international examples of deep geothermal test sites
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International Examples ofDeep Geothermal Test Sites
David Bruhn
GFZ - German Research Centrefor Geosciences Potsdam
TU DelftDept. for Geoscience & Engineering
Groß Schönebeck
Hamburg
Hannover
ThüringischesBecken
Ober-rhein
graben
Dresden
Leipzig
Urach
SoultzStuttgart
Frankfurt
Köln
Erding
Straubing
BayerischesMolassebecken
NorddeutschesBecken
Neustadt-Glewe
BerlinGenesys Horstberg
Basel
Speyer
Offenbach
Pullach
Unterhaching
Aachen
Landau
1) North German Basin2) Molasse basin3) Upper Rhine Valley
Geothermal Sites in Germany
source: Bonté, 2014
Geothermal Licenses in NL
Geology of the Central European Basement
Paris
Bruxelles
London
Munich
Praha
Warszawa
Berlin
Hamburg
Kobenhavn
NEGB PTNWGBNEB
DB
North Sea
Baltic
SeaRotliegend
Tornquist zone
VariszicanbeltVariszican Deformation front
Caledonian Deformation front
Caledonides &older massifs
Precambriancrystallinebasement
Alps
Rhenohercynian
Saxothuringian
Moldanubian
Alpi
ne
front
0 100 200 km
EGrSk3/90GtGrSk4/05
(modified after Ziegler 1990, Bertelsen 1992, Brecht 1999)
Structure: North German Basin as part of the South Permian BasinTarget HorizonLower Permian Red Beds(Rotliegend)Depth3700 to 4400 m(Main) exploration period1960-1990 (1970-1985)
Well Path
500 m³ gel(YF140/145) + 4% KCl100 t proppant(HSP 20/40coated/uncoated)Pmax= 380 barQmax = 58 liter/sec.
500 m³ gel(YF140/145) + 4% KCl113 t proppant(HSP 20/40coated/uncoated)Pmax= 495 barQmax = 66 liter/sec
13000 m³ water(pH5)24 t sand
Pmax = 586 barQmax = 150 liter/sec.
Stimulation Details
Microseismicity during Hydraulic Stimulation
Reservoir Stimulation
Distance (m)
Depth (m)
Site Assessment:• 2D Seismic• Two Wells• Lithology• Rock Properties• Fluid Chemistry• Stimulations• Well Tests
Expected:30 a Operation
(numerical models)
(Blöcher et al. 2010)
Productivity Decline with Time
(Blöcher et al., 2016)
0 4000 8000 12000 16000 20000cumulative produced volume [m³]
0
2
4
6
8
10
dyna
mic
pro
duct
ivity
inde
x [m
³/(hM
Pa)
] productivity indexfit
10000100010010
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5Time (a)
produced fluid volume [m³]
2 ½ years
Theory vs. Reality
• Sedimentation/Precipitation in Wellbore• (Electrochemical) Precipitation in Vicinity of Well• Sustainability of Induced Fractures• 2-Phase Flow in Reservoir• Reservoir Compartmentalization
Constraining the Root Cause
Process Identification and Control
(Regenspurg et al., 2015; Blöcher et al., 2016; Reinsch et al. 2015, 2017 )
From Field Scale to Lab Scale
Completing the Picture in 3DSeismic Investigation
8 km
8 km
• Sedimentation/Precipitation in Wellbore• (Electrochemical) Precipitation • Sustainability of Induced Fractures• 2-Phase Flow in Reservoir• Reservoir Compartmentalization
(Stiller et al., 2018)
Innovative Science and TechnologiesReliable Geothermal Energy Provision
Learning from Groß Schönebeck: • Exploration, Drilling, Stimulation and Monitoring Technologies Improved – Work Ongoing• Increased Process Understanding by Extensive Laboratory and Numerical Investigations
Aim: Provide Technological Solutions for Major Bottlenecks Outlook: Third Well as Potential Breakthrough for Geothermal Energy Provision from Deep
Sedimentary BasinsNucleus for Geothermal Research and Technology Transfer
Ongoing Geothermal ProjectsINCO EU-Mexico:
• GEMexNovel Concepts:
• CHPM2030• GeoWell• SURE
EGS:• DeepEGS• DESTRESS
Shallow Geothermal:• GEOTeCH• Cheap-GSHPs• MATChING
FP7:• IMAGE (finished)• Geothermal ERA NET
o GEOTHERMICA
Groß Schönebeck Test Site in 2015
Delft Aardwarmte Project
A Production wellB Heat exchangerC Heating circuitD Injection well
Sub programmes1. Assessment of Geothermal Resources 2. Exploration of Geothermal Reservoirs3. Drilling Geothermal Wells4. Reservoir Engineering5. Plant Process Engineering 6. Operation of Geothermal Systems7. Sustainability, Environment and Regulatory
Framework
Overall goal:
Development of new cost–effective technologies suitable for a sustainable growth of geothermal energy in Europe and worldwide
1 BERGEN Uni Norway2 British Geological Survey UK3 BRGM France4 CNR-IGG Italy5 CRES Greece6 ENEA Italy7 EOST – Uni Strasbourg France8 ETH Zürich Switzerland9 GFZ Potsdam Germany10 Geothermiezentrum Bochum Germany11 IFE Norway12 INGV Italy13 IRIS Norway14 ÍSOR Iceland15 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany16 LIAG Germany17 LNEG Portugal18 LTTT/ZET Germany19 Polish Geological Institute Poland20 Politecnico di Milano Italy21 Politecnico di Torino Italy22 RWTH Aachen Germany23 SINTEF Norway24 Scuola Superiore Sant Anna, Pisa Italy25 TNO Netherlands26 TU Darmstadt Germany27 TU Delft Netherlands28 UFZ Leipzig Germany29 University of Bari Italy30 University of Torino Italy31 University of Trieste/OGS Italy32 University of Utrecht Netherlands33 VITO Belgium
The European EGS test site Soultz-sous-Forêts, France
Objective 2 x 1.5 MW electrical power (1.5 MW capacity currently installed)
Wells 3
Vertical Depth 5.000 m
Temperature > 180°C
Flow Rate 2 x 35 l/s
Reservoir EGS/HDR/petrothermal
Power Plant ORC
Research 1987 to 2005
Construction 2005 to 2008
Status feed-in of up to 1.5 MWe
Soultz: some facts
• 22 years of research, from first site investigation to opeartion and electricityproduction in 2008
• 80 MEuros spent on RTD and installations: 30 M€ EU, 25 M€ France, 25 M€ Germany.
• The initial French-German cooperation was enlarged by adding the UK experience (Camborne School of Mines)
• 15 research institutions and numerous subcontractors involved• More than 40 PhD theses, 1000+ scientific publications• Regional spin-offs in Landau, Insheim, Bruchsal, Rittershoffen, Strasbourg
(currently drilling) …• Now owned and operated by ES Géothermie
What does this mean for UKGEOS?
• Test sites are absolutely vital for energy technology development• For international visibility, connect with networks• Data availability and management
=> Stay European!
Thank you for your attention
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