introducing ipv6 in mobile network - mtsfb implementation of ipv6 in mobile networks 3gpp 3g/lte...
Post on 28-Apr-2018
230 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
1
Chern Yuh Shyang
ychern@maxis.com.my
Maxis Berhad
Introducing IPv6 in Mobile Network
2
Agenda
• Mobile IPv6 Traffic/Devices Outlook
• The Need of IPv6 in Mobile Networks
• Implementation of IPv6 in Mobile Networks
• Mobile Devices Supports on IPv6
• Global IPv6 Deployment
• IPv6 Roaming Scenarios
• Charging & Billing in Mobile Networks with IPv6
• Summary
• Reference
3
11.5B
7.4B
Global Mobile Devices
Global IPv6 Capable
Mobile Devices
Mobile IPv6 Traffic/Devices Outlook
Source: Cisco VNI: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update 2014 - 2019
52% 54%
Mobile
Data
IPv6 Mobile
Data12%
4
The Need of IPv6 in Mobile NetworksDepletion of IPv4
Source: https://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/index.html
• There are more connected devices/internet users than the IPv4 addresses
• IANA assigned last IPv4 block in Feb 2011
• CG-NAT did provide additional address space but also introduced other
issues/limitations
5
The Need of IPv6 in Mobile NetworksSmartphone growth / Adoption of M2M (IoT)
• Smartphone Adoption Rate (GSMA
Intelligence)
- Global adoption rate (2015): 44%
- Malaysia adoption rate (end 2015): 60%
- Typical smartphone behavior (always-
on) further increases the demand of IP
addresses space
• M2M/IoT
- Mass deployment of M2M devices
- The need of globally routable IP
addresses for any devices
Source: GSMA Intelligence: The Mobile Economy 2015
6
The Need of IPv6 in Mobile Networks
3GPP
• PDP Type IPv6 included since 1997
• PDN Type IPv4v6 defined in the first release of LTE in 3GPP Release 8
• PDP Type IPv4v6 defined for GPRS in Release 9
• 3GPP TR23.975 – IPv6 Migration Guidelines
• VoLTE – at least 2 IP addresses required per device
GSMA
• IR.92 – IMS Profile for Voice and SMS
• IPv6 support is mandatory in this guideline
3GPP / GSMA
7
Implementation of IPv6 in Mobile Networks3GPP 3G/LTE Architecture
Internet
RAN
EUTRAN
HLR/HSS
SGSN
GGSN/PGW
SGW
MME
3G
LTE
PDP Type = IPv4, IPv6
and IPv4v6
GPRS/EPS Subscription:
pdpType/pdnType = IPv4, IPv6
and IPv4v6
APN Protocol: IPv4, IPv6
or IPv4/IPv6
FWBR
DNS
AAAA query supported
Provisioning / Policy /
Mediation / Charging
/ Billing / etc.
EPS Bearer, can be IPv4, IPv6 or
IPv4v6 (Since 3GPP Rel.8)
PDP Context, can be IPv4, IPv6 or
IPv4v6 (3GPP Rel.9)
APN Configuration:
IPv4 and/or IPv6
APN Protocol: IPv4, IPv6
or IPv4/IPv6
PDN Type = IPv4, IPv6
and IPv4v6
IPv6 capable
8
Implementation of IPv6 in Mobile Networks3GPP 3G/LTE Architecture – IPv6 requirement
Internet
RAN
EUTRAN
HLR/HSS
SGSN
GGSN/PGW
SGW
MME
3G
LTE FWBR
DNS IPv4
IPv6
IPv6 not requiredIPv6 optional
IPv6 support
required
IPv6 support
optional
Provisioning / Policy /
Mediation / Charging
/ Billing / etc.
Domain IPv6 support
Devices Required
RAN / Mobile
backhaulTransparent
EPC / PS Core Required
IP Core Optional
BR - IX Required
9
Implementation of IPv6 in Mobile NetworksGGSN/PGW – IP Core – IX
Internet
(IPv4 &
IPv6)
GGSN/PGW
Bearer/PDP:
IPv4 or IPv6
IPv4 (IPv6)
IPv6 (IPv4)
Tunneling:
- IPv6 over legacy IPv4 core OR
- IPv4 over new IPv6 core
- Different tunneling technologies
available (ISATAP, 6rd, GRE, etc.)
Internet
(IPv4 &
IPv6)
GGSN/PGW
Bearer/PDP:
IPv6 IPv6NAT
64 IPv6
IPv4
Translation:
- IPv6 translated to IPv4
- NAT64/DNS64 required
- IPv6 only bearer/PDP
Internet
(IPv4 &
IPv6)
GGSN/PGW
Bearer/PDP:
IPv4 and/or IPv6
IPv4
IPv6
Dual Stack:
- IPv4 and IPv6 co-exist
- All nodes to support dual-stack
- Bearer/PDP can be IPv4, IPv6 or
both
10
Implementation of IPv6 in Mobile NetworksBearer/PDP Context: Mobile devices - GGSN/PGW (APN)
IPv4 PDP
IPv6 PDP
GGSN/PGW
IPv4v6 PDP
GGSN/PGW
Internet Internet
(IPv4 &
IPv6)
Internet Internet
(IPv4 &
IPv6)
1a. Separate PDP context for IPv4 and IPv6:
- Accessible to both IPv4 and IPv6
contents
- Higher cost to maintain 2 PDP
- 3GPP Pre-Rel.9 compliant
1b. IPv4v6 PDP context:
- Accessible to both IPv4 and IPv6
contents
- 3GPP Rel.9 onwards only (for 2G/3G)
- Potential Roaming issue
IP assignment strategy #1: both IPv4 address and IPv6 prefix are assigned to devices
11
Implementation of IPv6 in Mobile NetworksBearer/PDP Context: Mobile devices - GGSN/PGW (APN)
IPv6 PDP
GGSN/PGW
NAT
64
DNS
64
IPv6 PDP
GGSN/PGW
NAT
64
DNS
64
CLAT
PLAT
Internet Internet
(IPv4 &
IPv6)
Internet Internet
(IPv4 &
IPv6)
IP assignment strategy #2: only IPv6 prefix assigned to devices
2a. IPv6 only PDP context with DNS64/NAT64:
- Non-IPv6 apps will not work
- Additional nodes (NAT64 and DNS64)
required
2b. IPv6 only PDP context with 464XLAT:
- Accessible to both IPv4 and IPv6 contents
- Additional features required in Devices
(CLAT) and NAT (PLAT)
- Additional nodes (NAT64/DNS64) required
- Not all devices support CLAT
12
Mobile Devices Support on IPv6Comparison of IPv6 support in mobile OS
OS Version Claimed IPv6 Ready Installed by Default DHCPv6 ND RDNSS Notes
Android 5.0 (Lollipop) Yes Yes No Yes
Supports ND-RDNSS in Android 5.0
and above. Does not support
DHCPv6. Suffers from intermittent
loss of its unicast address on some
phones.
iOS 4.1 Yes Yes Yes Yes
iOS supports stateless DHCPv6 since
version 4 and stateful DHCPv6 since
4.3.1.
MeeGo 1.2 No Yes No Yes
Symbian 7 Yes Yes No No
Windows Mobile 6.5 Yes Yes Lite No
If the OEM explicitly unsets the
SYSGEN_TCPIP6 pre-processor
symbol, the built image will not have
any IPv6 capabilities.
7.5 No No No No 8 might have some support
8.1 Yes Yes No NoPrivate lab research. No privacy
extensions (RFC4941)
Windows Phone
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_IPv6_support_in_operating_systems
13
Mobile Devices Supports on IPv6
• Not all mobile OS provide full IPv6 support
• Device manufacturers may enable/disable IPv6 support in certain models, e.g.
• Jelly Bean on manufacturer S does not support IPv6, same OS in manufacturer H does.
• Kit-kat on Model III does not support IPv6, same version on Model IV does
• Menu options (firmware / carrier bundle) to configure IPv6 depends on OS and network
IPv6 support – OS and Manufacturer dependent
14
Global IPv6 DeploymentISP, Equipment Vendors, Web/Content Providers
Percentage of users that access Google over IPv6
Source: http://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/statistics.html#tab=ipv6-adoption&tab=ipv6-adoption
• World IPv6 Launch (6 June 2012) – Major Internet service providers (ISPs), home networking equipment manufacturers, and web companies around the world are permanently enabling IPv6 for their products and services. (source: http://www.worldipv6launch.org(source: http://www.worldipv6launch.org(source: http://www.worldipv6launch.org(source: http://www.worldipv6launch.org/)/)/)/)
IPv4
IPv6
IPv6
IPv4IPv4
IPv6
We are here today!
How does this impact Mobile IPv6
Deployment Strategy?
- Not all the websites/content
provider and equipment are
IPv6 capable
- IPv4 and IPv6 network will co-
exists for some time
Need to ensure both
networks are accessible!
15
IPv6 Roaming Scenarios
• Pre-Rel.9 SGSN
• IPv4v6 PDN type (LTE) was introduced in Rel.8 (when LTE was first introduced). However, IPv4v6 PDP type for 2G/3G was only introduced in Rel.9, user roaming in a PLMN with pre-Rel.9 SGSN may experience problem
• Potential Impact if PDP type in HLR subscription profile is IPv4v6:
• Case 1 (no service impact): Pre-Rel.9 SGSN ignores the unsupported Info-Element in MAP message
• Case 2 (data service rejected): Pre-Rel.9 SGSN discard the MAP message with unsupported Info-Element
• Roaming partner has not enabled IPv6
• Incorrect data CDR may be reported if roaming partner does not support IPv6 CDR format
IETF RFC 7445
16
IPv6 Roaming ScenariosPre-Release 9 SGSN (Case 1)
SGSN
HLR
GGSN Internet
GPRS Attach
Request
Authentication/
Update LocationInsert Subscriber Data (pdp-Type =
IPv4, ext-pdp-Type=IPv4v6)
Attach Accept
SGSN discards the unsupported ext-pdp-Type
IE, but continue to process the rest of the Insert
Subscriber Data messageVisited Network
Home Network
IPv4 OR IPv6 traffic
17
IPv6 Roaming ScenariosPre-Release 9 SGSN (Case 2)
SGSN
HLR
GGSN Internet
GPRS Attach
Request
Authentication/
Update LocationInsert Subscriber Data (pdp-Type =
IPv4, ext-pdp-Type=IPv4v6)
Attach Reject
SGSN discards the entire Insert Subscriber Data
message due to the presence of unsupported
IE, ext-pdp-Type
Data service failed!
Visited Network
Home Network
18
IPv6 Roaming Scenarios
• Request Roaming partner to get necessary patch on their SGSN to support the “ext-
pdp-Type” MAP Info-Element sent by HLR
• Separate profile in HLR for domestic and roaming (this feature may be vendor
dependent)
• Home Network: MAP-ISD message contains “pdp-Type” and “ext-pdp-Type”
• Visiting Network: MAP-ISD message contains only “pdp-Type”
Possible solution for IPv6 roaming issues
19
Charging & Billing in Mobile Networks with IPv6
SGSN-CDR
SGW-CDR and PGW-CDR
Changes in data CDR field (3GPP TS32.251):
CDR Field Description
Served PDP Address PDP address of the served IMSI, i.e. IPv4 when PDP Type is IPv4
or IPv6 when PDP Type is IPv6 or IPv4v6.
Served PDP/PDN
Address extension
This field holds IPv4 address of the served IMSI, if available,
when PDP type is IPv4v6.
CDR Field Description
Served PDP/PDN
Address
IP address allocated for the PDP context / PDN connection, if
available, i.e. IPv4 when PDN Type is IPv4 or IPv6 when PDN
Type is IPv6 or IPv4v6.
Served PDP/PDN
Address extension
This field holds IPv4 address of the served IMSI, if available,
when PDN type is IPv4v6.
Variable length
Value can be null
20
DD
P
I
Charging & Billing in Mobile Networks with IPv6Impact to the Charging and Billing Domains
IPv4 & IPv6
Internet
SGSN GGSN/DPI
OCS
Mediation
IPv6 Capable DPI
IPv6 Capable online
charging system
IPv6 Capable online
charging system
CDRs with IPv6 CDRs with IPv6
fields vPLMN /Roaming
Partner
Inbound roamer
Outbound roamer
21
Summary
• IPv6 in Mobile Networks is inevitable
• Upgrade/replacement of some core network elements and charging platforms will be
required to enable the IPv6 capability. However, communications between nodes that are
transparent to user traffic can be maintained at IPv4.
• There is no best transition method for IPv6, each organization will have own preference
based on own strategy on how to transition their existing network towards end-to-end IPv6
• IPv4 and IPv6 will co-exists for a period of time (years)
• Each Mobile OS and device manufacturers have their own roadmap in supporting IPv6;
even for the latest OS versions / device model, not all are fully IPv6 capable
• Both 3GPP and GSMA have included IPv6 as a standard requirement in the upcoming
technologies, e.g. VoLTE, non-3GPP access, etc.
• Content providers play a role in transitioning internet towards all IPv6
22
Q & A
23
Reference
• 3GPP 23.060 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 2
• 3GPP 23.401 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved
Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access
• 3GPP 23.975 IPv6 migration guidelines
• 3GPP 29.002 Mobile Application Part (MAP) Specification
• GSMA IR.92 IMS Profile for Voice and SMS
• IETF 7445 Analysis of Failure Cases in IPv6 Roaming Scenarios
• IETF 6877 464XLAT: Combination of Stateful and Stateless Translation
24
Thank you!
top related