intellectual/developmental disabilities presented by anna combs
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INTELLECTUAL/DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
Presented by Anna Combs
Definition
The term Intellectual disability is defined as a disability characterized by significant limitations in
both intellectual function in and in adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical
skills. This disability originates before the age of 18. A developmental disability includes an intellectual disability, but it can also encompass a physical
disability.
Facts
Affects 1.5% to 2.5% of the United States population
Affects 3% of the Texas Population In some situations, it can be preventable Must be diagnosed before the age of 18 Can occur before, during, or after birth
Causes
Genetics Problems during Pregnancy Problems during Birth Problems after Birth
Genetics
Can be passed down by one parent Can occur when the genes are combined to
make the child Can occur if an infection or illness affects the
genes Examples: Down Syndrome, PKU
Problems During Pregnancy
Most of these are preventable This is generally substance abuse: alcohol,
drugs, being around smoke Alcohol is the leading preventable cause of
intellectual or developmental delays Other causes during Pregnancy are malnutrition
and illness of the mother
Problems During Birth
These are generally not as preventable Lack of oxygen to the baby Premature birth Birth injuries
Problems after Birth
Childhood diseases such as whooping cough, measles, etc. can affect the brain
Brain injuries Environmental factors
-poverty
-malnutrition
-toxins around the living area
Signs
Walking, talking, sitting up late Trouble with memory or remembering things Trouble calculating Problem solving and logic issues Social problems Having trouble seeing consequences to actions Talking abnormally
Tips for Teachers
Don't underestimate these students abilities Teach them life skills, not just subject matter Be willing to make any accommodations
necessary Go step by step and be concrete with directions Help them in the social realm as much as
possible Work alongside parent's and IEP team as much
as possible Give immediate feedback Love them and pray for them
Bibliography1. "Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments." WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/children/intellectual-
disability-mental-retardation (accessed July 3, 2014).
2. "Resources." The Arc. http://www.thearc.org/what-we-do/resources/fact-sheets/causes-and-prevention (accessed July 3, 2014).
3. "Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Signs." Texas Panhandle Centers. http://www.texaspanhandlecenters.org/signs.html (accessed
July 3, 2014).
4."Intellectual Disabilities in Your Classroom: 9 Tips for Teachers." National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities.
Http://nichcy.org/intellectual-disabilities-in-your-classroom (accessed July 3, 2014).
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