induction training-mechanical static
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Induction Program
Welcome
Mechanical Engineering
(STATIC)
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Induction Program
Mechanical Engineering (Static)
By the end of the course you wi l l
Understanding our range of
capabilities in Mechanical
Engineering division
Understand fundamentals of
Pressure Vessels & Heat
Exchangers
be familiar with the main types
understand what are the key
factors in Pressure Vessel design
have the background necessary to
start using commercial design
software
be an informed purchaser of
Pressure Vessels & Heat
Exchangers
Course Objectives
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Induction ProgramCourse Overview
What we handle
Introduction to Pressure Vessels
Materials of Construction
Design
Other Design Considerations
Fabrication
Inspection and Testing
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Induction ProgramMechanical Engineering
SCOPE
STATIC EQUIPMENT
GROUP
Pressure vessels
Columns
Storage Tanks
Heat Exchangers
ROTATING EQUIPMENT
GROUP
Planned to start
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DETAIL ENGINEERING: Equipment Datasheets
General Arrangement drawings
Mechanical Design calculations for Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchangers.
Detail Manufacturing Drawings
We co-ordinate with other Engineering disciplines andprovide data for their design e.g.:
Electrical: Provide Electrical loads ( Motor rating, speed)Civil: Equipment Loading data for foundation design
Piping: Provide Layout details, tie-in connection details
Instrumentation: Control & instrument interfaces with plant DCS
SCOPE
Mechanical Engineering
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Pressure Vessels
Introduction:
A pressure vessel is a closed, rigid, container designedto hold gases or liquids at a pressure different from the
ambient pressure. A pressure vessel is a container used to contain things at
more than 15 psig.; this means that they can withstandgreater than normal amounts of pressure withoutbursting.
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Induction ProgramPRESSURE VESSELS
Containers for fluids under pressure Used in variety of industries
Petroleum refining
Chemical Power
Pulp and paper
Food
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Types of Pressure Vessels
Pressure Vessels Towers
Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers
Reactors
Condensers Evaporators etc
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PRESSURE VESSELS
Parameters:
In the industrial sector, pressure vessels are
designed to operate safely at a specific pressure
and temperature, technically referred to as the"Design Pressure" and "Design Temperature".
Other Parameters:
Corrosion Allowance
Material of Construction
Diameter & Length
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PRESSURE VESSELS
Need for Codes & Standards:
A vessel that is inadequately designed to handle a high
pressure constitutes a very significant safety hazard.
Because of that, the design and certification of pressure
vessels is governed by design codes such
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in North
America
Pressure Equipment Directive of the EU (PED)
Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) CSA B51 in Canada
and other international standards
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Origin of the ASME B&PV Code
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Why we have B&PV Code
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Cri ter ia of the ASME B&PV Code
Design by Ru le for Heavy VesselsVIII Div. 1
Design margin 3.5 relative to ultimate stress.Design by Analysis fo r Heavy Vessels
VIII Div 2
Design margin 2.4Considers fatigue
Uses maximum shear stress theory (Tresca)
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Induction Program
Introduction
In order to address the safety concerns associated withpressurized equipment, these are required to be designed,fabricated and operated according to specified codes andstandards.
The commonly accepted codes are the ASME Sec. VIII Div.1 for design of pressure vessels
Although the theory behind the behavior of pressurizedequipment is well covered in Universities, the application ofdesign codes is not so well covered. It takes a new engineerconsiderable time to understand that there is much more topressure vessel design than calculation of hoop stress.
The present course is designed to bridge the gap between
the theoretical aspects of pressure vessel design and itsindustrial application.
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Scope of ASME Code
Section VIII
Section VIII used worldwide
Objective: Minimum requirements for safeconstruction and operation
Division 1, 2, and 3
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Section VIII Div is ion 1 15 psig < P 3000 psig
Applies through first connection to pipe
Other exclusions
Internals (except for attachment weld to vessel)
Fired process heaters
Pressure containers integral with machinery
Piping systems
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Section VIII Div is ion 2
A lternative Rules
Scope identical to Division 1 but
requirements differ
Allowable stress
Stress calculations
Design
Quality control
Fabrication and inspection
Choice between Divisions 1 and 2 based on
economics
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Division 3, Alternative Rules
High Pressure Vessels
Applications over 10,000 psi
Pressure from external source, process
reaction, application of heat, combination
of these
Does not establish maximum pressure
limits of Division 1 or 2 or minimum limits
for Division 3.
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Structure of Section VIII, Division 1
Subsection A
Part UG applies to all vessels
Subsection B
Requirements based on fabrication method Parts UW, UF, UB
Subsection C
Requirements based on material class
Parts UCS, UNF, UHA, UCI, UCL, UCD, UHT,ULW, ULTPART UHX
Rules for Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
Mandatory and Nonmandatory Appendices
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Material Selec tion Facto rs
Strength
Corrosion Resistance
Resistance to Hydrogen Attack
Fracture Toughness
Fabricability
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Maximum A l lowable Stress
Stress: Force per unit area that resists loads
induced by external forces
Pressure vessel components designed to
keep stress within safe operational limits
Maximum allowable stress:
Includes safety margin
Varies with temperature and material
ASME maximum allowable stress tables for
permitted material specifications
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Weld Jo int Eff ic iency
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Weld Jo int Category
BB
B B
A
A
A
B
C
A C
D
A
A
A
CD
A
DA
A
C
D B
D
BC
Hemispherical Head on Shell
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Weld Jo int Eff ic iencies
Joint
TypeAcceptable Joint Categories Degree of
Degree of Radiographic
Examination
Full Spot None
1 A, B, C, D 1.00 0.85 0.70
2 A, B, C, D (See ASME Code for limitations) 0.90 0.80 0.65
3 A, B, C NA NA 0.60
4 A, B, C (See ASME Code for limitations) NA NA 0.55
5 B, C (See ASME Code for limitations) NA NA 0.50
6 A, B, (See ASME Code for limitations) NA NA 0.45
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Types of Welds
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Summary Of ASME Code Equations
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Compensation
Compensation, orreinforcement,is the provision of
extra stress-transmitting area in the wall of a cylinderor shell when some area is removed by boring a
hole for branch attachment
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Compensation Area Calculations
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Contents
Introduction to Pressure Vessel Design Codes
Design Basis and Design Criteria
Design for Internal pressure
Design for External Pressure
Design of Nozzles
Flange design Design of Vessel supports
Design of Tubesheets
Fabrication
Examination
Testing Computer codes for pressure vessel design
Case studies on failure of pressure vessels
Materials of construction for pressure vessels
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Mechanical
Mechanical Design confirming to International Codes & Standardslike
ASME SEC VIII Div-1 & Div-2 (US)
BS PD5500 (UK)
EN 13445 (Europe) ASME sec UHX & TEMA (US)
WRC 107 (US)
Wind & Seismic Analysis to
IBC, UBC, ASCE (US)
NBC (Canada)
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MechanicalTypical Deliverables include
Mechanical Data Sheets
General Arrangement Drawings
Mechanical Strength Calculations
Civil Foundation Loading Data
Detailed Manufacturing Drawings
Bill Of Materials
Material Specs for Raw Materials
Specifications for Bought-out Items
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Mechanical Software
Compress
PVElite
Mechanical
http://www.coade.com/index.asp -
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MechanicalSectors
Oil & Gas
Petrochemicals
Refinary
Fertilizers Pharmaceuticals
Power
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