kick off september 25, 2013

Kick offSeptember 25, 2013

Define:- Medieval (362)- Christendom (363)- Abbot (364)- Benedictine Rule (364)- Monasticism (363)

How do religions spread? How does religion impact a society?

Early Middle Ages

England, 400s – Angles and Saxons establish kingdoms Converted to Christianity in the 500s

by Augustine of Canterbury Alfred the Great (ruler of England) pushed the Danes out of England Reorganized army, issued codes of law,

improved finances, established schools Gaul (France today) – Franks

Convert to Christianity

New Kingdoms in Europe

If you found something that you love, what would you do?

Christianity offers comfort, promise of happy afterlife, sense of community

Missionaries Augustine of Canterbury, Patrick (Ireland)

Gregory the Great Pope became one of the most influential

figures in Europe Augustine of Hippo

City of God God did not abandon Rome!

Christendom

Monks and Monasteries, p. 364 - 365

BENEDICTINES

CELTIC MONASTERIES

Benedictines Celtic Monasteries- Most common form in

Europe- Based on writings of

Benedict of Nursia (Italy 500s)

- Benedictine Rule- Benedict was first abbot,

or leader- Vows of poverty and

obedience- Prayer and labor- Farm work and copying

manuscripts (preserved knowledge of Greece and Rome)

- No central authority; each monastery run by abbot chosen by the monks or by a noble (independent)

- Monks ran schools- Centers of wealth and

power, as kings and nobles donated money or gifts in exchange for prayers

- Wealth led monasteries to become involved in politics as advisers and aides

- Ireland- More severe than

Benedictines- Long fasts and spent days in

solitary contemplation- Monasteries built on small

islands far offshore to separate monks from society (stay focused on faith)

- Led by abbots- Celtic abbots had more

power than Benedictine abbots

- Lindisfarne monastery - Scholars, ran schools- Active missionaries- Spread Christianity to British

Isles, France and Germany

Charlemagne’s Empire

Carolingians

Charles Martel Pippin III Charlemag

ne

Carolingians

• Charles Martel – political adviser and war leader for Frankish king

• Pippin III – first king in the family• Charlemagne – military power,

king of the Franks and Lombards, Emperor of the Roman People

Education Religion

Convert to Christianity, or be put to death

Law Recorded laws New laws based on

Christian teachings

A New Society

Vikings Northern Europe Sailors Viking Raids – looting,

selling people into slavery Leif Eriksson discovered

N. America, 1000s Magyars

Central Asia, nomadic Horses

Muslims

Invaders

1. What do you think caused the political boundaries in western Europe to change between 815 and 1215?

1. Territories merged together or were taken over by other leaders and were unified as kingdoms and empires.

2. What do you think happened during the Middle Ages to allow Christianity to spread so far in such a short period of time?

2. More territory was conquered, allowing for Christianity to spread quickly.

HomeworkDefine the following vocabulary words on your index cards.

•Muhammad (258)•Qur’an (259)•Five Pillars of

Islam (259)•Mosque (260)•Jihad (260)•Caliph (263)•Caliphate (263)•Sunnis (263)•Shia (264)•Minarets (274)

Cornell Notes - pages 257 – 261.