introduction © john stevenson, 2011. dr. john t. stevenson family life academic life
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IntroductionIntroduction
© John Stevenson, 2011
Dr. John T. StevensonDr. John T. Stevenson
• Family Life
• Academic Life
• Family Life
• Academic Life
• Professional Life
Dr. John T. StevensonDr. John T. Stevenson
• Family Life
• Academic Life
• Professional Life
• Spiritual Life
• Ministry Life
Dr. John T. StevensonDr. John T. Stevenson
Dr. John T. StevensonDr. John T. Stevenson
http://JohnStevenson.net
JohnStevenson@Bellsouth.net
Jstevens@mail.tiu.edu
Group IntroductionsGroup Introductions
• Your nameYour name
• Your home churchYour home church
• Where are you in the TIU process?Where are you in the TIU process?
• What classes have you already What classes have you already taken in the area of the Old or New taken in the area of the Old or New Testament?Testament?
Course ObjectivesCourse Objectives• To see the different social situations and To see the different social situations and
theological developments that distinguish theological developments that distinguish the later New Testament epistles from the later New Testament epistles from the earlier epistles.the earlier epistles.
• To understand the critical issues of To understand the critical issues of authorship of these epistles.authorship of these epistles.
• To explain the political background of To explain the political background of these epistles.these epistles.
• To understand the flow of thought of To understand the flow of thought of each individual book.each individual book.
Course ObjectivesCourse Objectives• To assess the influences of various sub-To assess the influences of various sub-
Christian cults or religious tendencies Christian cults or religious tendencies such as Gnosticism, Doceticism, and the such as Gnosticism, Doceticism, and the Ebionites.Ebionites.
• To produce contemporary applications of To produce contemporary applications of the lessons learned from these epistles.the lessons learned from these epistles.
Marshall, Travis, & Marshall, Travis, & PaulPaul
Exploring the Exploring the New Testament: A New Testament: A
Guide to the Guide to the Letters and Letters and Revelation. Revelation.
InterVarsity, 2002InterVarsity, 2002
R. Martin & P. R. Martin & P. DavidsDavids
Dictionary of the Dictionary of the Later New Later New
Testament and its Testament and its Developments. Developments. InterVarsity, 1997InterVarsity, 1997
• HebrewsHebrews
• JamesJames
• 11stst & 2 & 2ndnd Peter Peter
• 11stst, 2, 2ndnd, 3, 3rdrd John John
• JudeJude
What What makes them makes them “general”?“general”?
• HebrewsHebrews
• JamesJames
• 11stst & 2 & 2ndnd Peter Peter
• 11stst, 2, 2ndnd, 3, 3rdrd John John
• JudeJude
A question A question of of
authorshipauthorship
• Which of the General Epistles have been Which of the General Epistles have been questioned as to their canonicity?questioned as to their canonicity?
• On what basis do critics claim someone On what basis do critics claim someone else wrote these books other than their else wrote these books other than their named authors?named authors?
• Are you persuaded by these arguments?Are you persuaded by these arguments?
What are the What are the distinguishing distinguishing
differences differences between the between the
Pauline Epistles Pauline Epistles versus the versus the
General Epistles?General Epistles?
Salvation & the Salvation & the Christian LifeChristian Life
Romans, Corinthians, Galatians
Prison EpistlesPrison EpistlesEphesians, Philippians,
Colossians
Eschatological Eschatological EpistlesEpistles
Thessalonians
Pastoral Pastoral EpistlesEpistles
Timothy, Titus, Philemon
SalvationSalvation Hebrews
Faith and WorksFaith and Works James
Eschatological Eschatological EpistlesEpistles
2nd Peter
The Christian The Christian LifeLife
John and Jude
SufferingSuffering 1st Peter
Largely Largely Gentile Gentile
AudienceAudience
Largely Largely Jewish Jewish
AudienceAudience
Gentile Gentile ThinkingThinking
Jewish Jewish ThinkingThinking
Gentile Gentile ThinkingThinking
• Concrete
• Rational
• Linear
• Moves from point to point in a carefully organized manner
Jewish Jewish ThinkingThinking
• Symbolic
• Visual
• Holistic
• Moves in a journey through a series of thoughts
Greeks search after wisdom
Jews want a sign
Gentile Gentile ThinkingThinking
Then a champion came out from the Then a champion came out from the armies of the Philistines named Goliath, armies of the Philistines named Goliath, from Gath, whose height was six cubits from Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span. and a span. 55 He had He had a bronze helmet a bronze helmet on his head, and he was clothed with on his head, and he was clothed with
scale-armor which weighed five scale-armor which weighed five thousand shekels of bronze. (1 Samuel thousand shekels of bronze. (1 Samuel
17:4-5).17:4-5).
Jewish Jewish ThinkingThinking
Gentile Gentile ThinkingThinking
He He also also had had bronze greaves on his legs bronze greaves on his legs and a bronze javelin and a bronze javelin slung slung between his between his shoulders. shoulders. 77 The shaft of his spear was The shaft of his spear was like a weaver's beam, and the head of like a weaver's beam, and the head of his spear his spear weighed weighed six hundred shekels six hundred shekels of iron; his shield-carrier also walked of iron; his shield-carrier also walked
before him. (1 Samuel 17:6-7).before him. (1 Samuel 17:6-7).
Jewish Jewish ThinkingThinking
Hebrew Hebrew ScripturesScriptures
Greek Greek SeptuagintSeptuagint
What were some of the What were some of the ethnic/racial issues ethnic/racial issues faced by the early faced by the early
church?church?
God of wine God of wine & festivity& festivity
God of God of healinghealing
God of God of sea & sea & stormsstorms
Jewish PersecutionsJewish Persecutions• Reasons for Jewish PersecutionReasons for Jewish Persecution
– Perceived charge of blasphemyPerceived charge of blasphemy– The stumbling block of the crossThe stumbling block of the cross– Jealousy for popularity of the peopleJealousy for popularity of the people– Gamaliel’s reasoned defenseGamaliel’s reasoned defense
• Initially limited to Judea and the Initially limited to Judea and the surrounding regionssurrounding regions
And on that day a great persecution began against the
church in Jerusalem, and
they were all scattered
throughout the regions of Judea
and Samaria, except the
apostles. (Acts 8:1b).
Jewish PersecutionsJewish Persecutions• Reasons for Jewish PersecutionReasons for Jewish Persecution
– Perceived charge of blasphemyPerceived charge of blasphemy– The stumbling block of the crossThe stumbling block of the cross– Jealousy for popularity of the peopleJealousy for popularity of the people– Gamaliel’s reasoned defenseGamaliel’s reasoned defense
• Initially limited to Judea and the Initially limited to Judea and the surrounding regionssurrounding regions
• Capital punishment was initially Capital punishment was initially unauthorized by Romeunauthorized by Rome
Jewish PersecutionsJewish Persecutions• Curse on the “Nazareans” was added to Curse on the “Nazareans” was added to
the official Jewish prayers of the late the official Jewish prayers of the late first century.first century.
Jewish PersecutionsJewish Persecutions• Curse on the “Nazareans” was added to Curse on the “Nazareans” was added to
the official Jewish prayers of the late the official Jewish prayers of the late first century.first century.
• Christians left Judea Christians left Judea and moved to Pella and moved to Pella prior to the fall of prior to the fall of JerusalemJerusalem
Christianity versus RomeChristianity versus RomeA Conflict of CultureA Conflict of Culture
• Roman schools taught pagan religion.
• Roman cemeteries offered up prayers to false idols.
Christianity versus RomeChristianity versus RomeA Conflict of CultureA Conflict of Culture
• Roman schools taught pagan religion.Roman schools taught pagan religion.
• Roman cemeteries offered up prayers to Roman cemeteries offered up prayers to false idols.false idols.
• Roman marketplaces sold food that had Roman marketplaces sold food that had been offered to Roman gods.been offered to Roman gods.
• The Roman military personnel were The Roman military personnel were required to swear oaths to the emperor, required to swear oaths to the emperor, worshiping him.worshiping him.
Christianity versus RomeChristianity versus RomeA Conflict of CultureA Conflict of Culture
Roman Religious Tolerance
Christianity’s Exclusive
Claims
In what ways does Christianity In what ways does Christianity conflict with today’s culture?conflict with today’s culture?
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