internet training internet history 1962- us advanced research project agency research; small network...

Internet Training

Internet History

• 1962- US Advanced Research Project Agency research; small network ARPANET (military--DOD)

• 1974-Commercial version of ARPANET

• 1982- the term “internet” is used for 1st time

• 1988- National Science Foundation took over operation of Internet

2nd

Internet History

• 1990- ARPANET ceases to exist

• 1991- WWW is born

• 1993- White House is “online”

• 1994-Pizza Hut accepts orders for pizza over the net.

Little Known Myths

• WWW in Hebrew translated to English become 666– Some theorists paint picture of WWW as

being the actual beast described in Revelation in Bible

• First web-site, 1991 - http://www.w3.org/History/19921103-hypertext/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html

What is the Internet?

• Collection of networks linked together globally

• A network is computers connected by cables or wi-fi (cable free) to share information regardless of manufacturer

• Computer• Wires/Wireless

– Telephone Line– Wi-Fi– DSL– Satellite-Panaband

• Modem

Connection

Connection

Browser/Software- loads and displays a viewer– Internet Explorer– Netscape Navigator– Mozilla Firefox– AOL

Internet Service Provider (ISP)-Company that provides connection for monthly fee– Region 10, CISD– AOL– MSN– EV1

Modem

• Comes from the words Modulate-Demodulate

• your link to the world• uses digital signals converted to analog

signals that travel across regular phone lines

• Wired• Satellite

– Wireless– May or May not allow uploads– Very Fast

1st

Wireless

• Wi-Fi “Wireless Fidelity”– Connects like cell phone

– Within range of base station

– Computer/software must be configured with Wi-Fi radio(similar to PC Card)

– Wi-Fi certified products

• DSL “Digital Subscriber Line”– “Instant Access” Internet Access

– DSL Modem (similar to cable box)

– Computer must have ISP requirements

WWWWorld Wide Web

Three Parts

1. Internet

2. Hypertext(hyperlinks) - Provides clearly visible links to different web pages

3. Multimedia - graphics, sound, animation, video, text

Search Engines

• Website that allows you to “search” for a variety of things

• Gives you a list of websites; “Crawl” the web to index web pages

• Examples: Yahoo, Google, AltaVista, Lycos, Excite, MSN, AOL, GoTo, Snap, HotBot, Web Crawler, Dogpile

Uniform Resource Locator(URL)

• Addressing System

• Identifies location and type

• Contains several parts (protocol, domain, name, path, filename)

• http://www.mtv.com/news.html

URL

• Third Level = http://www.yahoo.com– Hypertext Transfer Protocol

• Second Level = microsoft.com, yahoo.com, ttu.edu

• First Level = .com, .net, .gov– .com = Commercial

– .edu = Universities

– .gov = Federal gov. agencies

• Student Examples

IP Addresses

• Like a post office zip code

• Series of 4 numbers separated by a period

• 192.168.0.1

• address of a computer on a TCP/IP network

• IP Addresses are still in use, but we see them as URL addresses

Browser Icons

• Back

(backspace key)

• Forward

• Home

• Favorites

• Stop

• Refresh

Bookmarks/Favorites

• Copies URL so that you can click on the web page immediately

• Bookmark sites that you refer to often– Yahoo– Hotmail

Multimedia

• Definition: computer based interactive experience; creative expression in technology– Sounds– Music– Video– Animation– Graphics– Text

HTML

• Hypertext Markup Language

• <CENTER></CENTER>

• Tells your web browser how to display web pages– Where to align text– Size of pictures/graphics– colors

E-mail (“Snail Mail”)

• ISP---monthly fee– MSN– AOL

• Free– Hotmail– Yahoo– Google

E-Mail

Time Savers

• Ctrl + C = Copy• Ctrl + X = Cut• Ctrl + V = Paste• Ctrl + S = Save• Ctrl + P = Print• Ctrl + A = Select All• Ctrl + Z = Undo• Ctrl + B= Bold; Ctrl + U=Underline• Ctrl + I= Italics

Copy Right or Wrong?

Copyright

• “Copyright” - property right to a tangible, original work

• exists automatically from the moment a work is created

• Davenport 2007 ©

What is Copyright?

• Copyright guarantees for the creator of a work the right to:– Copy– Reproduce– Distribute or Sell– Perform and Display Publicly– Prepare New Works Based on the

Copyright Act

Protected by Copyright

• Literary works• Musical works, including words• Dramatic works, including music• Pantomimes and choreographic works• Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works• Motion pictures and audiovisual works• Sound recordings• Architectural works

Not Protected

• Works in the public domain (all works which have lost protection)

• Words• Names• Titles• Slogans or other short phrases • URL’s(it’s a fact, like a street

address)

Not Protected

• Government works, which include:– Judicial opinions– Public ordinances– Administrative rulings– Works created by federal

government employees as part of their official responsibility

• Works for which copyright wasn’t obtained or has expired

Does it have this? ©

• Standard identifier • After April 1, 1989 does not require

notice• Assume all is copyrighted

Copyright Exception

• “Fair use” - exception to exclusive rights of copyright holder

– Teachers/students– use for instruction/assignments

only

It’s For An Educational Purpose

• “Fair Use” allows you to use material for non-profit or educational uses, such as:– Criticism– Comment– News reporting– Teaching– Scholarship– Research

Fair Use Guidelines

• Purpose – Educational/Enrichment

• Amount Used– Refer to Internet Training Notes

• Financial Loss?– Is someone losing a profit b/c of you?

• Multimedia Projects– You may make no more than 2 copies

Copyright Use

• 10% or 3 minutes of a motion media clip

• 10% or 30 seconds of a musical work

• 5 images of a single artist

• 10% or 1000 words of text materials

What Can Be Copied?

• A chapter from a book

• An article from a periodical or newspaper

• A short story• Essay• Poem

• Chart• Graph• Diagram• Drawing• Cartoon • Picture

What Should Be Avoided?

• Multiple copies • Same material

– several different courses– Different institutions

Copying from the Internet?

• NOT public domain!!!• Assume copyright• Credit the source• Ask permission• Get a copy• “I’m not selling it! “

Got Permission?

• Commercial or non-educational purpose

• Duplicate the project beyond 2 copies

• Distribute the project

Duration of Protection

• Protection Timetable– Pre-1978 works = 75 years from

publication or registration– Post-1977 works= life of author + 50

years

Infringement

• A civil violation

• Criminal– Willful infringement – commercial/financial gain

Copyright Law Enforcement

• ASK-ASK-ASK– E-mail– Snail Mail (PO)– Tangible Documentation

• You must site everything----CISD AUP

– Avery, James. Platinum Jewelry. January 1995. Rushnell Publishing, Inc. September 18, 2003. <http://www.jamesavery.com>.

FAQ

• Do I need a copyright notice to protect my work on the web?

• Do I need to register with the copyright Office?

• If I give credit, am I still infringing on a copyright?

• Is there anything that I can post to the Web that I did not create myself?

NO

NO

YES

YES

FAQ

• Can I reprint facts?

• If I don’t make any money from copying someone else’s intellectual property, is it infringement?

• Is a copyright infringement a criminal offense?

YES

YES

NO

Works Cited

• Copyright and Fair use in the Classroom www.umuc.edu/library/copy.html

• Copyright Website www.benedict.com• Tell It To The Judge

www.news.com/Quiz/entry• US Copyright Office

www.lcweb.loc.gov/copyright• Tech Soup www.techsoup.org• Wi-Fi www.wifi.org

Resources

• The World Wide Web. 3 September 2007 http://www.livinginternet.com/w/w.htm.

• FreeSite. 3 September 2007 http://www.thefreesite.com/Free_Sounds/Free_WAVs/Tell It To The Judge.

• Movie Wavs.http://www.moviewavs.com/. 3 September 2007

• Sound America. 3 September 2007. http://soundamerica.com/sounds/themes/Commercials/