lab animal clinical management

Lab Animal Clinical

Management

Extra Credit• Please explain your position on biomedical

research and the use of animals in this field

• the more effort you put into this, the more credit will be awarded

• THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO PENALTY FOR HAVING A SEPARATE OPINION than my own. Please Please explain how you feel and why.

• written form is due Wednesday 3/5/14

• research - careful, patient, systematic, diligent inquiry or examination in a field of knowledge. undertaken to establish facts or principles

• human life expectancy 1900 - 49 yrs

• 2004 - 69.3

• Disease (USA) in millions

• 61.8 cardiovascular

• 50 hypertension

• 24 hearing disorders

• 20.5 cataracts

• 17 diabetes

• 0.7 leukemia

• 0.7 lymphoma

• 14 alcoholism

• 40.5 arthritis

• 4 Alzheimer’s

• 2 schizophrenia

• 0.4 MS

• 0.007 SIDS

Biomedical Research• area of science to investigate a biologic

process or disease

• comparative anatomy

• this information is used to discover or advance any area of medicine (including medications, surgical procedures, treatments/therapy)

• Prevent/Treat/Cure Disease in Animals and Humans

• 1940 - Polio

• by 1960 BMR had developed a vaccine and nearly irradiated the disease

• Antibiotics, Small Pox, Measles, Bone Marrow Transplants, Open-Heart Sx, pet meds/vax, human OTC, Rabies

• to name only a few - current research is moving toward improved treatments and cures for cancer, Avian Flu, Ebola, AIDS

• children outside of Third World Countries receive a polio vaccine in addition to typhus, diphtheria, whooping cough, smallpox, and tetanus

• Diabetes

• 1978 - canine population was struck suddenly with worldwide outbreak of severe vomiting, diarrhea (dehydration) and frequent death

• Parvo (similar to feline panleukopenia) - canine vaccine tested, approved, and produced within 1 year

• also FeLv, FIV

table 1.1 pg 3biomedical

breakthroughs

• husbandry

• nutrition

• behavior

• health

• reproduction

• herd health

• we must understand how to identify and treat stress and discomfort in the scope of the protocol

• biotechnological advancement

• genetic-engineering

• FDA

• EPA

• Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)

• OSHA

• cruelty-free products - either indirectly tested or just

plain untested - blindness, a med with a heinous side-effect

Where

• Universities

• Hospitals

• Pharmaceuticals

• Farms

• VTI

AALAS Myth Slides5-12

AALAS Jobs28-38

Independent Study• Regulations - very straight forward, no room for interpretation.

• You will be responsible for the following information come test time

• Animal Welfare Act

• Animal Welfare Information Center

• GLP pg 18

• Public Health Service

• The Guide

• IACUC

• AVMA

• OLAW

despite all my rage…

Euthanasia

• 95% of studies end in euthanasia

• AVMA Guideline for Humane Euthanasia

• VTI

• The protocol dictates which animals will be euthanized and at what point.

• This protocol is approved by the IACUC long before an animal is ever involved.

• It also details how euthanasia is to take place and who is responsible for this procedure (depending on samples that may need to be taken following euthanasia)

• methods

• CO2, Euthanex chamber

• Injectable

• YOU MUST BE TRAINED TO DO THIS

• Adoption

• Sanctuary - Chimp Haven, Bastrop,

• Retirement Sanctuary for Laboratory Animals

• Enrichment/Stress

• absolutely paramount on the part of the animal care staff.

• at minimum it affects research

• the effects of stress must be controlled or the data is useless

• parturition, breeding, serum chems, eating, enrichment, training, and the list goes on

• enrichment

Animal Rights vsAnimal Welfare

• cruel - VTI?

• dispassionate - proof?

• PETA - importance?

• animal rights vs animal welfare

• Sarah McLachlan

• Replace

• Reduce

• Refine

• the stereotypical rights activists

• does not believe in kenneling dogs

• zoos/aquariums

• food animals

• abstain from Western medicine

• broken hand, OTC meds, x-rays, sx, prosthetics

• Sarah McLachlan - distortion of facts

• Kill vs Euthanize

• Pets?

• Welfare - the physical and psychological needs of the animals are paramount - the welfare of a biomedical research animal are directly proportional to the welfare of mankind

• there is a perspective that paints BMR as painful and torturous. the vast majority of procedures are non-painful for the animals and the other are treated appropriately by the veterinary team with analgesia and swift euthanasia PRN

• these animals may experience disease in an effort to prevent or cure human disease

• PETA vs AMA - funding, public opinion

• always remember the 3 Rs

• extremists

• violent threats to doctors and staff at better-publicized institutions. labs are broken into, animals are stolen, equipment and data is destroyed

• worst case scenarios have involved violence and bombings