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Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
ICs and Mechanical Advantage (MA)
Lecture 8
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Mechanical Advantage (MA)
The Mechanism is a conservative systemInertial and friction effects are ignored for the system
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Examples
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Mechanical Advantage
Definition: Ratio of force-out over force-inForce, Velocity, and Torque are typically constant for a linkage
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Mechanical Advantage
Tin =Findin =Foutdout =Tout
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Mechanical Advantage
M.A. is a product of two factorsRatio of distances that depend n the placement of the input and output forcesAn angular velocity ratio
Can be expressed entirely in terms of direct distancesBased on the instant center development
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Mechanical Advantage
If we know the angular velocity ratio between the input and the output link, M.A. can be expressed entirely in terms of ratios of distances
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
M.A. and Instant Center
An angular velocity ratio can be expressed entirely in terms of direct distances
Based on the instant center development
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
M.A. and Instant Center
. .
in
out
in in
out out
Vrin
Vrout
in out
out in
dM Adddd rd r
ωω
= ⋅
= ⋅
= ⋅
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Drive Mechanism Example
Handle is being pulled to left with force Fin
Pressure difference across the piston in the cylinder is resisting the movement by a force equal and opposite to Fout
dout
din
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Solution
dout
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Toggle Position
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Example #2
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
MA for a Slider Crank
MA needs to be modifiedLink 4 Constrained to move in the horizontal directionFout is constrained to be in the horizontal direction
rin
din
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
MA Slider Crank
2 2 2
2 2
( ) ( )in out
out B B in
in in in out
out in
in in
Power Power
T F v where v rd F r F
F dMAF r
ω ωω ω
=
= = ⋅⋅ ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅
= =
rv r r ro o
rin
din
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Six Bar Linkage
Determine the MA of this system
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Instant Centers for 6 Bar Linkage
Union CollegeMechanical Engineering
MER 312: Dynamics and Kinematics (of Mechanisms) / AT
Can Crusher Example
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