key events of the antebellum era - canyon crest academy...
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Key Events of the
Antebellum Era
The Road to the Civil War
US Constitution-1787• Protected slavery
with 3/5 Compromise.
• Allowed slave trade to continue until 1808.
• Ordered that fugitive slaves be returned to owners.
Missouri Compromise-1820
• Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.
• Made Missouri’s southern border the future dividing line for slave and free territory.
Mexican American War and
Wilmot Proviso-1846 to 1848
• Added new land to
the US with slavery
question to be
answered.
• Congressman
Wilmot failed in his
attempt to close this
land to slavery.
Compromise of 1850• Admitted California
as a free state.
• Slave question in other Mexican Cession lands would be decided by people who lived there.
• Slave trade ended in Washington, D.C. and new fugitive slave law would be enforced.
Henry Clay
Uncle Tom’s Cabin-1852
• Harriet Beecher
Stowe novel
sold two million
copies and
described the
terrible
conditions of
southern
slavery.
Kansas-Nebraska Act-1854
• Divided large piece of west into two regions that would decide on slavery for themselves under “popular sovereignty”.
• This idea replaced the Missouri Compromise.
Stephen Douglas
“Bleeding Kansas”-1856• People from both
sides of the slavery issue came to Kansas to vote.
• Fights, raids, and questionable elections resulted.
• Abolitionist John Brown led a raid that killed five men who favored slavery.
Bully Brooks Attacks Sumner in the
Senate-1856• Things came to a
“head” in the Senate when Representative Brooks (SC) beat Senator Sumner (MA) with a cane over insults made with respect to the slavery issue.
Dred Scott Decision-1857• Scott, a slave, sued
for his freedom because his master had taken him to free territory.
• Supreme Court disagreed, stating that slaves had no right to sue and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
Lincoln vs. Douglas Debates-1858
• Abraham Lincoln ran for Senate in Illinois against Stephen Douglas.
• Though Lincoln lost the election, he became a national figure as several debates highlighted the issues of popular sovereignty, slavery, and states’ rights.
John Brown’s Raid on
Harpers Ferry-1859• In hopes of starting a
slave revolt, John Brown broke into an army warehouse to steal weapons.
• Though captured and executed, it scared southerners to hear how far some northerners were willing to go to end slavery.
Lincoln Elected President-1860
• With Democrats split, Republican Lincoln won presidency.
• Though he said he would not challenge slavery where it already existed, South began to break away from the Union.
Southern Secession-1860
• Seven states seceded from the Union after Lincoln’s election.
• Formed Confederate States of America.
• Elected Jefferson Davis their president.
• Wrote Constitution that protected slavery. Jefferson Davis
Attack on Ft. Sumter-1861• Lincoln refused to
give up federal lands to CSA and Ft. Sumter (SC) was attacked in April.
• Four more southern states joined the Confederacy.
• The Civil War, a test of federal vs. state power over the slavery issue, had begun.
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