how buildings work
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HOW BUILDINGS WORK?
07
Innovation & Realisation- AO4002 Ehab KamelEKamelAhmed@uclan.ac.uk
mailto:EKamelAhmed@uclan.ac.ukmailto:EKamelAhmed@uclan.ac.uk -
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What do architects design?
Structures or Spaces?
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TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
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TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
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TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
- Directional/Non-dir-
ectional
FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract
-
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TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
- Directional/Non-dir-
ectional
FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract
- Mathematical
-
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TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
- Directional/Non-dir-
ectional
FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract
- Mathematical
- Organic
-
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TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
- Directional/Non-dir-
ectional
FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract
- Mathematical
- Organic
DIMENSIONS
- Scale
. Broadness
. Narrowness
. Tallness
. Depth
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TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;
- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
- Directional/Non-dir-
ectional
FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract
- Mathematical
- Organic
DIMENSIONS
- Scale
. Broadness
. Narrowness
. Tallness
. Depth
MATERIALS
- Massiveness
- Lightness
- Heaviness
- Hardness
- Softness
- Compactness
- Transparency
BOUNDARIES
- Surface
. Flat
. Sculptured/plastic
- Opaque/Transparent
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SPACE
(Physiology of Perception)
VISION
- Light quality
- Colour
TEXTURE
- Rough
- Smooth
- Fibrous
ODOROUS
- Pleasant
- neutral
SOUND
- Hot
- Cold
- Dry
- Humid
ENVIRONMENT
- Silence
- Calmness
- Noise
- Echo
- Harsh
- Soft
- Movement
SENSE OF TIME
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SPACE
(Physiology of Perception)
VISION - Light quality- Colour
TEXTURE - Rough- Smooth
- Fibrous
ODOROUS - Pleasant- neutral
SOUND
- Hot
- Cold
- Dry
- Humid
ENVIRONMENT
- Silence- Calmness
- Noise
- Echo
- Harsh
- Soft
- MovementSENSE OF TIME
TECTONICS
(Physics of space)
STRUCTURE
- Tectonic/divided;- Non-tectonic
- Monolithic/Layered
- Hierarchical/Chaotic
- Directional/Non-dir-
ectional
FIGURATION
- Geometrical
. Concrete
. Abstract
- Mathematical
- Organic
DIMENSIONS
- Scale
. Broadness
. Narrowness
. Tallness
. Depth
MATERIALS
- Massiveness- Lightness
- Heaviness
- Hardness
- Softness
- Compactness
- Transparency
BOUNDARIES
- Surface
. Flat
. Sculptured/plastic
- Opaque/Transparent
DESIGNP
ROPOSAL
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How do buildings work?
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Providing immediate necessities for
HUMAN METABOLISM
A. Clean air for breathing
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Providing immediate necessities for
HUMAN METABOLISM
A. Clean air for breathing
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Providing immediate necessities for
HUMAN METABOLISM
A. Clean air for breathing
B. Clean water for drinking, foodpreparation, cleaning, and flushing of waste
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Providing immediate necessities for
HUMAN METABOLISM
A. Clean air for breathing
B. Clean water for drinking, foodpreparation, cleaning, and flushing of waste
C. Removal/Recycling of wastes, includingwash water, food wastes, rubbish, and excrement
D. Facilities for preparation and
consumption of food
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Creating necessary conditions for
HUMAN THERMAL COMFORT
A. Control of the air temperature
B. Control of the thermal characteristics of surfaces contacted
directly by human bodiesC. Control of the airs humidity
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Creating necessary conditions for
HUMAN THERMAL COMFORT
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Creating necessary conditions for
SENSORY COMFORT, EFFICIENCY, & PRIVACY
A. Optimal seeing conditions
B. Visual privacy
C. Optimal hearing conditions
D. Acoustical privacy
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Control
ENTRY & EXIT OF LIVING CREATURES
A. Human beings
B. Viruses & microbes
C. Insects, reptiles & animals
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Control of
ENERGY DISTRIBUTION
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Control of
ENERGY DISTRIBUTION
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Control of
ENERGY DISTRIBUTION
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Providing
CHANNELS OF CONNECTION & COMMUNICATION
A. Windows/doors (openings)
B. Telephones
C. Internet
D. Mailboxes
E. Video / security systems
F. Control systems
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Facilitating
PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY
A. Appropriate surfaces
B. Appropriate boundaries (floors, walls, ceilings, etc.)
C. Appropriate circulation/connection (corridors, stairs,
doors, etc.)
D. Appropriate working conditions (light, temperature, etc.)
E. Appropriate furniture (seats, benches, countertops, etc.)
F. Appropriate storage (stores, shelves, etc.)
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Providing
STABLE SUPPORT FOR WEIGHTS
DEAD LOADSand LIVE LOADSThose built into
structure:
- Floors;- Roofs;
- Walls;
- Fixed mechanical
equipment
Variable,
unpredictable, and
mobile:- People;
- Furniture;
- Snow;
- Rain;
- Ice; etc.
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Providing
STABLE SUPPORT FOR WEIGHTS
LATERAL LOADS
Caused by wind and seismic
movement (earthquake)
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Providing
STABLE SUPPORT FOR WEIGHTS
DYNAMIC LOADS
Loads that change rapidly,
that are applied suddenly, or
that are the result of an
amplified movement.
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Providing
STABLE SUPPORT FOR WEIGHTS
IMPACT LOADS
Loads that result from a sudden collision or an explosion
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PROTECTING ITSELF FROM WETTING
A. Structure
B. Surfaces
C. Systems
D. Any other architectural technical devices
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Providing
PROTECTION AGAINST DAMAGE BY FIRE
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hank you
QUESTIONS
?
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