icecube - tsinghuaastro.tsinghua.edu.cn/~xbai/teaching/student...• shock breakout and early light...

IceCubeDetectorforNeutrinos

RuiLimingBaiXuening

Outlines

• 1Experimentalmechanism• 2Instruments• 3 Experimentalgoals

3.1Pointsourcesofhighenergyneutrinos3.2Gammaray3.3Indirectdarkmattersearches3.4NeutrinoPhysics

Experimentalmechanism

1whatisneutrino?tinyrestmass---->directcapture?electricallyneutral---->magneticforce?interactsonlyviatheweaksubatomicforceandgravity---->undetected!

Experimentalmechanism

• betacapture(1942wangganchang)• Cowan–Reinesneutrinoexperiment

(1995NobelPrize)

• Nuetrinosreactwiththemoleculesofwaterintheice,theycancreatechargedleptons(electrons,muons,ortaus)

• Cherenkovradiation0.99c(chargedparticle,muon)>0.75c(speedoflightintheice)

• highenergyneutrinos(10^11~10^21eV)

Amundsen–ScottSouthPoleStation

Instruments

1760m

• "track"indicator:muons

• "cascade"indicator:electrons,taus(PeV)

• howtorejectecosmicraymuons:• forcusontheup-goingevents

mechanism

"doublebang"20PeV/m

no-oscillation(NO)

normalhierarchy(NH)

invertedhierarchy(IH).

Purewater Ice

LiquidArgonLiquidScintillator

IceCubecanrecordethelargestnumber

ShaquannSetal,2018

astrophysicalneutrinosource

AGNcosmicrayneutrinosdecaySupernova,GRBs,GW...sun(PPchain,CNOcycle)

experimentalgoals

multimessengerastrophysics(CCSN)

ShaquannSetal,2018

P.M.Garnavichetal,2016

• Model: thedecayproductsofneutralandchargedpionsfromppinteractionsareresponsibleforthenon-thermalemissionintheUniverse

CosmicRayPhysics

MarkusAhlersetal,2015

DarkMatter

CascadeAnalysis:non-zerodarkmattercomponent?

TheIceCubeCollaboration*,2018

NeutrinoPhysicsMeasurementofthemulti-TeVneutrinointeractioncross-sectionwithIceCubeusingEarthabsorption

measuredthecross-sectiontimesthepredictionofthestandardmodelforcharged- and neutral-currentinteractionsintheenergyrangefrom6.3TeVto980TeV

TheIceCubeCollaboration*,2017

• PINGU(thePrecisionIceCubeNextGenerationUpgrade)

1low-energyinfillextension

2energythresholdofafewGeV

3chiefgoal:determiningtheneutrinomasshierarchy(NMH)

conclusion

• DetectCherenkovradiationemittedbytheproductsofneutrinowithenergyaboutPeV.• Muonsare'track'events,electronsandtausare'cascade'events.• IceCubecanbeusedtoinvestigateneutrinoastronomy,cosmicray,darkmatterandneutrinophysics.

Reference• SearchforneutrinosfromdecayingdarkmatterwithIceCube;IceCubeCollaboration:M.G.Aartsenetal;arXiv:1804.03848

• Measurementofthemulti-TeVneutrinointeractioncross-sectionwithIceCubeusingEarthabsorption;TheIceCubeCollaboration;doi:10.1038/nature24459

• TheIceCubeNeutrinoObservatory:InstrumentationandOnlineSystems;TheIceCubeCollaborationM.G.Aartsenetal;arXiv:1612.05093

• ConstraintsonUltrahigh-EnergyCosmic-RaySourcesfromaSearchforNeutrinosAbove10PeVwithIceCube;IceCubeCollaboration:M.G.Aartsenetal;(Journal)PhysicalReviewLetters117(2016)241101

• ShockBreakoutandEarlyLightCurvesofTypeII-PSupernovaeObservedwithKepler;P.M.Garnavichetal;doi10.3847/0004-637X/820/1/23

• NeutrinoSignalsofCore-CollapseSupernovaeinUndergroundDetectors;ShaquannSeadrowetal;arXiv:1804.00689