is there a way for these electronegative non-metals to stabilize?

Is there a way for these Is there a way for these electronegative non-metals to electronegative non-metals to

stabilize?stabilize?

What would you say to What would you say to two selfish kids two selfish kids

fighting over the same fighting over the same toy?toy?

What’s the Word?What’s the Word?

• The result from two non-The result from two non-metals sharing electrons.metals sharing electrons.

C O V A L E N TC O V A L E N TB O N DB O N D

SHARING ELECTRONSSHARING ELECTRONS

• Non-metals can and will share Non-metals can and will share electrons in order to stabilize.electrons in order to stabilize.

• Sharing electronsSharing electrons is called a is called aCovalent BondCovalent Bond.. Play Sharing

PlayCovalentBonding

Part 1

Hydrogen can share 1 electronHydrogen can share 1 electronwith itself to stabilize.with itself to stabilize.

1 P1 P1 N1 N

Fluorine can share 1 electronFluorine can share 1 electronwith itself to stabilize.with itself to stabilize.

9 P9 P10 N10 N

17 P17 P18 N18 N

Chlorine can share 1 electronChlorine can share 1 electronwith itself to stabilize.with itself to stabilize.

17 P17 P18 N18 N

ClClClCl

Cl2Cl2

35 P35 P45 N45 N

Bromine can share 1 electronBromine can share 1 electronwith itself to stabilize.with itself to stabilize.

35 P35 P45 N45 N

BrBr BrBr

Br2Br2

53P53P74N74N

Iodine can share 1 electronIodine can share 1 electronwith itself to stabilize.with itself to stabilize.

53P53P74N74N

Oxygen can share 2 electronsOxygen can share 2 electronswith itself to stabilize.with itself to stabilize.

8 P8 P8 N8 N

Nitrogen can share 3 electronsNitrogen can share 3 electronswith itself to stabilize.with itself to stabilize.

7 P7 P7 N7 N

What’s the Word?What’s the Word?

• Non-metalsNon-metals that will pair up that will pair upand share electrons with and share electrons with themselves, in order to stabilize.themselves, in order to stabilize.

D I A T O M I CD I A T O M I CM O L E C U L EM O L E C U L E

Did You Get It?Did You Get It?

• The result from a The result from a metalmetal giving giving electrons to a electrons to a non-metalnon-metal..

COVALENTCOVALENTBONDBOND

IONICIONICBONDBOND

Did You Get It?Did You Get It?

• The result from a The result from a non-metalsnon-metals sharing electrons.sharing electrons.

COVALENTCOVALENTBONDBOND

IONICIONICBONDBOND

DIDIATOMIC MOLECULESATOMIC MOLECULES

• ‘‘Two-Atom’ MoleculesTwo-Atom’ Molecules

• Non-metalsNon-metals that will pair up and that will pair up and share electrons with themselves in share electrons with themselves in order to temporarily stabilize.order to temporarily stabilize.

• SHARE 1: HSHARE 1: H22 F F2 2 ClCl22 Br Br22 I I22

• SHARE 2: OSHARE 2: O22

• SHARE 3: NSHARE 3: N22I Share Electrons

• Create a pneumonic thatCreate a pneumonic thathelps you remember the list.helps you remember the list.

•H F C B I H F C B I OO NN• HHydrogen ydrogen FFeels eels CComplete omplete BBecause ecause IIt’s t’s OOften ften NNice. ice.

•H F C B I H F C B I OO NN• HHot ot FFemales emales CCripple ripple BBoys’ oys’ IInternal nternal OOptic ptic NNerves. erves.

•NN F H I C F H I C O O BB• NNever ever FFear, ear, HHaveaveIIce ce CCOOld ld BBeer!eer!

• Create your own pneumonic thatCreate your own pneumonic thathelps you remember the list.helps you remember the list.

H F C B I H F C B I OO NN

LEWIS DOT DIAGRAMLEWIS DOT DIAGRAM

HHHHBALL & STICK MODELBALL & STICK MODEL

How would these two non-metalsHow would these two non-metalsshare to stabilize?share to stabilize?

I Share ElectronsI Share Electrons

Covalent Bonding Part 2Covalent Bonding Part 2

Virtual Lab #2Virtual Lab #2Build a Covalent MoleculeBuild a Covalent Molecule

COVALENT MOLECULE POSTERSCOVALENT MOLECULE POSTERS

• Read the information sheet about your molecule.

• Highlight important details about the molecule.

• Annotate those details on the side or at the bottom.

• Read the information sheet about your molecule.

• Highlight important details about the molecule.

• Annotate those details on the side or at the bottom.

• Use the beans and cards to create the Lewis Dot Diagram

• Use the marshmallows and toothpicks to create the Ball and Stick model.

• Write your script for your presentation.

• I will do polarity with you.

• Use the beans and cards to create the Lewis Dot Diagram

• Use the marshmallows and toothpicks to create the Ball and Stick model.

• Write your script for your presentation.

• I will do polarity with you.

• Names and formula• Ball and Stick Model• Lewis Dot Diagram• Interesting Facts• How you make it• Its polarity (stickiness)

LaunchPolarity

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Simulator

Thursday 10/17Thursday 10/17

• No Warm Up Today• Get your posters and get

ready to present!

• No Warm Up Today• Get your posters and get

ready to present!

RememberRemember

• Covalent MoleculesCovalent Molecules are formed are formed when when non-metalsnon-metals shareshare their their valence electrons in order to valence electrons in order to bond with each other, stabilize, bond with each other, stabilize, and make a molecule.and make a molecule.

Hydrogen Cyanide, HCNHydrogen Cyanide, HCN

22CHCH44+ + 22NHNH33+ + 33OO2 2 → → 22HCN + HCN + 66HH22OO

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Hydrogen Cyanide, HCNHydrogen Cyanide, HCNLewis Dot DiagramLewis Dot Diagram

I NEED 4!

I NEED 3!

I NEED 1!

Hydrogen Cyanide, HCNHydrogen Cyanide, HCNLewis Dot DiagramLewis Dot Diagram

Hydrogen Cyanide, HCNHydrogen Cyanide, HCNBall & Stick ModelBall & Stick Model

Linear ShapeLinear Shape

1 Single & 1 Triple Bond1 Single & 1 Triple Bond

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Hydrogen Cyanide, HCNHydrogen Cyanide, HCNHow To Make ItHow To Make It

22CHCH44+ + 22NHNH33+ + 33OO2 2 → → 22HCN + HCN + 66HH22OO

Carbon Dioxide, COCarbon Dioxide, CO22

CC66HH1212OO6 6 + + 66OO22 → → 66HH22O + O + 66COCO22

NON-POLARNON-POLAR

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Lewis Dot DiagramLewis Dot Diagram

I NEED 4!

I NEED 2!

Ball & Stick ModelBall & Stick Model

Linear ShapeLinear Shape

2 Double Bonds2 Double Bonds

NON-POLARNON-POLAR

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How To Make ItHow To Make It

CC66HH1212OO6 6 + + 66OO22 → → 66HH22O + O + 66COCO22

Dihydrogen Oxide, HDihydrogen Oxide, H22OO

22HH2 2 + O+ O2 2 + energy → + energy → 22HH22O + heatO + heat

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I NEED 2!

I NEED 1!

HHI NEED 1!

2 Single Bonds2 Single Bonds Bent ShapeBent Shape

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22HH2 2 + O+ O2 2 + energy → + energy → 22HH22O + heatO + heat

This happens because water is polar (sticky)!

PLAYEXPLANATION

PLAYSTICKY WATER

PolarityPolarity

A molecule is A molecule is POLAR POLAR (sticky) when the (sticky) when the electrons aren’t unevenly distributed electrons aren’t unevenly distributed around the molecule.around the molecule.

This make one side This make one side slightly positiveslightly positive and and the other side is the other side is slightly negativeslightly negative..

δ+δ+

Sulfur dioxide, SOSulfur dioxide, SO22

HgS + OHgS + O22→ Hg + SO→ Hg + SO22

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I NEED 2!

2 Double Bonds2 Double Bonds Bent ShapeBent Shape

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HgS + OHgS + O22→ Hg + SO→ Hg + SO22

Nitrogen Trihydride, NHNitrogen Trihydride, NH33

33HH22 + N + N22 → → 22NHNH33

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I NEED 3!

I NEED 1!

HHI NEED 1!

HHNN I NEED 1! HH

HHHHNNHH

H3 Single Bonds3 Single Bonds Pyramidal ShapePyramidal Shape

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33HH22 + N + N22 → → 22NHNH33

Phosphorus Tribromide, PBrPhosphorus Tribromide, PBr33

22P + P + 33BrBr2 2 → → 22PBrPBr33

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I NEED 3!

I NEED 1!

BrBrI NEED 1!

BrBrPP I NEED 1! BrBr

BrBrPPBrBrBrBr

Br BrP

Br3 Single Bonds3 Single Bonds Pyramidal ShapePyramidal Shape

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22P + P + 33BrBr2 2 → → 22PBrPBr33

Carbon Tetrahydride, CHCarbon Tetrahydride, CH44

CO + CO + 33HH22 → CH → CH44 + H + H22OO

NON-POLARNON-POLAR

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I NEED 4!

I NEED 1!

HHI NEED 1!

HHI NEED 1! HHI NEED 1! HH

Ball & Stick ModelBall & Stick ModelH

4 Single Bonds4 Single Bonds Tetrahedral ShapeTetrahedral Shape

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NON-POLARNON-POLAR

CO + CO + 33HH22 → CH → CH44 + H + H22OO

Carbon Tetrachloride, CClCarbon Tetrachloride, CCl44

CHCH4 4 + + 44ClCl2 2 → CCl→ CCl4 4 + + 44HClHCl

NON-POLARNON-POLAR

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I NEED 4!

I NEED 1!

ClClI NEED 1!

I NEED 1! ClClI NEED 1! ClCl

ClClClCl

Ball & Stick ModelBall & Stick ModelCl

4 Single Bonds4 Single Bonds Tetrahedral ShapeTetrahedral Shape

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NON-POLARNON-POLAR

CHCH4 4 + + 44ClCl2 2 → CCl→ CCl4 4 + + 44HClHCl

LESSON SUMMARYLESSON SUMMARY

Identify the Idea.Identify the Idea.The concept we learned in chemistry today The concept we learned in chemistry today was __________, which is…was __________, which is…

Give a example of the idea.Give a example of the idea.For instance, _____ is a good example of For instance, _____ is a good example of conceptconcept is is exampleexample because… because…

Explain additional details of your example.Explain additional details of your example.Furthermore, Furthermore, exampleexample shows shows details details because it demonstrates…because it demonstrates…

is there a way for these electronegative non-metals to stabilize?

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