ibt reading slides
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iBT: Reading Section
Passages = 3
Questions = 3942
Topics = science, technology, history,
government, geography, arts,
social sciences, the humanities,
biography, autobiography,
culture, etc.
Time = 60 minutes
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Types of Skills
1. Vocabulary
2. Reference
3. Restatement/Paraphrasing4. Details
5. Inferences
6. Authors Purpose and Method7. Sentence Addition
8. Summaries and Charts
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Reading Strategy
Read the entire passage first. The main topic isusually stated at the beginning of the passage.(Cambridge)
Read the title and quickly stroll through thepassage to get an idea what the passage isgenerally about. (Thomson [Bruce Rogers])
Do not spend too much time reading the
passage. Skim each passage to determine themain idea and overall organization of ideas inthe passage. (Longman)
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Vocabulary Questions
identify the meanings of individual words andphrases as they are used in the readingpassage (a word might have more than onemeaning, but in the reading passage, only oneof those meanings is relevant.)
On the TOEFL iBT, words in the passage that
are unusual, technical, or have specialmeanings in the context of the topic aredefined for you.
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Vocabulary Questions
The word X in the passage is closest in
meaning to
In the case of a phrase, the question might be:
In stating X, the author means that
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Tips
The question is not just asking the meaning ofa word; it is asking for the meaning as it isused in passage.
Do not just choose an answer just because it
can be a correct meaning of the word;understand which meaning the author is usingin the passage.
Reread the sentence in the passage,substituting the word or phrase you havechosen. Confirm that the sentence still makessense in the context of the whole passage.
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Reference Questions
The word X in the passage refers to
The four answer choices will be words orphrases from the passage. Only one choice is the
word to which the highlighted word refers.
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Tips
If the reference question is about apronoun, make sure your answer is thesame number (singular to plural) and
case (first person, second person, thirdperson) as the highlighted pronoun.
Substitute your choice for the highlighted
word or words in the sentence. Does itviolate any grammar rules? Does it makesense?
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Insert Text Questions
There are four black squares located at the
beginnings or ends of sentences, and
sometimes appear in one paragraph or spread
across the end of one paragraph and thebeginning of another:
Look at the four squares [] that indicate
where the following sentence could be addedto the passage.
Where would the sentence best fit?
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Tips
Try the sentence in each of the places indicatedby the squares
Look at both the structure of the sentence andthe logic.
Pay special attention to logical connecting words:On the other hand, For example, On the contrary,
Similarly, In contrast, Further, or Furthermore,
Therefore, In other words, As a result, Finally Make sure that the inserted sentence connects
logically to both the sentence before it and thesentence after it.
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Sentence Simplification Questions
(Restatement)
Which of the following best expresses the
essential information in the highlighted
sentence? Incorrect answer choices change
the meaning in important ways or leave
out essential information.
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Tips
A choice can be incorrect:
It contradicts something in the highlighted
sentence.
It leaves out something important from the
highlighted sentence.
Make sure your answer does not contradict
the main argument of the paragraph in whichthe sentence occurs, or the passage as a
whole.
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