introduction to kinesiology
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Introduction to KinesiologyApplied Kinesiology420:151
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AgendaWhat is kinesiology?Why study kinesiology?How do we study kinesiology?Review Topics
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What is Kinesiology?Definition: The study of human movement via the physical sciences.Physics BiomechanicsAnatomy Musculoskeletal anatomyStructurePhysiology Neuromuscular physiologyFunction
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KINESIOLOGYFUNCTIONAL ANATOMYSpinePelvic GirdleShoulder GirdleKINEMATICSLinearAngularVectorsScalarsPositionDisplacementVelocityAccelerationProjectilesVectorsAnglesPositionDisplacementVelocityAccelerationKINETICSLinearAngularGR ForcesFrictionFluidElasticityNewtons LawsWorkPowerCentripedal FImpulseMomentumTorqueC of GLeversAccelerationNewtons LawsWork PowerStabilityImpulseMomentumMuscular SystemNervous SystemBIOMECHANICS
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AgendaWhat is kinesiology?Why study kinesiology?How do we study kinesiology?Review Topics
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Why Study Kinesiology?To improve performance.There are many applications of improving performance. Examples?Athletic performance, dance/pedagogy, physical therapy, occupational therapy, gait analysis, human factors, ergonomics. . .
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Why Study Kinesiology?What does an improvement in performance mean? An optimization of:SafetyEffectivenessEfficiencyThese are the BIG 3 underlying objectives!
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AgendaWhat is kinesiology?Why study kinesiology?How do we study kinesiology?Review topics
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How Do We Study Kinesiology?What tools are used to study movement?VideoKinematics: Study of motion in respect to timeForce transducersKinetics: Study of forces that act to cause motionEMGComputer modeling
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How Do We Study Kinesiology?Quantitative MethodsUses numbers to describe movementQualitative MethodsDescribes the quality of movement without numbersGeneral or specificEither are appropriate when performing a KINESIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
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Kinesiological AnalysisPurpose: To describe, evaluate (anatomical and mechanical) and prescribe corrections
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Step 1: DescribeIdentify the purpose of the movementIdentify the phases of the movementIdentify the simultaneous-sequential nature of the movement
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Identify the PurposeSpeed?Form?Accuracy?Combination? Speed and accuracy?Others?Force and distance?
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Identify the PhasesPrep phaseWind-up phaseForce phaseFollow through phaseIdentification of start and end points is criticalDiscrete vs. Continuous
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Schaffer, Jobe, Pink & Perry, 1993
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Identify the Simultaneous-Sequential NatureThe interaction of the segments involved in any movement can be placed on a continuum
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Segments move togetherDirection: Straight line (linear)Purpose: Force, accuracySegments move in an orderly sequenceDirection: Along a curved path (angular)Purpose: VelocityAnywhere in between (push press)
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Step 2: Analyze/EvaluateAnatomical analysisMechanical analysis
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Anatomical AnalysisParadigmProcess vs. Product Performance vs. OutcomeThe anatomical analysis should answer several questions about the involved joints, muscles and reflexesEach phase must be considered
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Anatomical Analysis: JointsWhat joints are involved?What segments are being moved?What are the beginning positions of the segments being moved?What are the actions of each joint?
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Anatomical Analysis: MusclesWhat muscles are responsible for each of the identified joint actions?Are the muscles activated concentrically, eccentrically or isometrically?What type of force is responsible for the movement (external/internal)?
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Anatomical Analysis: ReflexesWhat neuromuscular reflexes are present in the movement?
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Mechanical Analysis:ParadigmMovement of the human body is governed by mechanical laws and principlesBefore identifying the mechanical factors that affect the movement, the underlying objectives of the movement should be defined
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Mechanical Analysis: Objectives of MovementBalanceRegain stability or attain mobilityLocomotionPrescribed distance, patternProjectionFor maximum height, distance, accuracyManipulationObjects, reproduced pattern, resistanceMaximum EffortForce, velocity, power
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Step 3: PrescriptionIdentify portions of the movement that do not meet the anatomical/mechanical idealDecide upon an appropriate strategy
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AgendaWhat is kinesiology?Why study kinesiology?How do we study kinesiology?Review topics
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Review TopicsArticulations (pp. 25-30)Orientation Planes and Axes of Motion (pp. 36-38)Fundamental Movements (pp.38-41)Location and action of major muscle groups
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