history of interpretation of scripture(1)
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A History of Biblical Interpretation
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Jewish OT Patristics Middle Ages Reformation Post-Reformation Modern era
Targ
ums Translation
of Hebrew Scriptures
into Aramaic
Hal
akah An
elaboration of OT LawsOriginally
given orally Hag
gada
h Lit. “to narrate”
Dealt with non-legal material
Jewish Literature
Mis
hnah Ca. 200 AD
The compilation of the afore-mentioned literature Bab
ylon
ian
Talm
ud Ca. 400-600 AD
Combination of Mishnah
Mid
rash
im Further explanation of Halakah
and Haggadah
Jewish Literature, cont.
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Jewish Interpretation
At the time of Jesus, there were two distinct Rabbinical schools- Shimai and Hillael (one being quite liberal and the other quite conservative)
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Jewish Interpretation
Philo of Alexandria (20 B.C.- AD 54) introduced allegorical interpretation
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Jewish Interpretation
The Qumran community secluded themselves from society in an attempt to live holy, and are responsible for the preservation of the Dead Sea Scrolls.
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Jewish Interpretation
Much of their individual commentary is made known to us in these scrolls.
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Patristic Period
School of Alexandria
Deeply influenced by Philo
Characterized by allegory
Key individuals, Clement, Origen, Bernard of Clarivaux
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Patristic Period
School of Antioch
Characterized by grammatical-historical interpretation
Key individuals, Augustine, Jerome, John Chrysostom
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
The Middle Ages
Tradition dominated Biblical Interpretation
Attitude of the Middle Ages:“Learn first what you believe, and then go to the Bible to find it there.” Hugh of St .Victor
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
The Reformation
Major contribution of the Reformation: “Sola Scriptura”
Key individuals, Martin Luther, John Calvin
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Post-ReformationAt the end of the 17th century, the Bible reigned supreme over all areas of knowledge. At the end of the 18th century these areas of knowledge began to separate themselves from the authority of the Bible.
Developments Arising from Post-Reformation Thought
The individual as an auto-nomous thinker
Emphasis on human reasoning
Distrust of super-natural
Emphasis on historical study
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Modern Era
The development of the Historical Critical Method as a means of deciphering truth.
Key individuals: F.C. Baur, Julius Wellhausen, Adolph von Harnack
A History of Biblical Interpretation
Choosing a Version
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Postmodern Era
Liberation Theology
Feminist Hermeneutics
Gay Hermeneutics
Post-Evangelicalism
DeconstructionRelativism
No
Truth
The Mechanics of Postmodern Thought
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Choosing a Version
A History of Biblical Interpretation
T h e H o l y S p i r i t a n d I n t e r p r e t a t i o n
If the understanding of Scripture is the context in which we encounter God’s presence, and therein learn about God and His will for us, then it is reasonable to believe that the Holy Spirit would help us in our understanding.
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Choosing a Version
A History of Biblical Interpretation
T h e H o l y S p i r i t a n d I n t e r p r e t a t i o n
How does the Holy Spirit help us?
It is miraculous and supernatural- therefore mysterious
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Choosing a Version
A History of Biblical Interpretation
T h e H o l y S p i r i t a n d I n t e r p r e t a t i o n
Metaphors from Scripture:Shining of Light (2 Cor. 4:6)
Guiding into Truth (Jn. 16:13)
Unveiling of Mysteries (2 Cor. 3:14-17)
Teacher (Jn. 14:26; 1 Jn. 2:27)
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Choosing a Version
A History of Biblical Interpretation
T h e H o l y S p i r i t a n d I n t e r p r e t a t i o n
What does the Holy Spirit teach?
No “new” revelations
Not just “ordinary” things
The Holy Spirit and Interpretation
Choosing a Version
A History of Biblical Interpretation
T h e H o l y S p i r i t a n d I n t e r p r e t a t i o n
What does the Holy Spirit teach?Significance of the person/work of JesusThe personal reality of God’s revelation and love for us
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