
y S
tatu
s S
urv
ey
[-2004]
National F
ore
st
Resourc
es D
ata
base
[200
5-]
(Fore
str
y A
gency)
5.B
.C
ropla
nd
Ric
e f
ield
s, upla
nd fie
lds a
nd o
rchard
.S
tatistics o
f C
ultiv
ate
d a
nd P
lante
d A
rea (
MA
FF
)
5.C
.G
rassla
nd
1)
Pastu
re land,
2)
gra
zed m
eadow
land,
3)
gra
ssla
nd o
ther
than p
astu
re land a
nd g
razed
meadow
land.
1)
Sta
tistics o
f C
ultiv
ate
d a
nd P
lante
d A
rea (
MA
FF
)
2)
World C
ensus o
f A
griculture
and F
ore
str
y (
MA
FF
),
A M
ove a
nd C
onvers
ion o
f C
ropla
nd (
MA
FF
)
3)
Land U
se S
tatu
s S
urv
ey (
MLIT
T)
5.D
.W
etlands
Bodie
s o
f w
ate
r (d
am
s),
riv
ers
, and w
ate
rways.
Land U
se S
tatu
s S
urv
ey,
Surv
ey o
f F
ore
str
y r
egio
ns
(MLIT
T)
5.E
.S
ettle
ment
1)
Urb
an a
reas t
hat do n
ot
constitu
te land,
Cro
pla
nd,
Gra
ssla
nd o
r W
etlands:
roads,
resid
ential la
nd,
school re
serv
ations, park
and
gre
en a
reas, ro
ad s
ites,
environm
enta
l fa
cili
ty
sites, golf c
ours
es,
ski cours
es a
nd o
ther
recre
ation
site
s.
2)
Urb
an g
reen a
reas a
re a
ll w
ooded a
nd p
lante
d
are
as t
hat
do n
ot
constitu
te land.
1)
Land U
se S
tatu
s S
urv
ey
(ML
ITT
)
2)
Urb
an P
ark
s S
tatu
s S
urv
ey,
Road T
ree P
lanting
Sta
tus S
urv
ey,
Sew
age T
reatm
ent
Facili
ty S
tatu
s
Surv
ey,
Urb
an G
reenin
g S
tatu
s S
urv
ey,
Surv
ey o
n
Carb
on D
ioxid
e A
bsorp
tion a
t S
ourc
e in R
iver
Work
s,
Pro
gre
ss S
urv
ey o
n T
ree P
lanting f
or
Public
Renta
l
Housin
g (
ML
ITT
)
5.F
.O
ther
land
Any land that
does n
ot
belo
ng t
o t
he a
bove land
use c
ate
gories.
(Tota
l) –
(sum
med a
rea o
f oth
er
land u
se c
ate
gories)
MA
FF
: M
inis
try o
f A
griculture
, F
ore
str
y a
nd F
isheries
ML
ITT
: M
inis
try o
f L
an
d,
Infr
astr
uctu
re,
Tra
nsp
ort
an
d T
ouri
sm
31
LU
LU
CF
LU
LU
CF
Lan
d u
se c
ate
go
ryL
an
d u
se c
ate
go
ry
5.D
. W
etla
nd
s
5
.E.
Se
ttle
me
nts
5.F
. O
the
r la
nd
5.A
. F
ore
st la
nd
5
.B.
Cro
pla
nd
5.C
. G
rassla
nd
An
y la
nd
th
at d
oe
s n
ot
be
lon
g to
5.A
. –
5.E
.
A4-250
Ca
rbo
n s
tock
ch
an
ges
are
es
tim
ate
d u
nd
er
12
su
b-c
ate
go
rie
s
(i.e
., 6
la
nd
us
e c
ate
go
ries
x 2
su
b-c
ate
go
rie
s)
Su
bc
ate
go
rie
s:
In t
he c
as
e o
f “F
ore
st
lan
d”
�L
an
d u
se
ca
teg
ory
re
ma
inin
g l
an
d u
se
ca
teg
ory
ove
r 2
0 y
ea
rs
(e.g
., F
ore
st
lan
d r
em
ain
ing
Fo
res
t la
nd
)
�L
an
d c
on
ve
rte
d t
o o
the
r la
nd
us
e c
ate
go
ry i
n a
n i
nve
nto
ry y
ea
r
(e.g
., C
rop
lan
d c
on
ve
rte
d t
o F
ore
st
lan
d)
Ca
rbo
n p
oo
ls:
�L
ivin
g b
iom
as
s
Above-g
round b
iom
ass
Be
low
-gro
un
d b
iom
ass
�D
ead
org
an
ic m
att
er
Litte
r
Dead w
ood
�S
oil
Min
era
l &
Org
anic
soils
33
LU
LU
CF
LU
LU
CF
Esti
mati
on
targ
ets
Esti
mati
on
targ
ets
Liv
ing
bio
mas
s &
Dea
d o
rgan
ic m
att
er
Carb
on s
tock c
hange =
(P
er
unit a
rea o
f carb
on s
tock c
hange)
* A
rea
Pa
ram
ete
r
Activity d
ata
So
il
Carb
on s
tock c
hange =
(P
er
unit a
rea o
f carb
on s
tock c
hange)
* A
rea / 2
0 y
ears
No
te:
It is a
ssum
ed
th
at th
e C
sto
ck t
ran
sitio
n c
om
ple
tes w
ith
in2
0 y
ea
rs.
Ex
ce
pti
on
al:
Fo
res
t la
nd
(D
ea
d o
rga
nic
ma
tte
r &
So
il)
CE
NT
UR
Y-j
fos
mo
del is
use
d.
Para
mete
rs: M
ostly c
ountr
y-s
pecific
para
mete
rs a
re u
sed.
Activity d
ata
: N
atio
na
l sta
tistics a
re u
se
d.
34
LU
LU
CF
LU
LU
CF
Basic
esti
mati
on
ap
pro
ach
Basic
esti
mati
on
ap
pro
ach
A4-251
LU
LU
CF
LU
LU
CF
Fo
rest
lan
d a
rea a
nd
dis
trib
uti
on
Fo
rest
lan
d a
rea a
nd
dis
trib
uti
on
36
Inte
nsi
ve
ly
ma
na
ge
d
fore
sts,
41
%S
em
i-
na
tura
l
fore
sts,
53
%
Fo
rest
s w
ith
less
sta
nd
ing
tre
es,
5%
Ba
mb
oo
, 1
%
0
500
1000
1500
2000
12
34
56
78
910
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Area (Mha)
Ag
e c
lass
(1
= 5
ye
ars
)
Fo
rest
lan
d a
rea
fo
r e
ach
age
cla
ss
(In
ten
siv
ely
ma
na
ge
d f
ore
sts)
(Data
of 2006)
KP
-LU
LU
CF
39
A4-252
Co
nve
nti
on
Co
nve
nti
on
UN
FC
CC
Art
icle
s 4
and 1
2U
NF
CC
C A
rtic
les 4
and 1
2
UN
FC
CC
report
ing g
uid
elin
es
UN
FC
CC
report
ing g
uid
elin
es
(FC
CC
/SB
ST
A/2
00
6/9
)(F
CC
C/S
BS
TA
/200
6/9
)
40
KP
KP
-- LU
LU
CF
LU
LU
CF
Rep
ort
ing
req
uir
em
en
tsR
ep
ort
ing
req
uir
em
en
ts
Kyo
to P
roto
co
lK
yo
to P
roto
co
l
KP
Art
icle
s 3
.3 a
nd 3
.4K
P A
rtic
les 3
.3 a
nd 3
.4
Decis
ion 6
/ C
MP
.3D
ecis
ion 6
/ C
MP
.3
(FC
CC
/KP
/CM
P/2
00
7/9
/Add
.2)
(FC
CC
/KP
/CM
P/2
00
7/9
/Add
.2)
KP
3.3
(M
and
ate
):K
P 3
.3 (
Ma
nd
ate
):••
Aff
ore
sta
tio
nA
ffo
resta
tio
n, ,
••R
efo
resta
tio
n,
Re
fore
sta
tio
n,
••D
efo
resta
tio
nD
efo
resta
tio
n
KP
3.4
(E
lecte
d):
KP
3.4
(E
lecte
d):
••F
ore
st M
an
ag
em
en
t,
Fo
rest M
an
ag
em
en
t,
••C
ropla
nd M
an
ag
em
ent,
Cro
pla
nd M
an
ag
em
ent,
••G
razin
g land M
an
agem
ent,
Gra
zin
g land M
an
agem
ent,
••R
eV
eg
eta
tion
Re
Veg
eta
tion
Ja
pa
n r
ep
ort
s G
HG
em
issio
ns
an
d r
em
ova
ls a
sso
cia
ted
with
the
se
activitie
s.
As p
art
of
su
pp
lem
en
tary
in
form
atio
n u
nd
er
KP
art
icle
7.1
.(D
ecis
ion
15
/CM
P.1
)
KP
KP
-- LU
LU
CF
LU
LU
CF
Em
issio
ns &
Rem
ovals
in
FY
2009
Em
issio
ns &
Rem
ovals
in
FY
2009
KP
-
3.3
Aff
ore
sta
tio
n-0
.4
Re
fore
sta
tio
n
De
fore
sta
tio
n3.1
KP
-
3.4
Fo
rest
Ma
na
ge
me
nt
Ma
na
ge
d f
ore
st
-49.0
Reveg
eta
tion
Urb
an p
ark
s, G
reen a
rea
on
ro
ad
,etc.
-0.8
Cro
pla
nd
Ma
na
ge
me
nt
--
Gra
zin
g land
Ma
na
ge
me
nt
--
ele
cte
d
(Mt-
CO
2,2
009)
41
-46.3
(Mt-
CO
2)
ele
cte
d
Plu
s: E
mis
sio
n,
Min
us: R
em
oval
No
te:
Th
ese
are
pro
vis
ion
al valu
es,
sin
ce
Ja
pan
will
rep
ort
the
fin
al va
lue
s f
or
5 y
ea
rs
(20
08
-2
01
2)
in t
he
en
d o
f th
e K
P f
irst com
mitm
en
t p
erio
d (
i.e
., 2
01
4).
-47.1
(Mt-
CO
2)
Eq
uiv
ale
nt
to
3.7
% o
f G
HG
em
issio
ns
of
the
KP
ba
se
ye
ar
43
Gappei
Gappeishori
shori
johkasou
johkasou
Ja
pa
nJ
ap
an
’’ s G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nve
nto
rys
Gre
en
ho
us
e G
as
In
ve
nto
ry
Secto
r 6
Secto
r 6
Waste
Waste
A4-253
44
Wa
ste
Se
cto
rW
as
te S
ec
tor
Backg
rou
nd
In
form
ati
on
Backg
rou
nd
In
form
ati
on
�W
aste
are
cla
ssifie
d into
“m
unic
ipal w
aste
”and
“industr
ial w
aste
”, in a
ccord
ance w
ith J
apanese
regula
tions.
�In
dustr
ial w
aste
is c
ate
gorized into
tw
enty
types o
f w
aste
under
the W
aste
Managem
ent Law
from
busin
ess a
ctivitie
s.
�M
unic
ipal w
aste
is o
ther
waste
to b
e tre
ate
d b
y
munic
ipalit
ies a
nd is c
lassifie
d into
“m
unic
ipal solid
w
aste
”and “
hum
an e
xcre
ment”
.
Wa
ste
Se
cto
r W
as
te S
ec
tor
Am
ou
nt
of
Waste
gen
era
ted
in
Jap
an
Am
ou
nt
of
Waste
gen
era
ted
in
Jap
an
•U
ntil aro
und F
Y1
99
0, th
e
am
ou
nt o
f g
en
era
ted
mu
nic
ipa
l a
nd
in
du
str
ial w
aste
ha
d in
cre
ase
d.
•F
rom
FY
19
90
, th
ea
mo
un
t o
f
ge
ne
rate
d w
aste
ha
ve
rem
ain
ed
ro
ug
hly
un
ch
an
ge
d. 4
5
Re
cyc
lin
g
Re
cyc
lin
g
rate
rate
Fin
al
dis
po
sa
l F
ina
l d
isp
osa
l
am
ou
nt
am
ou
nt
FY
1990
5.3
%16.8
Mt
FY
2007
20
.3%
6.3
Mt
Munic
ipal w
aste
Munic
ipal w
aste
��6
.A
So
lid W
aste
Dis
po
sa
l o
n L
an
d (
CH
6.A
S
olid
Waste
Dis
po
sa
l o
n L
an
d (
CH
44))
••6
.A.1
Ma
na
ge
d W
aste
Dis
po
sa
l o
n L
an
d6
.A.1
Ma
na
ge
d W
aste
Dis
po
sa
l o
n L
an
d
••6.A
.3 O
ther
6.A
.3 O
ther
��6.B
W
aste
wate
r H
an
dlin
g (
CH
6.B
W
aste
wate
r H
an
dlin
g (
CH
44, N
, N
22O
)O
)
••6
.B.1
In
du
str
ial W
aste
wa
ter
6.B
.1 In
du
str
ial W
aste
wa
ter
••6
.B.2
Do
me
stic a
nd
Co
mm
erc
ial W
aste
wa
ter
6.B
.2 D
om
estic a
nd
Co
mm
erc
ial W
aste
wa
ter
��6.C
W
aste
Incin
era
tion (
CO
6.C
W
aste
Incin
era
tion (
CO
22, C
H, C
H44, N
, N
22O
)O
)
••6.C
.1 Incin
era
tio
n6.C
.1 Incin
era
tio
n
••6.C
.2 U
se
d a
s A
ltern
ative F
uels
or
Ra
w M
ate
rials
6.C
.2 U
se
d a
s A
ltern
ative F
uels
or
Ra
w M
ate
rials
��6.D
O
ther
(CO
6.D
O
ther
(CO
22, C
H, C
H44))
••D
eco
mp
ositio
n o
f P
etr
ole
um
De
co
mp
ositio
n o
f P
etr
ole
um
-- De
rive
d S
urf
acta
nts
De
rive
d S
urf
acta
nts
••C
om
po
stin
gC
om
po
stin
g
�G
HG
(C
O2, N
2O
, C
H4)
em
issio
ns r
esu
ltin
g f
rom
wa
ste
m
an
agem
ent
an
d t
reatm
en
t a
ctivitie
s (
exce
pt
CO
2em
issio
ns
of
bio
genic
origin
)
Waste
secto
rW
aste
secto
r
Cate
go
ries
Cate
go
ries
46
A4-254
Waste
secto
r W
aste
secto
r
6A
. S
olid
Wa
ste
Dis
po
sa
l o
n L
an
d (
CH
6A
. S
olid
Wa
ste
Dis
po
sa
l o
n L
an
d (
CH
44))
48
Ma
na
ge
d lan
dfill
(An
ae
rob
ic,
in K
ore
a)
1.
IPC
C g
uid
elin
e
�M
an
ag
ed
la
nd
fill
◎Id
entify
dis
posal sites
◎M
anaged s
cavengin
g
◎M
anaged fir
e d
isaste
r
○C
overt
ure
, M
echanic
al com
pre
ssio
n,
Land levelin
g
�U
n-m
ana
ged
lan
dfill
Absent in
Japan
1.
Managed landfill
�A
ero
bic
�S
em
i-ae
robic
�A
na
ero
bic
2.
Japan s
pecific
sub-c
ate
gory
�In
appro
priate
dis
posal
�R
egard
ed a
s a
managed landfill
�A
naero
bic
�R
eport
ed for
identified a
mount
Waste
secto
r W
aste
secto
r
6B
. W
as
tew
ate
r H
an
dlin
g (
CH
6B
. W
as
tew
ate
r H
an
dlin
g (
CH
44,
N,
N22O
)O
)
49
�V
arious e
mis
sio
n s
ourc
e
•In
dustr
ial w
aste
wa
ter
•Se
wa
ge
tre
atm
ent
pla
nts
•Johkasou
・・・e
tc.
�Ja
pan
sp
ecific
estim
atio
n
me
tho
d
•Use
BO
D m
eth
od f
or
Ind
ustr
ial w
aste
wa
ter
ha
ndlin
g
・・・e
tc.
Cate
go
ry
Typ
e E
stim
ated
F
orm
s o
f T
reat
men
t C
H4
N2O
6.B
.1.
(8.3
.1)
Ind
ust
rial
was
tew
ate
r (S
ew
ag
e tr
eatm
en
t p
lan
ts)
○
○
6.B
.2.
(8.3
.2)
Do
mes
tic/c
om
mer
cia
l
wast
ew
ater
Sew
age
trea
tmen
t p
lants
(8
.3.2
.1)
○
○
Do
mes
tic
wast
ew
ate
r
treat
men
t fa
cili
ties
(mai
nly
se
pti
c
tan
ks)
(8.3
.2.2
)
Co
mm
un
ity p
lan
t ○
○
Ga
pp
ei-
sho
ri j
oh
kaso
u
○
○
Tan
do
ku
-sh
ori
jo
hka
sou
○
○
Vau
lt t
oil
et
○
○
Hu
man
was
te t
reat
men
t
faci
liti
es (
8.3
.2.3
)
Hig
h-l
oad
d
enit
rifi
cati
on
trea
tmen
t ○
○
Mem
bra
ne
sep
arat
ion
○
○
An
aero
bic
tre
atm
ent
○
○
Aer
ob
ic t
reat
men
t ○
Sta
nd
ard
d
en
itri
ficat
ion
trea
tmen
t ○
Oth
er
○
Deg
rad
atio
n o
f
do
mest
ic w
aste
wat
er
in n
atu
re (
8.3
.2.4
)
Dis
charg
e o
f u
ntr
eate
d
do
mes
tic w
aste
wat
er
Tan
do
ku
-sh
ori
jo
hka
sou
○
○
Vau
lt t
oil
et
○
○
On
-sit
e tr
eatm
en
t ○
○
Slu
dg
e d
isp
osa
l at
sea
H
um
an w
aste
slu
dge
○
○
Sew
age
slud
ge
○
○
Wa
ste
Se
cto
rW
as
te S
ec
tor
6C
. W
aste
In
cin
era
tio
n (
CO
6C
. W
aste
In
cin
era
tio
n (
CO
22))
�A
ctivity d
ata
: A
mount of w
aste
incin
era
ted, t
�E
mis
sio
n facto
r: A
mount of
CO
2 e
mitte
d p
er
unit o
f w
aste
in
cin
era
ted, kg C
O2/t
AD
MS
W p
lastics (d
ry b
asis
) =
am
ou
nt of
pla
stics in
cin
era
ted
x p
erc
en
tag
e
of
so
lids
AD
MS
W s
ynth
etic te
xtile
scra
ps (d
ry b
asis
) =
am
ou
nt o
f te
xtile
scra
ps in
cin
era
ted
x p
erc
en
tag
e o
f so
lids x
pe
rce
nta
ge
of
syn
the
tic f
ibe
r co
nte
nt
in te
xtile
scra
ps
EF
CO
2=
10
00
[kg
] ×
Ca
rbo
n c
on
ten
t ×
Co
mb
ustio
n r
ate
×4
4/1
2
�C
co
nte
nt:
co
un
try-s
pe
cific
da
ta�
Co
mb
ustio
n r
ate
: a
de
fau
lt v
alu
e in
th
e G
PG
20
00
�D
ata
are
de
rive
d f
rom
do
mestic s
tatistics a
nd
su
rve
y
50
51
Part
II:
P
art
II:
Su
mm
ary
Su
mm
ary
Ag
ricu
ltu
re S
ecto
r
Sin
ce c
ountr
y-s
pecific
EF
sare
applie
d to the
estim
ation, G
HG
em
issio
ns fro
m this
secto
r should
reflect Japan’s
conditio
n w
ell.
LU
LU
CF
Secto
r
Countr
y-s
pecific
estim
ation m
eth
odolo
gie
s a
re a
pplie
d
to the e
stim
ation. D
ata
colle
ction o
f bio
mass s
tock in
fore
st has b
een c
onducte
d a
nnually
sin
ce 2
005.
Waste
Secto
r
Polic
y for
waste
managem
ent tr
iggere
d the d
ecre
ase
in a
mount of final dis
posal and a
ltern
atively
the
incre
ase in a
mount of w
aste
incin
era
ted.
A4-255
52
Ap
pe
nd
ixA
pp
en
dix
Ho
w t
o h
an
dle
H
ow
to
ha
nd
le ““
lac
k o
f d
ata
lac
k o
f d
ata
””
Wh
at
wo
uld
we d
o if
Ac
tivit
y D
ata
W
ha
t w
ou
ld w
e d
o if
Ac
tivit
y D
ata
co
uld
no
t b
e o
bta
ine
d?
co
uld
no
t b
e o
bta
ine
d?
•E
stim
ate
fro
m o
the
r sta
tistics
–W
aste
Incin
era
tion –
com
posite fib
er
•E
sta
blis
h n
ew
sta
tistics
–N
ew
energ
y b
ala
nce s
heet
–N
ational F
ore
st R
esourc
e D
ata
Base
–D
igestion o
f sew
age s
ludge for
bio
gas
53
Wh
at
wo
uld
we d
o if
Ac
tivit
y D
ata
W
ha
t w
ou
ld w
e d
o if
Ac
tivit
y D
ata
co
uld
no
t b
e o
bta
ine
d?
co
uld
no
t b
e o
bta
ine
d?
•C
on
su
lt w
ith
exp
ert
s
•C
on
su
lt w
ith
re
leva
nt m
inis
trie
s/c
om
pa
nie
s
–E
sta
blis
h/im
pro
ve s
tatistics
–D
irect data
subm
issio
n
•T
he
co
mm
itte
e a
pp
rove
s th
e d
ata
co
llectio
n s
yste
m
54
Wh
o p
ays
fo
r e
sta
blis
hin
gW
ho
pa
ys
fo
r e
sta
blis
hin
g
Em
iss
ion
Fa
cto
rs?
Em
iss
ion
Fa
cto
rs?
•F
un
ds fro
m M
oE
–G
enera
l
–W
aste
•F
un
ds fro
m o
the
r m
inis
trie
s
–A
griculture
–F
ore
str
y
•C
oo
pe
ratio
n o
f p
riva
te c
om
pa
nie
s
–In
dustr
ial P
rocesses
55
A4-256
Thank y
ou f
or
your
att
ention
GIO
Web
site
: htt
p:/
/ww
w-g
io.n
ies.
go.j
p/i
ndex
.htm
l
NIR
of
Jap
an:
htt
p:/
/ww
w-g
io.n
ies.
go.j
p/a
bou
tgh
g/n
ir/n
ir-e
.htm
l
WG
IA:
htt
p:/
/ww
w-g
io.n
ies.
go.j
p/w
gia
/wgia
ind
ex-e
.htm
l
������
��
���
A4-257
Inve
nto
ry a
nd
Mit
iga
tio
nIn
ve
nto
ry a
nd
Mit
iga
tio
n
Fo
r T
GO
(T
hailan
d),
31 A
ug
ust
2011
Fo
r T
GO
(T
hailan
d),
31 A
ug
ust
2011
Keiz
o H
irai
Keiz
o H
irai
Gre
en
ho
use G
as In
ven
tory
Off
ice o
f Jap
an
(G
IO)
Gre
en
ho
use G
as In
ven
tory
Off
ice o
f Jap
an
(G
IO)
Cen
ter
for
Glo
bal E
nvir
on
men
tal R
esearc
h (
CG
ER
)C
en
ter
for
Glo
bal E
nvir
on
men
tal R
esearc
h (
CG
ER
)
Nati
on
al In
sti
tute
fo
r E
nvir
on
men
tal S
tud
ies (
NIE
S)
Nati
on
al In
sti
tute
fo
r E
nvir
on
men
tal S
tud
ies (
NIE
S)
ww
ww
ww
-- gio
@n
ies.g
o.jp
gio
@n
ies.g
o.jp
Cli
ma
te c
ha
ng
es o
n a
glo
ba
l sc
ale
: A
ver
ag
ed s
urf
ace
-
tem
per
atu
re r
ises
, se
a-l
evel
ris
es a
nd
glo
ba
l
pre
cip
ita
tio
n-p
att
ern
ch
an
ges
etc
.
Gre
en H
ou
se G
ase
s h
av
e b
een
in
crea
sin
g d
ue
to h
um
an
act
ivit
ies
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Inven
tory
an
d M
itig
ati
on
In
ven
tory
an
d M
itig
ati
on
➢F
or
act
ing
as
Indic
esof
Mit
igati
on
Mea
sure
s,
Na
tio
na
l G
HG
In
ven
tory s
hou
ld b
e:
Tra
nsp
are
nt,
Con
sist
ent,
Com
para
ble
, C
om
ple
te a
nd
A
ccu
rate
➢N
ati
on
al
/ S
tate
goal
is t
o r
edu
ce G
HG
s n
ot
to s
ub
mit
a r
epo
rt
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Inven
tory
an
d M
itig
ati
on
In
ven
tory
an
d M
itig
ati
on
M
itig
ati
on
Act
ion
s in
a s
ust
ain
able
man
ner
Inve
nto
ry=
Index
(In
dic
es)
Set
tin
g P
lan
Ta
rg
et
/ F
ocu
s/M
ea
sures
Imp
lem
en
tati
on
of
Mit
iga
tio
n M
ea
sures
Rev
iew
of
Imp
lem
enta
tion
-Res
ult
s
Mo
ve t
o N
ext
or
Mo
dif
y t
he
pla
n
On
e ye
ar
for
on
e C
ycle
is
reco
mm
end
ed /
An
nu
al
Inve
nto
ry i
s re
com
men
ded
A4-258
"M
ontr
eal P
roto
col“
Halo
carb
ons
Abbre
via
ted
Nam
e
OD
P, O
zone
Deple
tion
Pote
ntial
GW
P
Abolit
ion D
ue-
Date
for
Develo
ped
Countr
ies
Abolit
ion D
ue-
Date
for
Develo
pin
g
Countr
ies
CFC
, C
hlo
ro
Flu
oro
Carb
on
11
1.0
3,800
Befo
re 1
996
Befo
re 2
010
12
1.0
8,100
113
0.8
4,800
114
1.0
-
115
0.6
-
Halo
n, Alk
yl
Halide w
ith B
r
1211
3.0
-
Befo
re 1
994
Befo
re 2
010
1301
10
5,400
2402
6.0
-
Bro
mom
eth
ane
-0.60
-Befo
re 2
005
Befo
re 2
015
HC
FC
, H
ydro
Chlo
ro F
luoro
Carb
on
22
0.055
1,500
Befo
re 2
020
Aft
er
2030
142b
0.065
1,800
123
0.020
90
124
0.022
470
141b
0.11
-
225ca
0.025
-
225cb
0.033
-
Refe
rence: "UN E
nvironm
ent
Pro
gra
mm
e", "
White P
aper
on E
nvironm
ent
by
Japanese M
inis
try o
f Environm
ent"
, "Second A
ssessm
ent
Report
by IPC
C"
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
Gre
en H
ouse G
as
GW
P
SF6
23,9
00
PFC
-14 (C
F4)
6,5
00
PFC
-116(C
2F6)
9,2
00
HFC
s, Hydro
Flu
oro
Carb
on
23
11,7
00
32
650
125
2,8
00
134a
1,3
00
143a
3,8
00
152a
140
227ea
2,9
00
236fa
6,3
00
43-10m
ee
1300
Refe
rence: "Second A
ssessm
ent
Report
by IPC
C”
, “IP
CC
-G
uid
e L
ine"
IPC
C R
evis
ed
1996 G
uid
elin
es
Tie
r 1=
Po
ten
tial
or
Ba
sic
Tie
r 1 a
: E
mis
sio
n=
Pro
du
ced
+ I
mp
ort
ed
-Exp
ort
ed
in
bu
lk
Tie
r 1 b
: Im
po
rted
= I
mp
ort
ed
in
bu
lk +
Qu
an
tity
in
im
po
rted
pro
du
cts
wh
ich
co
nta
ins H
FC
s
Exp
ort
ed
= E
xp
ort
ed
in
bu
lk +
Qu
an
tity
in
exp
ort
ed
pro
du
cts
wh
ich
co
nta
ins H
FC
s
Tie
r 2=
Actu
al E
mis
sio
n=Σ
(1),
(2)
an
d (
3)
(1)E
mis
sio
ns d
uri
ng
syste
m m
an
ufa
ctu
re/a
ss
em
bly
in
year
(2)E
mis
sio
ns d
uri
ng
syste
m o
pera
tio
n i
n y
ear
(3)E
mis
sio
ns
at
syste
m d
isp
osal
in y
ear
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
Belo
w G
reen H
ouse G
ases a
re
Flu
orinate
d S
ubstitu
tes f
or
Ozone D
eple
ting S
ubsta
nces
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
CO2-eq. (Gg)
Co
mp
ari
son
be
twe
en
Po
ten
tia
l a
nd
Act
ua
l E
mis
sio
ns
SF6
PFCs
HFCs
Fra
me l
ined
:
Actu
al
Em
issio
n
Tie
r 2,
CS
Th
e p
ote
nti
al
met
hod
is
lik
ely
to o
vers
tate
em
issi
on
s
In c
ase
of
usi
ng
19
96
Rev
ised
Gu
ide
Lin
es,
Tie
r 2
Met
ho
d s
ho
uld
be
tak
en
No
-Fra
me:
Po
ten
tial
Em
issio
n
Tie
r 1 M
eth
od
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
1996 IP
CC
Revis
ed
Gu
idelin
es:
Tie
r 1
met
ho
d =
Pote
nti
al
Em
issi
on
/ T
ier
2 m
eth
od
= A
ctu
al
Em
issi
on
➢T
ier
1 m
eth
od
: N
o t
ak
ing
in
to a
cco
un
t th
e ti
me
lag
bet
wee
n
con
sum
pti
on
an
d e
mis
sio
n e
ven
th
ou
gh
a c
hem
ica
l p
lace
d i
n a
new
pro
du
ct
(eq
uip
men
t) m
ay
on
ly s
low
ly l
eak
.
20
06
IP
CC
Gu
ide
lin
es
:
Bo
th T
ier
1 &
Tie
r 2
met
ho
d =
Act
ual
Em
issi
on
➢F
or
Tie
r 1
, co
mp
osi
te e
mis
sio
n f
act
ors
are
sh
ow
n a
s d
efau
lts
on
T
ab
le 7
.9 o
n p
ag
e 7
.52
.
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
A4-259
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
CO2-eq. (Gg)
Act
ua
l E
mis
sio
n o
f F-g
ase
s
SF6
PFCs
HFCs
Re
ce
nt
Tre
nd
SF6
:De
cre
asi
ng
PF
Cs
:De
cre
asi
ng
HF
Cs
:In
cre
asi
ng
HF
Cs
are
th
e m
ost
co
nce
rned
F
luo
rin
ate
d-g
as
fo
r J
AP
AN
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
SF
6h
ad
alr
ead
y d
ecre
ase
d b
y In
du
stri
es’
tak
ing
act
ion
s
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
19951997199920012003200520072009
CO2-eq.(Gg)
PFC
s-A
ctu
al E
mis
sio
n
Em
issi
on
fro
m
solv
en
t
Em
issi
on
du
rin
g
Pro
du
ctio
n o
f P
FCs
Em
issi
on
fro
m
sem
ico
nd
uct
or-
ma
nu
fact
uri
ng
So
lve
nt
Use
de
cre
ase
d
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
PF
Cs
ha
d a
lrea
dy
dec
rea
sed b
y In
du
stri
es’
tak
ing
act
ion
s
0
50
00
10
00
0
15
00
0
20
00
0
25
00
0
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
20
05
20
07
20
09
CO2-eq. (Gg)
HF
Cs-
Act
ua
l E
mis
sio
n b
y C
ate
go
ry
2F
7.
Se
mic
on
du
cto
r
Ma
nu
fact
ure
2F
4.
Ae
roso
ls/
Me
tere
d
Do
se I
nh
ale
rs
2F
3.
Fire
Ex
tin
gu
ish
ers
2F
2.
Fo
am
Blo
win
g
2F
1.
Re
frig
era
tio
n a
nd
Air
Co
nd
itio
nin
g E
qu
ipm
en
t
2E
2.
Fu
git
ive
Em
issi
on
s
2E
1.
by
Pro
du
ct E
mis
sio
ns
fro
m H
CFC
-22
Pro
du
ctio
n
HF
Cs
-Pro
du
cti
on
faci
liti
es
we
re
eq
uip
pe
dw
ith
De
stru
cti
on
Un
its
Co
nce
rnin
g H
FC
s,
“R
efri
ger
ati
on
an
d A
ir-C
on
dit
ion
ing
”is
th
e m
ost
co
nce
rned
C
ate
go
ry
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
A4-260
“C
om
mer
cia
l R
efri
ger
ati
on
(B
ig s
cale
, N
ot
Ho
use
Ho
ld)”
is t
he
mo
st
Co
nce
rned
S
ub
-Ca
teg
ory
0
20
00
40
00
60
00
80
00
10
00
0
12
00
0
14
00
0
16
00
0
18
00
0
CO2-eq. (Gg)
HF
Cs-A
ctu
al
Em
issi
on
fro
m R
efr
ige
rati
on
an
d A
ir-
Co
nd
itio
nin
g E
qu
ipm
en
tD
om
esti
c R
efr
ige
rati
on
Au
tom
ati
c V
en
din
g
Ma
chin
e
Co
mm
erc
ial
Refr
ige
rati
on
Sta
tio
nary
Air
-
Co
nd
itio
nin
g (
ho
useh
old
)
Mo
bil
e A
ir-C
on
dit
ion
ing
Le
ak
ag
e d
uri
ng
ca
r-u
se
33
% I
mp
rov
ed
e
tc.
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
Th
e n
um
ber
of
“C
om
mer
cia
l R
efri
ger
ato
r”is
th
e sm
all
est,
ho
wev
er
Th
e em
issi
on
is
the
larg
est
bec
au
se i
t h
as
a l
ot
of
refr
iger
an
tp
er e
qu
ipm
ent
0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
12000000
14000000
16000000
18000000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Number
Nu
mb
er o
f P
ro
du
cti
on
Mo
bil
e A
ir-
Co
nd
itio
nin
g
Sta
tio
na
ry A
ir-
Co
nd
itio
nin
g
Co
mm
erc
ial
Re
frig
era
tio
n
20
09
: P
rod
uct
ion
Do
wn
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
“S
ub
stit
uti
ng
HC
FC
to
Lo
w G
WP
Ref
rig
era
nt”
sho
uld
be
do
ne
pro
mp
tly
By “
Glo
bal W
arm
ing,
Chem
ical an
d B
io S
ub-G
roup, IN
DU
STR
IAL S
TR
UC
TU
RE C
OU
NC
IL”
in
“M
inis
try o
f Econom
y T
rade a
nd Indust
ry”
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
2n
dR
easo
n w
hy
emis
sio
n
from
Com
mer
cia
l
Ref
rig
era
tio
n i
s so
hig
h:
Su
bst
itu
tio
n f
rom
HC
FC
to
HF
C R
40
4A
(OD
P=
0,
GW
P=
37
50
)etc
.
ha
s b
een
On
Go
ing
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
Mo
bil
e A
ir-C
on
dit
ion
ing
Co
un
try S
pe
cif
ic I
nd
ex
fo
r c
alc
ula
tin
g H
FC
s-E
mis
sio
ns
fro
m C
ars
Index
Unit
Car
pro
duction w
ith H
FC
-Air-C
onditio
nin
g1,0
00 v
ehic
les
Em
issio
n d
uring p
roduction
g /
vehic
le
All C
ars
havin
g H
FC
-Air-C
onditio
nin
g
1,0
00 v
ehic
les
Avera
ge fille
d r
efr
igera
nt p
er car
g /
vehic
le
Fugitiv
e refrig
era
nt
per car during u
sage
g/vehic
le
Repairin
g ratio
%
Fugitiv
e r
efrig
era
nt
rate
per
repaired c
ar
%
Com
ple
tely
collapsed c
ar
1,0
00 v
ehic
les
Fugitiv
e refrig
era
nt
per com
ple
tely
collapsed
car
g /
vehic
le
Scra
pped c
ar
1,0
00 v
ehic
les
Fugitiv
e r
efr
igera
nt
per
scra
pped c
ar
g /
vehic
le
Recycle
d am
ounts
t
Em
issio
ns o
f HFC
-134a
t
GW
P----
Em
issio
n d
uri
ng
Pro
du
cti
on
Em
issio
n d
uri
ng
Usag
e
Em
issio
n f
rom
Rep
air
ing
Em
issio
n f
rom
Co
mp
lete
ly
Co
llap
sed
Em
issio
n f
rom
Scra
p
Refe
ren
ce
: N
ati
on
al G
reen
ho
use G
as In
ven
tory
Rep
ort
an
d C
RF
of
JA
PA
N
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
A4-261
Mo
bil
e A
ir-C
on
dit
ion
ing
, R
ec
yc
lin
g f
rom
Sc
rap
pe
d C
ars
-1500
-1000
-5000
500
1000
1500
2000
19951997199920012003200520072009
CO2-eq. (Gg)
Em
issio
n a
nd
Re
mo
va
l (R
ecy
cle
) o
f H
FC
fro
m S
cra
pp
ed
Ca
rs
Em
issi
on
fro
m s
cra
p
be
fore
re
cy
cle
Re
cy
cle
d
“A
ct
on
Recyclin
g, etc
.
of
En
d-o
f-L
ife V
eh
icle
s”
Act
(Law
) as M
itig
ati
on
-Mea
su
re s
eem
s v
ery
eff
ecti
ve f
or
Cars
.
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
Te
nta
tiv
e E
F (
sim
ple
in
de
x)
of
Mo
bile
Air
-Co
nd
itio
nin
g
Te
nta
tiv
ely
Ca
lcu
late
d C
S E
mis
sio
n F
ac
tor
for
Au
tom
ob
ile
s:
54
in
FY
20
00
,
48
in
FY
2005, 3
9 i
n F
Y2
00
9
Em
issio
n(G
g C
O2-e
q. ）=
Ab
ov
e E
F×
Nu
mb
er
of
Ca
rs c
on
tain
ing
HF
C-1
34a
Em
iss
ion
fro
m M
ob
ile
Air
-Co
nd
itio
nin
g h
as
be
en
im
pro
ve
d c
on
sis
ten
tly
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
Te
nta
tiv
e E
F (
sim
ple
in
de
x)
of
Sta
tio
na
ry A
ir-C
on
dit
ion
ing
(Ho
us
e H
old
)
Te
nta
tiv
ely
Ca
lcu
late
d C
S E
mis
sio
n F
ac
tor
for
Sta
tio
na
ry A
ir C
on
dit
ion
er:
38
in
FY
20
00
,
39
in
FY
2005, 4
9 i
n F
Y2
00
9
Em
issio
n(G
g C
O2-e
q. ）=
Ab
ov
e E
F×
Nu
mb
er
of
Air
-Co
nd
itio
ner
co
nta
inin
g H
FC
-32
/12
5
Em
iss
ion
fro
m S
tati
on
ary
Air
-Co
nd
itio
nin
g is
no
t s
o h
igh
co
mp
ara
tiv
ely
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
Te
nta
tiv
e E
F(s
imp
le in
de
x)
of
Co
mm
erc
ial R
efr
ige
rati
on
Ten
tati
vely
Calc
ula
ted
CS
Em
issio
n F
acto
r fo
r C
om
merc
ial R
efr
igera
tor:
15
0 i
n F
Y 2
000,
52
0 i
n F
Y 2
005, 9
00
in
FY
20
09
Em
issio
n(G
g C
O2-e
q. ）=
Ab
ov
e E
F×
Nu
mb
er
of
Co
mm
erc
ial R
efr
igera
tor
Re
co
nfi
rme
d t
ha
t
the
em
iss
ion
fro
m “
Co
mm
erc
ial R
efr
ige
rati
on
”s
ho
uld
be
fo
cu
se
d o
n
Re
fere
nc
e:
Na
tio
na
l G
ree
nh
ou
se
Ga
s I
nv
en
tory
Re
po
rt a
nd
CR
F o
f J
AP
AN
Case
Stu
dy-
1 (
Ind
ust
rial
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
A4-262
1.
PF
Cs
an
d S
F6 -e
mis
sio
ns
ha
d a
lrea
dy
dec
rea
sed
by
in
sta
lla
tio
n o
f d
estr
uct
ion
-
un
its
to p
rod
uct
ion
-lin
es.
2.
”H
FC
s”fr
om
“R
efri
ger
ati
on
an
d A
ir-C
on
dit
ion
ing
”is
on
e o
f th
e m
ost
con
cern
ed
ga
s/ca
tego
ry
for
Ja
pa
n.
Th
is i
ssu
e m
ay
be
no
t o
nly
fo
r J
apa
n b
ut
als
o f
or
all
Asi
an
co
un
trie
s.
So
, f
or
No
n A
nn
exⅠ
pa
rtie
s a
lso
, t
o e
stim
ate
HF
Cs
is h
igh
ly r
eco
mm
end
ed if
no
t ye
t.
3.
“C
om
mer
cia
l (B
ig S
cale
, N
ot
Ho
use
Ho
ld)R
efri
ger
ati
on
”is
th
e m
ost
co
nce
rned
sub
-ca
teg
ory
fo
r Ja
pa
n.
“S
ub
stit
uti
ng
HC
FC
to
New
lo
w-G
WP
ref
rig
era
nts
”is
the
1stp
rio
rity
Mit
iga
tio
n M
easu
re.
Su
mm
ary
of
Ca
se S
tud
y-1
(In
du
stri
al
Pro
cess
, H
FC
s)
�E
mis
sio
n f
rom
tra
nsp
ort
ati
on
co
nsi
sts
of
Civ
il A
via
tio
n,
Ro
ad
Tra
nsp
ort
ati
on
, R
ail
way
s a
nd
Na
vig
ati
on
�1
9%
of
na
tio
nal
tota
l em
issi
on
s is
fro
m T
ran
spo
rt S
ecti
on
�8
9%
of
tra
nsp
ort
em
issi
on
s is
fro
m R
oa
d T
ran
spo
rt
0.1
% C
H4
1%
N2O
89
% R
oad
Tra
nsp
ort
CO
2
0.3
% R
ailw
ay C
O2
5%
Na
vig
ation
CO
2
4%
Civ
il A
via
tion
CO
2
Ja
pa
n’s
To
tal
em
issio
ns
(2
00
9)
Ja
pa
n’s
Tra
ns
po
rt e
mis
sio
ns
(2
009
)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Case
Stu
dy-
2 (
Roa
d T
ran
sport
, C
O2)
Sta
tist
ical
Yearb
ook o
f M
oto
r Vehic
le
Tra
nsp
ort
Sta
tist
ical
Yearb
ook o
f Coast
wis
e
Vess
el
Tra
nsp
ort
Sta
tist
ical
Yearb
ook o
f Railw
ay
Tra
nsp
ort
Sta
tist
ical
Yearb
ook o
f Air T
ransp
ort
Pri
ma
ry s
tati
stic
s b
y
Min
istr
y o
f L
an
d,
Infr
ast
ruct
ure
, T
ran
spo
rt a
nd
To
uri
sm (
ML
IT)
Genera
l energ
y st
atist
ics
(Energ
y Bala
nce T
able
)
Ro
ad
Avia
tio
nN
avig
ati
on
Tra
in
GHG Invento
ry
Import
Export
ProductionData
Case
Stu
dy-
2 (
Roa
d T
ran
sport
, C
O2)
Sta
tist
ica
l Y
earb
oo
k o
f M
oto
r V
ehic
le T
ran
sport
Passe
nger Car
Passe
nger Bus
Fre
ight Tru
ck
and L
orr
y
Private
use
Com
merc
ial use
Private
use
Com
merc
ial use
Private
use
Com
merc
ial use
�‘F
uel
co
nsu
mp
tio
n’
�‘T
rav
el d
ista
nce
’b
ase
d o
n t
rav
el d
ista
nce
met
er.
�‘T
ran
spo
rt f
req
uen
cy’
�‘P
ass
eng
er t
ran
spo
rt v
olu
me’
(pa
ssen
ger
s-k
m)
�‘C
arg
o t
ran
spo
rt v
olu
me’
(to
ns-
km
)
Case
Stu
dy-
2 (
Roa
d T
ran
sport
, C
O2)
A4-263
Mit
igati
on
Mea
sure
s
Ind
ust
ries
Ori
ente
d:
➢T
ech
nic
al
Imp
rovem
ent
of
Au
tom
ob
iles
(Su
pp
ort
ed b
y N
ati
on
al/
Sta
te-A
ct/L
aw
)
Go
ver
nm
ent
Ori
ente
d:
�R
edu
ctio
n o
f tr
aff
ic j
am
�P
rom
oti
on
of
pu
bli
c tr
an
sport
uti
liza
tio
n
�E
co-D
riv
e p
rom
oti
on
act
ivit
ies
(Ba
sed
on
Reg
ula
tion
s)
Case
Stu
dy-
2 (
Roa
d T
ran
sport
, C
O2)
Top R
unner
Appro
ach
Ta
rge
t
ye
ar
Ave
rag
e g
as
mile
ag
es b
y c
ar-
typ
es a
re u
se
d f
or
jud
gm
en
t
Ba
se
ye
ar
�“T
op
Ru
nn
er
Ap
pro
ac
h”
by
th
e R
evis
ed “
Ac
t o
n t
he
Ra
tio
na
l U
se o
f E
ne
rgy”
sin
ce
19
98.
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
New
vehic
le a
vera
ge
(km
/L)
(ye
ar)
Sto
ck v
ehic
le a
vera
ge
Gasolin
e m
ileage f
or
passenger
vehic
le
Gas
mileag
e
Case
Stu
dy-
2 (
Roa
d T
ran
sport
, C
O2)
Ele
ctric
Vehic
le a
nd e
lectric
pow
er sta
tion
Ele
ctric
Vehic
le a
nd e
lectric
pow
er sta
tion
Case
Stu
dy-
2 (
Roa
d T
ran
sport
, C
O2)
Hybrid V
ehic
les
Hybrid V
ehic
les
TOYOTA
NISSAN
HONDA
➢G
ove
rnm
en
t S
up
po
rt:
“T
ax
bre
ak
fo
r e
co
-fri
en
dly
ve
hic
les
”
“S
tate
su
bsid
y p
rog
ram
fo
r e
co
-fri
en
dly
ve
hic
les
(ex
pir
ed
)”
Idling S
top V
ehic
les
Idling S
top V
ehic
les
MAZDA
➢T
he
emis
sio
n h
as
bee
n d
ecre
asi
ng
sin
ce 2
00
0 o
win
g t
o
imp
lem
enta
tio
n o
f “
Top
Ru
nn
er A
pp
roa
ch”
by
th
e R
evis
ed
“A
ct o
n t
he
Ra
tio
na
l U
se o
f E
ner
gy
“
Case
Stu
dy-
2 (
Roa
d T
ran
sport
, C
O2)
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
1990
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
CO2(kt)
CO2
Em
issi
on
fro
m R
oa
d T
ran
spo
rta
tio
n
A4-264
Su
mm
ary
of
Ca
se S
tud
y-2
(Roa
d T
ran
sport
, C
O2)
1.
”C
O2”
from
“R
oa
d T
ran
spo
rt”
is t
he
mo
st c
on
cern
ed
ga
s/ca
teg
ory
in
Tra
nsp
ort
ati
on
Sec
tio
n.
Th
is i
ssu
e m
ay
be
no
t o
nly
fo
r J
ap
an
bu
t a
lso
fo
r a
ll
Asi
an
cou
ntr
ies.
2.
Ca
r M
ak
ers-
ori
ente
d
tech
nic
al
imp
rove
men
t (
sup
po
rted
by
the
go
vern
men
t )
is
very
eff
ecti
ve a
s a
mit
iga
tio
n-m
easu
re i
n J
ap
an
.
3.
On
th
e co
ntr
ary
, G
ove
rnm
ent
-ori
ente
d m
itig
ati
on
-mea
sure
s c
on
cern
ing
“R
edu
ctio
n o
f tr
aff
ic j
am
”, “P
rom
oti
on
of
pu
bli
c tr
an
spo
rt u
tili
zati
on
”a
nd
“
Eco
-
Dri
ve p
rom
oti
on
act
ivit
ies”
seem
to
be
no
t so
eff
ecti
ve u
nti
l n
ow
in
Ja
pa
n.
1.
We
sho
uld
use
GH
G I
nve
nto
ry a
s in
dic
es f
or
Mit
iga
tio
n-P
DC
A.
2.
Tre
nd
an
aly
sis
is t
he
mo
st u
sefu
l m
easu
re .
So
, co
nsi
sten
t t
ime-
seri
es I
nve
nto
ry i
s n
eed
ed.
3.
No
n A
nn
ex1
pa
rtie
s n
eed
to
su
bm
it G
HG
In
ven
tory
per
iod
ica
lly
(typ
ica
lly,
eve
ry 4
-6
yea
rs)
as
pa
rt o
f N
ati
on
al
Co
mm
un
ica
tion
s.
Ho
wev
er,
4-6
yea
rs i
s to
o l
on
g t
o d
evel
op
Mit
iga
tio
nM
easu
res
an
d
to r
evie
w t
he
resu
lts
of
Mea
sure
s-Im
ple
men
tati
on
.
4.
Fo
r N
on
An
nex
1 p
art
ies
als
o, m
ak
ing
an
an
nu
al
Inve
nto
ry b
y
dis
ag
gre
ga
ted
met
ho
d i
s h
igh
ly r
ecom
men
ded
to
dec
rea
se G
HG
s
in y
ou
r co
un
try.
Su
mm
ary
of
In
ven
tory
an
d M
itig
ati
on
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A4-265
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