hypothalamus and limbic system · 2013-02-09 · -behavior and motivation-hypothalamus and the...
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• Homeostatic control centers • Thalamus – “relay station” and sensory
integration • Hypothalamus
• Hunger/Satiety • Thirst: Body osmolarity • “Fight or flight” response • Rage – fear... • Control of biological rythms • Endocrine and ANS synchrony
Midbrain (Diencephalon)
Hipotalamus
Blood P; mydriasis, shivering
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Satiety, Neuroendocrine control
Feeding reflexes
ADH
Oxytocin, water retention
Blood P; bladder contraction
Neuroendocrine control
Hunger
Hypothalamus
Paraventricular nucleus: Oxytocin+ADH
Medial preoptic area: Bladder contraction Heart rate Blood pressure#
Supraoptic nucleus: ADH release
Posterior preoptic and anterior hypothalamus: Body temperature Respiration Sweating
Hypothalamus
Lateral hypothalamus: Thirst and hunger; Rage!
Arcuate nuclei: Dopamine, GHRH #
Periventricular area: Neuroendocrine control
Mamillary body: Recognition memory, feeding reflexes
Ventromedial nucleus: Satiety center, NE control
Perifornical area: Hunger, Blood pressure , anger
Hypothalamus
Dorsomedial neucleus: GIS Stimulation
Posterior hypothalamus: Blood pressure Pupil dilatation Shivering
Suprachiasmatic nucleus: Biological rhythms Control of the pineal gland
• Lateral Hypothalamus • Rage-Euphoria-Fight
• Ventromedial nucleus • Satiety-calmness
• Periventricular area • Punishment-fear
• Anterior-posterior hypothalamus • Sexual instincts
Hypothalamus and Behavior
• Punishment-Reward System • Reward centers
• Lateral hypothalamus • Ventromedial hypoth. • Secondary areas:
• Septum • Amygdala • Thalamus • Basal ganglia – basal tegmentum
Hypothalamus and Behavior
• Punishment-Reward System • Punishment centers
• Periventricular area* • Lateral hypothalamus*
• Suppressing centers: • VM nucleus • Hippocampus • Anterior limbic cortex
Hypothalamus and Behavior
• Limbus: Border, circle • Limbic system
• Cingulate gyrus – emotions and behavior; decision…
• Hippocampus – learning and memory; navigation
• Amygdala – emotions and emotinal memory
The Limbic System
The Limbic System
• Limbic System • Cingulate gyrus • Hippocampus • Amygdala • Hypothalamus
• Mamillary body • Septum • Orbitofrontal cortex….
The Limbic System - Hippocampus
• Hippocampal formation • Hippocampus proper
• (Cornu ammonis-CA) • Gyrus dentatus • Subiculum • Enthorhinal cortex • Fornix
The Limbic System - Hippocampus
• Hippocampal formation • Paleocortex
• Laminated structure • Learning and memory • Short-term memory
• LTP!
• Cooperative function of: • Hypothalamus, limbic system and cortex
• Feelings: Pleasure, sexual arousal, anger and fear; limited concious control – “hard to block"
• Motivation: “driving power“; increases arousal; goal-directed behavioral coordination
Feelings and motivation
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
• Extensive damage in limbic structure • Feeding disturbances • Hypersexuality • Oral focusing • Loss of fear • Submission • Dementia/aphasia/amnesia • Visual agnosia
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